Digi XBee-PRO 900HP Manual de usuario

XBee-PRO 900HP DigiMesh Kit

Radio Frequency (RF) Module

User Guide

Revision history—90001496

Revision Date Description

A January 2016 Initial release.

B March 2016 Rebranded with minor updates.

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property of their respective owners.

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commitment on the part of Digi International. Digi provides this document “as is,” without warranty of

any kind, expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of fitness or

merchantability for a particular purpose. Digi may make improvements and/or changes in this manual

or in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this manual at any time.

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XBee-PRO 900HP DigiMesh Kit User Guide 2

Contents

XBee-PRO 900HP DigiMesh Kit User Guide

Kit contents

Introduction to XBee modules

DigiMesh networks

Synchronous sleeping network 15

Mesh networking 15

Getting Started with your DigiMesh kit

Plug in the XBee module 17

How to unplug an XBee module 18

Download and install XCTU 18

Install XCTU - Windows 18

Install XCTU - Linux 18

Install XCTU - OSX 19

Optional: Install XCTU updates 19

Optional: Manually install USB drivers 19

Lab: Set up a simple DigiMesh network 20

Step 1:Requirements 20

Step 2:Connect the components 20

Step 3: Add the XBee modules to XCTU 20

Step 4: Configure the XBee modules 21

Step 5: Check the network 22

Step 6: Send wireless messages 23

How XBee devices work

How XBee devices communicate 26

Wireless communication 26

Addressing 26

Network identifier 27

Preamble identifier 27

Radio frequency channels and channel masks 28

Serial communication 29

Operating modes 30

XBee-PRO 900HP DigiMesh Kit User Guide 3

XBee-PRO 900HP DigiMesh Kit User Guide 4

Comparison of transparent and API modes 30

XBee transparent mode

XBee transparent mode in detail 34

Command mode 34

AT commands 35

Use AT commands 36

XBee API mode

API mode in detail 39

Advantages of API mode 39

API frame structure 40

Start delimiter 40

Length 40

Frame data 40

Checksum 41

DigiMesh supported frames 42

Frame examples 43

Operating mode configuration 48

API escaped operating mode (API 2) 49

XBee frame exchange 50

AT Command: configure a local XBee device 50

Transmit Request/Receive Packet: Transmit and receive wireless data 53

Lab:Transmit and receive data 54

Remote AT Command: Remotely configure an XBee module 59

Do more with API mode: XBee libraries 60

DigiMesh network setup

Set up a DigiMesh network 62

Routing 62

Route discovery 63

Trace routing 64

Aggregate routes 64

Use the AG command 64

Disable routing 65

View the network 65

Lab: Build and experiment with a DigiMesh network 66

Step 1: Requirements 66

Step 2: Connect the components 66

Step 3:Configure the XBee modules 66

Step 4:Set up the components 68

Step 5: Send messages via a bridge node 68

Wireless data transmission

Transmission methods 72

Broadcast transmission 72

Unicast transmission 72

Lab: Transmit data wirelessly 73

Step 1: Requirements 73

XBee-PRO 900HP DigiMesh Kit User Guide 5

Step 2:Connect the components 74

Step 3: Configure the XBee modules 74

Step 4: Create a Java project 75

Step 5:Link libraries to the project 75

Step 6:Add the source code to the project 77

Step 7:Set the port names and launch applications 78

Step 8:Transmit data over the network 78

Step 9:Section summary of wireless data transmission 78

Step 10:Do more with wireless data transmission 79

Low power and battery life

Low power devices and battery life 81

A real world scenario 81

Design considerations for applications using sleep mode 81

Sleep modes 81

Synchronous sleep modes 82

Asynchronous sleep modes 82

Asynchronous sleep 82

Synchronous sleep 83

Synchronous sleep operation 83

Synchronous sleep modes 84

Synchronous sleep parameters 85

Designate a sleep coordinator 87

Start a sleeping network 89

Lab: Use synchronous sleep 89

Step 1:Requirements 89

Step 2: Connect the components 90

Step 3:Configure the XBee Modules 90

Step 4:Test the sleep configuration 93

Step 5:Section summary of synchronous sleep 95

Step 6: Do more with sleep mode 96

Inputs and outputs

XBee I/O pins 98

How XBee devices get sensor data 99

Sensors 99

How to configure a pin as an input 99

How to obtain data from a sensor 100

Lab: receive digital data 101

Step 1:Requirements 102

Step 2:Connect the components 102

Step 3:Configure the XBee modules 102

Step 4:Create a Java project 104

Step 5:Link libraries to the project 104

Step 6: Add the source code to the project 105

Step 7:Set the port name and launch the application 107

Step 8:Section summary of receiving digital data 107

Step 9:Do more with receiving digital data 108

Lab: Receive analog data 108

Step 1: Requirements 109

Step 2:Connect the components 109

Step 3:Configure the XBee modules 109

XBee-PRO 900HP DigiMesh Kit User Guide 6

Step 4: Create a Java project 111

Step 5:Link libraries to the project 112

Step 6:Add the source code to the project 113

Step 7:Set the port name and launch the application 114

Step 8:Section summary of receiving analog data 114

Step 9:Do more with receiving analog data 115

How XBee modules control devices 115

Actuators 116

Set pins for digital and analog actuators 116

How to configure a pin as an output 116

How to send actuations 117

Lab:Send digital actuations 117

Step 1:Requirements 117

Step 2:Connect the components 118

Step 3:Configure the XBee modules 118

Step 4:Create a Java project 119

Step 5:Link libraries to the project 120

Step 6:Add the source code to the project 121

Step 7:Set the port name and launch the application 122

Step 8:Section summary of sending digital actuations 122

Step 9: Do more with sending digital actuations 122

Lab: Send analog actuations 123

Step 1:Requirements 123

Step 2:Connect the components 123

Step 3:Configure the XBee modules 123

Step 4:Create a Java project 124

Step 5:Link libraries to the project 125

Step 6:Add the source code to the project 126

Step 7:Set the port name and launch the application 127

Step 8:Section summary of sending analog actuations 127

Step 9: Do more with sending analog actuations 127

Security and encryption

How to enable network security 130

Lab: Encrypt a simple DigiMesh network 130

Test your encryption 130

Additional recommendations 130

Signal strength and radio frequency range

Distance and obstacles 133

Factors affecting wireless communication 134

Signal strength and the RSSI pin 135

Is RSSI the best indication of link quality? 137

Range test 137

Example: perform a range test 139

Step 1:Requirements 139

Step 2:Connect the components 140

Step 3:Configure the XBee modules 140

Perform a range test 141

Step 5:Section summary of signal strength 141

XBee-PRO 900HP DigiMesh Kit User Guide 7

Radio firmware

Firmware identification 143

Update radio firmware 143

Update your device's firmware 144

Download new firmware 144

Troubleshooting for XBee-PRO 900HP DigiMesh Kit kit

General 146

Cannot find the serial port for the module 146

Can't identify XBee modules 146

Error: Port is already in use 146

Error: Device driver was not successfully installed 146

XCTU 147

Error upon installation of XCTU 147

Discovery process either does not find devices, or XCTU does not list serial ports 147

XCTU reports errors for KY and DD settings after resetting to factory defaults 148

DigiMesh network setup 148

The modules are not found when checking the network 148

Wireless data transmission 148

Error: Parsing text error message 148

Error: Could not find the module in the network 148

XBee Java library 148

Warning message: RXTX version mismatch 149

Invalid operating mode exception message 149

Java lang unsatisfied exception message 149

Interface in use exception message 150

Java lang no class definition exception message 150

SLF4J class path contains multiple bindings message 151

XBee Java Library and transparent mode 151

Synchronous sleep 151

A receiver module does not receive any message 151

Range test 151

Error: There are not remote devices discovered for the selected local device 151

There are no remote devices to select 151

The local RSSI and the number of packets received are always 0 152

Remote RSSI is not included in the chart and the Remote RSSI control is disabled 152

Additional resources

XBee buying guide 154

Where to buy XBee devices 154

Find products from Digi and Digi distributors 154

Find Digi products through resellers 155

XCTU walkthrough 155

XCTU overview 155

Application working modes 158

Add a module 158

Read settings 159

Change settings 160

Save settings 160

Real projects with XBee modules 160

Community 161

XBee-PRO 900HP DigiMesh Kit User Guide 8

Industrial solutions 161

Related products 162

XBee-PRO 900HP DigiMesh Kit User Guide

Digi’s XBee-PRO 900HP DigiMesh Kit is a great way to learn how to use XBee RF modules for device

connectivity and mesh networking. This kit lets anyone get started in the world of DigiMesh. Whether

you're a hardware or software engineer, corporate technologist, educator, or student, you can quickly

create wireless mesh networks.

XBee-PRO 900HP embedded modules provide best-in-class long-range wireless connectivity to

devices. Supporting RF line-of-sight ranges from 1000 feet (305 m) indoors to 4 miles (6.5 km)

outdoors with dipole antennas, and data rates of up to 200 Kbps, these modules are ideal for

extended-range applications requiring increased data throughput.

XBee-PRO 900HP modules take advantage of the DigiMesh networking protocol. This innovative mesh

protocol offers users added network stability through self-healing, self-discovering, and dense

network operation. With support for sleeping routers, DigiMesh is ideal for power-sensitive

applications that rely upon batteries or power-harvesting technology.

Follow this guide to:

nAssemble your kit components

nSet up device communications

nBuild working control systems

nDesign sensing networks with excellent battery life and robust security

XBee-PRO 900HP DigiMesh Kit User Guide 9

XBee-PRO 900HP DigiMesh Kit User Guide

XBee-PRO 900HP DigiMesh Kit User Guide 10

Each section of this guide explains a basic topic related to XBees and DigiMesh with step-by-step

examples that put into practice the concepts you have learned. The topics are arranged according to

their complexity, from the most basic to the more powerful features.

Certain examples use the Java programming language. These examples are easy for anyone to use,

and those with some programming background can extend them to real-world scenarios.

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