Novell LINUX ENTERPRISE DESKTOP 11 - ADMINISTRATION GUIDE... Guía de referencia rápida

SUSE Linux Enterprise

Desktop

www.novell.com11

March17,2009 Deployment Guide

Deployment Guide

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nor the translators shall be held liable for possible errors or the consequences thereof.

Contents

About This Guide vii

1Planning for SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 1

1.1 Hardware Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

1.2 Reasons to Use SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Part I Manual Deployment 5

2Deployment Strategies 7

2.1 Deploying up to 10 Workstations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

2.2 Deploying up to 100 Workstations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

2.3 Deploying More than 100 Workstations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

3Installation with YaST 17

3.1 Choosing the Installation Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

3.2 The Installation Workow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

3.3 System Start-Up for Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

3.4 TheBootScreen......................... 21

3.5 Welcome ............................ 25

3.6 InstallationMode......................... 26

3.7 Clock and Time Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

3.8 CreateNewUser......................... 30

3.9 Installation Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

3.10 Performing the Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

3.11 Conguration of the Installed System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

3.12 GraphicalLogin.......................... 46

4Updating SUSE Linux Enterprise 47

4.1 Updating SUSE Linux Enterprise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

4.2 Installing Service Packs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

4.3 Software Changes from Version 10 to Version 11 . . . . . . . . . . . 50

5Setting Up Hardware Components with YaST 51

5.1 Probing Your Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

5.2 Setting Up Graphics Card and Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

5.3 Setting Up Keyboard and Mouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

5.4 Setting Up Sound Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

5.5 Setting Up a Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

5.6 Setting Up a Scanner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

6Installing or Removing Software 65

6.1 DenitionofTerms........................ 65

6.2 Using the Qt Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

6.3 Using the GTK+ Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

6.4 Managing Software Repositories and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

6.5 Keeping the System Up-to-date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

7Installing Add-On Products 85

7.1 Add-Ons............................. 85

7.2 BinaryDrivers.......................... 86

7.3 SUSE Software Development Kit (SDK) 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

8Accessing the Internet 87

8.1 Direct Internet Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

8.2 Internet Connection Via Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

9Managing Users with YaST 91

9.1 User and Group Administration Dialog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

9.2 Managing User Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

9.3 Additional Options for User Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

9.4 Changing Default Settings for Local Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

9.5 Assigning Users to Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

9.6 ManagingGroups........................ 104

9.7 Changing the User Authentication Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

10 Changing Language and Country Settings with YaST 109

10.1 Changing the System Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

10.2 Changing the Country and Time Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

11 Remote Installation 117

11.1 Installation Scenarios for Remote Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

11.2 Setting Up the Server Holding the Installation Sources . . . . . . . . . 126

11.3 Preparing the Boot of the Target System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

11.4 Booting the Target System for Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

11.5 Monitoring the Installation Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

12 Advanced Disk Setup 155

12.1 Using the YaST Partitioner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

12.2 LVM Conguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

12.3 Soft RAID Conguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

13 Subscription Management 173

13.1 Using Kernel Parameters to Access an SMT Server . . . . . . . . . . . 174

13.2 Conguring Clients Using AutoYaST Prole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175

13.3 Conguring Clients Using the clientSetup4SMT.sh Script . . . . . . . . 177

13.4 Registering Clients Against SMT Test Environment . . . . . . . . . . . 177

Part II Imaging and Creating Products 179

14 KIWI 181

14.1 Prerequisites for KIWI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181

14.2 Knowing KIWI’s Build Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

14.3 Image Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

14.4 Creating Appliances with KIWI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186

14.5 For More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188

15 Creating Add-On Products With Add-on Creator 189

15.1 CreatingImages......................... 189

15.2 Add-On Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

15.3 For More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

16 Creating Images with YaST Product Creator 193

16.1 Prerequisites for Product Creator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

16.2 CreatingImages......................... 193

16.3 For More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195

17 Deploying Customized Preinstallations 197

17.1 Preparing the Master Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198

17.2 Customizing the Firstboot Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198

17.3 Cloning the Master Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

17.4 Personalizing the Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

Part III Automated Installations 209

18 Automated Installation 211

18.1 Simple Mass Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

18.2 Rule-Based Autoinstallation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223

18.3 For More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228

19 Automated Deployment of Preload Images 229

19.1 Deploying system manually from rescue image . . . . . . . . . . . . 230

19.2 Automated Deployment with PXE Boot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

About This Guide

Installations of SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop are possible in many different ways.

It is impossible to cover all combinations of boot, or installation server, automated in-

stallations or deploying images. This manual should help with selecting the appropriate

method of deployment for your installation.

Part I, “Manual Deployment” (page 5)

Most tasks that are needed during installations are described here. This includes

the manual setup of your computer as well as additional software and remote instal-

lations.

Part II, “Imaging and Creating Products” (page 179)

Mass installations often require to prepare images or products furnished with the

features that are needed in this special case. Several options are described that allow

the administrator to prepare this deployment methods.

Part III, “Automated Installations” (page 209)

To do unattended installations, either use the installation with AutoYaST or prepare

an image with kiwi or rstboot. This part describes methods to deploy these instal-

lations with a minimum of user interaction.

Many chapters in this manual contain links to additional documentation resources. This

includes additional documentation that is available on the system as well as documen-

tation available on the Internet.

For an overview of the documentation available for your product and the latest docu-

mentation updates, refer to http://www.novell.com/documentation or to

the following section.

1 Available Documentation

We provide HTML and PDF versions of our books in different languages. The following

manuals for users and administrators are available on this product:

GNOME User Guide (↑GNOME User Guide)

Introduces the GNOME desktop of SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop. It guides you

through using and conguring the desktop and helps you perform key tasks. It is

intended mainly for end users who want to make efcient use of GNOME desktop

as their default desktop.

Application Guide (↑Application Guide)

Learn how to use and congure key desktop applications on SUSE Linux Enterprise

Desktop. This guide introduces browsers and e-mail clients as well as ofce appli-

cations and collaboration tools. It also covers graphics and multimedia applications.

Deployment Guide (page 1)

Shows how to install single or multiple systems and how to exploit the product

inherent capabilities for a deployment infrastructure. Choose from various approach-

es, ranging from a local installation or a network installation server to a mass de-

ployment using a remote-controlled, highly-customized, and automated installation

technique.

Administration Guide (↑Administration Guide)

Covers system administration tasks like maintaining, monitoring and customizing

an initially installed system.

Security Guide (↑Security Guide)

Introduces basic concepts of system security, covering both local and network se-

curity aspects. Shows how to make use of the product inherent security software

like Novell AppArmor (which lets you specify per program which les the program

may read, write, and execute) or the auditing system that reliably collects informa-

tion about any security-relevant events.

Virtualization with Xen (↑Virtualization with Xen)

Offers an introduction to virtualization technology of your product. It features an

overview of the various elds of application and installation types of each of the

platforms supported by SUSE Linux Enterprise Server as well as a short description

of the installation procedure.

In addition to the comprehensive manuals, several quick start guides are available:

viii Deployment Guide

Installation Quick Start (↑Installation Quick Start)

Lists the system requirements and guides you step-by-step through the installation

of SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop from DVD, or from an ISO image.

Linux Audit Quick Start

Gives a short overview how to enable and congure the auditing system and how

to execute key tasks such as setting up audit rules, generating reports, and analyzing

the log les.

Novell AppArmor Quick Start

Helps you understand the main concepts behind Novell® AppArmor.

Find HTML versions of most SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop manuals in your installed

system under /usr/share/doc/manual or in the help centers of your desktop.

Find the latest documentation updates at http://www.novell.com/

documentation where you can download PDF or HTML versions of the manuals

for your product.

2 Feedback

Several feedback channels are available:

• To report bugs for a product component or to submit enhancements requests, please

use https://bugzilla.novell.com/. If you are new to Bugzilla, you

might nd the Bug Writing FAQs helpful, available from the Novell Bugzilla home

page.

• We want to hear your comments and suggestions about this manual and the other

documentation included with this product. Please use the User Comments feature

at the bottom of each page of the online documentation and enter your comments

there.

3 Documentation Conventions

The following typographical conventions are used in this manual:

•/etc/passwd: directory names and lenames

About This Guide ix

•placeholder: replace placeholder with the actual value

•PATH: the environment variable PATH

•ls,--help: commands, options, and parameters

•user: users or groups

•Alt,Alt +F1: a key to press or a key combination; keys are shown in uppercase as

on a keyboard

•File,File >Save As: menu items, buttons

•Dancing Penguins (Chapter Penguins, ↑Another Manual): This is a reference to a

chapter in another manual.

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