Cisco ASR 9000 Series Manual de usuario

Cisco ASR 9000 Series Aggregation Services Router MPLS

Configuration Guide, Release 4.3.x

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Text Part Number: OL-28381-02

CONTENTS

Preface

Preface xv

Changes to This Document xv

Obtaining Documentation and Submitting a Service Request xv

CHAPTER 1

New and Changed Feature Information in Cisco IOS XR Release 4.3.x 1

CHAPTER 2

Implementing MPLS Label Distribution Protocol 5

Prerequisites for Implementing Cisco MPLS LDP 6

Information About Implementing Cisco MPLS LDP 6

Overview of Label Distribution Protocol 6

Label Switched Paths 6

LDP Control Plane 6

Exchanging Label Bindings 8

LDP Forwarding 9

LDP Graceful Restart 10

Control Plane Failure 11

Phases in Graceful Restart 12

Recovery with Graceful-Restart 13

Label Advertisement Control (Outbound Filtering) 14

Label Acceptance Control (Inbound Filtering) 14

Local Label Allocation Control 15

Session Protection 15

IGP Synchronization 16

IGP Auto-configuration 17

LDP Nonstop Routing 17

IP LDP Fast Reroute Loop Free Alternate 18

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Downstream on Demand 19

Explicit-Null and Implicit-Null Labels 20

How to Implement MPLS LDP 20

Configuring LDP Discovery Parameters 21

Configuring LDP Discovery Over a Link 22

Configuring LDP Discovery for Active Targeted Hellos 24

Configuring LDP Discovery for Passive Targeted Hellos 26

Configuring Label Advertisement Control (Outbound Filtering) 27

Setting Up LDP Neighbors 29

Setting Up LDP Forwarding 31

Setting Up LDP NSF Using Graceful Restart 33

Configuring Label Acceptance Control (Inbound Filtering) 35

Configuring Local Label Allocation Control 37

Configuring Session Protection 38

Configuring LDP IGP Synchronization: OSPF 39

Configuring LDP IGP Synchronization: ISIS 40

Enabling LDP Auto-Configuration for a Specified OSPF Instance 42

Enabling LDP Auto-Configuration in an Area for a Specified OSPF Instance 44

Disabling LDP Auto-Configuration 45

Configuring LDP Nonstop Routing 47

Configuring LDP Downstream on Demand mode 48

Redistributing MPLS LDP Routes into BGP 49

Setting Up Implicit-Null-Override Label 51

Configuration Examples for Implementing MPLS LDP 52

Configuring LDP with Graceful Restart: Example 52

Configuring LDP Discovery: Example 52

Configuring LDP Link: Example 52

Configuring LDP Discovery for Targeted Hellos: Example 53

Configuring Label Advertisement (Outbound Filtering): Example 53

Configuring LDP Neighbors: Example 54

Configuring LDP Forwarding: Example 54

Configuring LDP Nonstop Forwarding with Graceful Restart: Example 54

Configuring Label Acceptance (Inbound Filtering): Example 55

Configuring Local Label Allocation Control: Example 55

Configuring LDP Session Protection: Example 55

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Configuring LDP IGP Synchronization—OSPF: Example 56

Configuring LDP IGP Synchronization—ISIS: Example 56

Configuring LDP Auto-Configuration: Example 56

Configure IP LDP Fast Reroute Loop Free Alternate: Examples 57

Verify IP LDP Fast Reroute Loop Free Alternate: Example 58

Additional References 61

CHAPTER 3

Implementing RSVP for MPLS-TE 63

Prerequisites for Implementing RSVP for MPLS-TE 64

Information About Implementing RSVP for MPLS-TE 64

Overview of RSVP for MPLS-TE 64

LSP Setup 65

High Availability 65

Graceful Restart 65

Graceful Restart: Standard and Interface-Based 66

Graceful Restart: Figure 67

ACL-based Prefix Filtering 68

RSVP MIB 68

Bandwidth Reservation Percentage 69

Information About Implementing RSVP Authentication 69

RSVP Authentication Functions 69

RSVP Authentication Design 69

Global, Interface, and Neighbor Authentication Modes 70

Security Association 71

Key-source Key-chain 72

Guidelines for Window-Size and Out-of-Sequence Messages 73

Caveats for Out-of-Sequence 73

How to Implement RSVP 74

Configuring Traffic Engineering Tunnel Bandwidth 74

Confirming DiffServ-TE Bandwidth 74

Enabling Graceful Restart 76

Configuring ACL-based Prefix Filtering 77

Configuring ACLs for Prefix Filtering 77

Configuring RSVP Packet Dropping 78

Verifying RSVP Configuration 80

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Enabling RSVP Traps 83

How to Implement RSVP Authentication 84

Configuring Global Configuration Mode RSVP Authentication 84

Enabling RSVP Authentication Using the Keychain in Global Configuration Mode 84

Configuring a Lifetime for RSVP Authentication in Global Configuration Mode 86

Configuring the Window Size for RSVP Authentication in Global Configuration

Mode 87

Configuring an Interface for RSVP Authentication 88

Specifying the RSVP Authentication Keychain in Interface Mode 88

Configuring a Lifetime for an Interface for RSVP Authentication 90

Configuring the Window Size for an Interface for RSVP Authentication 91

Configuring RSVP Neighbor Authentication 92

Specifying the Keychain for RSVP Neighbor Authentication 93

Configuring a Lifetime for RSVP Neighbor Authentication 94

Configuring the Window Size for RSVP Neighbor Authentication 95

Verifying the Details of the RSVP Authentication 97

Eliminating Security Associations for RSVP Authentication 97

Configuration Examples for RSVP 97

Bandwidth Configuration (Prestandard): Example 97

Bandwidth Configuration (MAM): Example 97

Bandwidth Configuration (RDM): Example 98

Refresh Reduction and Reliable Messaging Configuration: Examples 98

Refresh Interval and the Number of Refresh Messages Configuration: Example 98

Retransmit Time Used in Reliable Messaging Configuration: Example 99

Acknowledgement Times Configuration: Example 99

Summary Refresh Message Size Configuration: Example 99

Disable Refresh Reduction: Example 99

Configure Graceful Restart: Examples 99

Enable Graceful Restart: Example 100

Enable Interface-Based Graceful Restart: Example 100

Change the Restart-Time: Example 100

Change the Hello Interval: Example 100

Configure ACL-based Prefix Filtering: Example 100

Set DSCP for RSVP Packets: Example 101

Enable RSVP Traps: Example 101

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Configuration Examples for RSVP Authentication 101

RSVP Authentication Global Configuration Mode: Example 102

RSVP Authentication for an Interface: Example 102

RSVP Neighbor Authentication: Example 103

RSVP Authentication by Using All the Modes: Example 103

Additional References 104

CHAPTER 4

Implementing MPLS Forwarding 107

Prerequisites for Implementing Cisco MPLS Forwarding 107

Restrictions for Implementing Cisco MPLS Forwarding 108

Information About Implementing MPLS Forwarding 108

MPLS Forwarding Overview 108

Label Switching Functions 108

Distribution of Label Bindings 109

MFI Control-Plane Services 109

MFI Data-Plane Services 109

MPLS Maximum Transmission Unit 110

Label Security for BGP Inter-AS Option-B 110

How to Implement MPLS Forwarding 110

Configuring MPLS Label Security 110

Additional References 111

CHAPTER 5

Implementing MPLS Traffic Engineering 113

Prerequisites for Implementing Cisco MPLS Traffic Engineering 114

Restrictions for Implementing GMPLS UNI 115

Information About Implementing MPLS Traffic Engineering 115

Overview of MPLS Traffic Engineering 115

Benefits of MPLS Traffic Engineering 115

How MPLS-TE Works 116

MPLS Traffic Engineering 117

Backup AutoTunnels 117

AutoTunnel Attribute-set 118

Link Protection 118

Node Protection 118

Backup AutoTunnel Assignment 119

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Explicit Paths 120

Periodic Backup Promotion 120

Protocol-Based CLI 121

Differentiated Services Traffic Engineering 121

Prestandard DS-TE Mode 121

IETF DS-TE Mode 121

Bandwidth Constraint Models 122

Maximum Allocation Bandwidth Constraint Model 122

Russian Doll Bandwidth Constraint Model 122

TE Class Mapping 123

Flooding 123

Flooding Triggers 123

Flooding Thresholds 124

Fast Reroute 124

MPLS-TE and Fast Reroute over Link Bundles 125

Ignore Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System Overload Bit Setting in MPLS-TE 125

Flexible Name-based Tunnel Constraints 126

MPLS Traffic Engineering Interarea Tunneling 127

Interarea Support 127

Multiarea Support 128

Loose Hop Expansion 128

Loose Hop Reoptimization 129

ABR Node Protection 129

Fast Reroute Node Protection 129

MPLS-TE Forwarding Adjacency 129

MPLS-TE Forwarding Adjacency Benefits 130

MPLS-TE Forwarding Adjacency Restrictions 130

MPLS-TE Forwarding Adjacency Prerequisites 130

Path Computation Element 130

Policy-Based Tunnel Selection 132

Policy-Based Tunnel Selection Functions 132

PBTS Forward Class 133

PBTS Restrictions 134

PBTS Default Class Enhancement 134

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Path Protection 135

Pre-requisites for Path Protection 135

Restrictions for Path Protection 136

Restrictions for Explicit Path Protection 137

Co-existence of Path Protection with Fast Reroute 137

MPLS-TE Automatic Bandwidth 137

MPLS-TE Automatic Bandwidth Overview 138

Adjustment Threshold 139

Overflow Detection 139

Restrictions for MPLS-TE Automatic Bandwidth 140

Point-to-Multipoint Traffic-Engineering 140

Point-to-Multipoint Traffic-Engineering Overview 140

Point-to-Multipoint RSVP-TE 142

Point-to-Multipoint Fast Reroute 142

Point-to-Multipoint Label Switch Path 143

Path Option for Point-to-Multipoint RSVP-TE 143

MPLS Traffic Engineering Shared Risk Link Groups 145

Explicit Path 145

Fast ReRoute with SRLG Constraints 146

Importance of Protection 148

Delivery of Packets During a Failure 149

Multiple Backup Tunnels Protecting the Same Interface 149

Weighted-SRLG Auto-backup Path Computation 149

SRLG Limitations 150

Soft-Preemption 150

Path Option Attributes 151

Configuration Hierarchy of Path Option Attributes 151

Traffic Engineering Bandwidth and Bandwidth Pools 152

Path Option Switchover 152

Path Option and Path Protection 153

Auto-Tunnel Mesh 153

Destination List (Prefix-List) 154

How to Implement Traffic Engineering 155

Building MPLS-TE Topology 155

Creating an MPLS-TE Tunnel 158

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Configuring Forwarding over the MPLS-TE Tunnel 160

Protecting MPLS Tunnels with Fast Reroute 162

Enabling an AutoTunnel Backup 167

Removing an AutoTunnel Backup 168

Establishing MPLS Backup AutoTunnels to Protect Fast Reroutable TE LSPs 169

Establishing Next-Hop Tunnels with Link Protection 171

Configuring a Prestandard DS-TE Tunnel 173

Configuring an IETF DS-TE Tunnel Using RDM 175

Configuring an IETF DS-TE Tunnel Using MAM 178

Configuring MPLS -TE and Fast-Reroute on OSPF 181

Configuring the Ignore Integrated IS-IS Overload Bit Setting in MPLS-TE 182

Configuring Flexible Name-based Tunnel Constraints 183

Assigning Color Names to Numeric Values 184

Associating Affinity-Names with TE Links 185

Associating Affinity Constraints for TE Tunnels 186

Configuring IS-IS to Flood MPLS-TE Link Information 188

Configuring an OSPF Area of MPLS-TE 189

Configuring Explicit Paths with ABRs Configured as Loose Addresses 191

Configuring MPLS-TE Forwarding Adjacency 192

Configuring a Path Computation Client and Element 193

Configuring a Path Computation Client 193

Configuring a Path Computation Element Address 195

Configuring PCE Parameters 196

Configuring Policy-based Tunnel Selection 198

Configuring Forwarding Path 200

Configuring Path Protection on MPLS-TE 201

Enabling Path Protection for an Interface 202

Assigning a Dynamic Path Option to a Tunnel 203

Forcing a Manual Switchover on a Path-Protected Tunnel 204

Configuring the Delay the Tunnel Takes Before Reoptimization 205

Configuring the Automatic Bandwidth 207

Configuring the Collection Frequency 207

Forcing the Current Application Period to Expire Immediately 208

Configuring the Automatic Bandwidth Functions 209

Configuring the Shared Risk Link Groups 212

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