Texas Instruments Tiva TM4C123GH6PM Manual de usuario

Texas Instruments Incorporated

ROM-TM4C123GH6PM-UG-750

ROM USER’S GUIDE

Tiva™ TM4C123GH6PM

and Thumb are registered trademarks and Cortex is a trademark of ARM Limited. Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.

Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semicon-

ductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this document.

Texas Instruments

108 Wild Basin, Suite 350

Austin, TX 78746

www.ti.com/tiva-c

Revision Information

This is version 750 of this document, last updated on April 8, 2013.

2 April 8, 2013

Table of Contents

Revision Information ............................................... 2

1 Introduction ................................................. 5

2 Boot Loader ................................................. 7

2.1 Introduction .................................................. 7

2.2 Serial Interfaces ............................................... 7

2.3 USB Interface ................................................ 12

3 AES Data Tables .............................................. 27

3.1 Introduction .................................................. 27

3.2 Data Structures ............................................... 27

4 Analog Comparator ............................................ 29

4.1 Introduction .................................................. 29

4.2 Functions ................................................... 29

5 Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) .................................... 35

5.1 Introduction .................................................. 35

5.2 Functions ................................................... 35

6 Controller Area Network (CAN) ...................................... 53

6.1 Introduction .................................................. 53

6.2 Functions ................................................... 54

7 CRC ...................................................... 69

7.1 Introduction .................................................. 69

7.2 Functions ................................................... 69

8 Flash ..................................................... 73

8.1 Introduction .................................................. 73

8.2 Functions ................................................... 73

9 Floating-Point Unit (FPU) ......................................... 81

9.1 Introduction .................................................. 81

9.2 API Functions ................................................ 82

10 GPIO ..................................................... 87

10.1 Introduction .................................................. 87

10.2 Functions ................................................... 87

11 Hibernation Module ............................................ 107

11.1 Introduction .................................................. 107

11.2 Functions ................................................... 108

12 Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) ....................................... 123

12.1 Introduction .................................................. 123

12.2 Functions ................................................... 124

13 Interrupt Controller (NVIC) ........................................ 137

13.1 Introduction .................................................. 137

13.2 Functions ................................................... 137

14 Memory Protection Unit (MPU) ...................................... 145

14.1 Introduction .................................................. 145

14.2 Functions ................................................... 146

15 Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) ...................................... 153

April 8, 2013 3

Table of Contents

15.1 Introduction .................................................. 153

15.2 Functions ................................................... 153

16 Quadrature Encoder (QEI) ........................................ 175

16.1 Introduction .................................................. 175

16.2 Functions ................................................... 175

17 Synchronous Serial Interface (SSI) ................................... 185

17.1 Introduction .................................................. 185

17.2 Functions ................................................... 185

18 System Control ............................................... 197

18.1 Introduction .................................................. 197

18.2 Functions ................................................... 198

19 System Exception Module ........................................ 223

19.1 Introduction .................................................. 223

19.2 API Functions ................................................ 223

20 System Tick (SysTick) ........................................... 227

20.1 Introduction .................................................. 227

20.2 Functions ................................................... 227

21 Timer ..................................................... 231

21.1 Introduction .................................................. 231

21.2 Functions ................................................... 231

22 UART ..................................................... 249

22.1 Introduction .................................................. 249

22.2 Functions ................................................... 249

23 uDMA Controller .............................................. 271

23.1 Introduction .................................................. 271

23.2 Functions ................................................... 273

24 USB Controller ............................................... 297

24.1 Introduction .................................................. 297

24.2 Using USB with the uDMA Controller ................................... 298

24.3 Functions ................................................... 302

25 Watchdog Timer .............................................. 341

25.1 Introduction .................................................. 341

25.2 Functions ................................................... 341

IMPORTANT NOTICE ............................................... 352

4 April 8, 2013

Introduction

1 Introduction

The TM4C123GH6PM ROM contains the TivaWare™ Peripheral Driver Library and the TivaWare

Boot Loader. The peripheral driver library can be utilized by applications to reduce their ﬂash

footprint, allowing the ﬂash to be used for other purposes (such as additional features in the appli-

cation). The boot loader is used as an initial program loader (when the ﬂash is empty) as well as

an application-initiated ﬁrmware upgrade mechanism (by calling back to the boot loader).

There is a table at the beginning of the ROM that points to the entry points for the APIs that are

provided in the ROM. Accessing the API through these tables provides scalability; while the API

locations may change in future versions of the ROM, the API tables will not. The tables are split

into two levels; the main table contains one pointer per peripheral which points to a secondary table

that contains one pointer per API that is associated with that peripheral. The main table is located

at 0x0100.0010, right after the Cortex-M4 vector table in the ROM.

The following table shows a small portion of the API tables in a graphical form that helps to illustrate

the arrangement of the tables:

ROM_APITABLE (at 0x0100.0010)

[0] = ROM_VERSION

[1] = pointer to ROM_UARTTABLE

[2] = pointer to ROM_SSITABLE

[3] = pointer to ROM_I2CTABLE

[4] = pointer to ROM_GPIOTABLE =⇒ROM_GPIOTABLE

[5] = pointer to ROM_ADCTABLE [0] = pointer to ROM_GPIOPinWrite

[6] = pointer to ROM_COMPARATORTABLE [1] = pointer to ROM_GPIODirModeSet

[7] = pointer to ROM_FLASHTABLE [2] = pointer to ROM_GPIODirModeGet

... ...

From this, the address of the ROM_GPIOTABLE table is located in the memory location at

0x0100.0020. The address of the ROM_GPIODirModeSet() function is contained at offset 0x4

from that table. In the function documentation, this is represented as:

ROM_APITABLE is an array of pointers located at 0x0100.0010.

ROM_GPIOTABLE is an array of pointers located at ROM_APITABLE[4].

ROM_GPIODirModeSet is a function pointer located at ROM_GPIOTABLE[1].

The TivaWare Peripheral Driver Library contains a ﬁle called driverlib/rom.h that assists with

calling the peripheral driver library functions in the ROM. The naming conventions for the tables

and APIs that are used in this document match those used in that ﬁle.

The following is an example of calling the ROM_GPIODirModeSet() function:

#define TARGET_IS_BLIZZARD_RB1

#include <stdbool.h>

#include <stdint.h>

#include "inc/hw_memmap.h"

#include "driverlib/gpio.h"

#include "driverlib/rom.h"

int

main(void)

{

// ...

April 8, 2013 5

Introduction

ROM_GPIODirModeSet(GPIO_PORTA_BASE, GPIO_PIN_0, GPIO_DIR_MODE_OUT);

// ....

}

See the “Using the ROM” chapter of the TivaWare Peripheral Driver Library User’s Guide for more

details on calling the ROM functions and using driverlib/rom.h.

The API provided by the ROM can be utilized by any compiler so long as it complies with the

Embedded Applications Binary Interface (EABI), which includes all recent compilers for the Cortex-

M4 microcontroller.

Documentation Overview

The ROM-based TivaWare Boot Loader is described in chapter 2, and the ROM-based TivaWare

Peripheral Driver Library is described in chapters 3through 25.

6 April 8, 2013

Boot Loader

2 Boot Loader

Introduction ...............................................................................................7

Serial Interfaces ...........................................................................................7

USB .....................................................................................................12

2.1 Introduction

The ROM-based boot loader is executed each time the device is reset when the ﬂash is empty.

The ﬂash is assumed to be empty if the ﬁrst two words are all ones (since the second word is the

reset vector address, it must be programmed for an application in ﬂash to execute). When run, it

will allow the ﬂash to be updated using one of the following interfaces:

UART0 using a custom serial protocol

SSI0 using a custom serial protocol

I2C0 using a custom serial protocol

USB using DFU protocol

The USB portion of the boot loader must run with the main PLL enabled which requires not only

that the boot loader detect if a crystal is present, but also determine the frequency of the attached

crystal to properly conﬁgure the main PLL. This crystal detection algorithm is only run when the

boot loader does not ﬁnd a valid application and is not run when the boot loader is called from an

application. The device is conﬁgured to run from the PLL when there is a valid external crystal for

USB operation as speciﬁed in the data sheet.

The LM Flash Programmer GUI can be used to download an application via the boot loader over

the UART or USB interface on a PC. The LM Flash Programmer utility is available for download

from www.ti.com/tiva-c.

2.2 Serial Interfaces

The serial interfaces used to communicate with the boot loader share a common protocol and differ

only in the physical connections and signaling used to transfer the bytes of the protocol.

2.2.1 UART Interface

The UART pins U0Tx and U0Rx are used to communicate with the boot loader. The device com-

municating with the boot loader is responsible for driving the U0Rx pin, while the microcontroller

drives the U0Tx pin.

The serial data format is ﬁxed at 8 data bits, no parity, and one stop bit. An auto-baud feature is

used to determine the baud rate at which data is transmitted. Because the system clock must be at

least 32 times the baud rate, the maximum baud rate that can be used is 500 Kbaud (which is 16

MHz divided by 32).

When an application calls back to the ROM-based boot loader to start an update over the UART

port, the auto-baud feature is bypassed, along with UART conﬁguration and pin conﬁguration.

April 8, 2013 7

Boot Loader

Therefore, the UART must be conﬁgured and the UART pins switched to their hardware function

before calling the boot loader.

2.2.2 SSI Interface

The SSI pins SSIFss,SSIClk,SSITx, and SSIRx are used to communicate with the boot loader.

The device communicating with the boot loader is responsible for driving the SSIRx,SSIClk, and

SSIFss pins, while the microcontroller drives the SSITx pin.

The serial data format is ﬁxed to the Motorola format with SPH set to 1 and SPO set to 1 (see the

data sheet for more information on this format). Since the system clock must be at least 12 times

the serial clock rate, the maximum serial clock rate that can be used is 1.3 MHz (which is 16 MHz

divided by 12).

When an application calls back to the ROM-based boot loader to start an update over the SSI port,

the SSI conﬁguration and pin conﬁguration is bypassed. Therefore, the SSI port must be conﬁgured

and the SSI pins switched to their hardware function before calling the boot loader.

2.2.3 I2C Interface

The I2C pins I2CSCL and I2CSDA are used to communicate with the boot loader. The device

communicating with the boot loader must operate as the I2C master and provide the I2CSCL signal.

The I2CSDA pin is open-drain and can be driven by either the master or the slave I2C device.

The I2C interface can run at up to 400 KHz, the maximum rate supported by the I2C protocol. The

boot loader uses an I2C slave address of 0x42.

When an application calls back to the ROM-based boot loader to start an update over the I2C port,

the I2C conﬁguration and pin conﬁguration is bypassed. Therefore, the I2C port must be conﬁgured,

the I2C slave address set, and the I2C pins switched to their hardware function before calling the

boot loader. Additionally, the I2C master must be enabled since it is used to detect start and stop

conditions on the I2C bus.

2.2.4 Serial Protocol

The boot loader uses well-deﬁned packets on the serial interfaces to ensure reliable communica-

tions with the update program. The packets are always acknowledged or not acknowledged by the

communicating devices. The packets use the same format for receiving and sending packets. This

includes the method used to acknowledge successful or unsuccessful reception of a packet. While

the actual signaling on the serial ports is different, the packet format remains independent of the

method of transporting the data.

The following steps must be performed to successfully send a packet:

1. Send the size of the packet that will be sent to the device. The size is always the number of

bytes of data + 2 bytes.

2. Send the checksum of the data buffer to help ensure proper transmission of the command.

The checksum is simply a sum of the data bytes.

3. Send the actual data bytes.

8 April 8, 2013

Boot Loader

4. Wait for a single-byte acknowledgment from the device that it either properly received the data

or that it detected an error in the transmission.

The following steps must be performed to successfully receive a packet:

1. Wait for non-zero data to be returned from the device. This is important as the device may

send zero bytes between a sent and received data packet. The ﬁrst non-zero byte received

will be the size of the packet that is being received.

2. Read the next byte which will be the checksum for the packet.

3. Read the data bytes from the device. There will be packet size - 2 bytes of data sent during

the data phase. For example, if the packet size was 3, then there is only 1 byte of data to be

received.

4. Calculate the checksum of the data bytes and ensure that it matches the checksum received

in the packet.

5. Send an acknowledge (ACK) or not-acknowledge (NAK) to the device to indicate the success-

ful or unsuccessful reception of the packet.

An acknowledge packet is sent whenever a packet is successfully received and veriﬁed by the boot

loader. A not-acknowledge packet is sent whenever a sent packet is detected to have an error,

usually as a result of a checksum error or just malformed data in the packet. This allows the sender

to re-transmit the previous packet.

The following commands are used by the custom protocol:

COMMAND_PING

= 0x20

This command is used to receive an acknowledge from the boot

loader indicating that communication has been established. This

command is a single byte.

The format of the command is as follows:

uint8_t pui8Command[1];

pui8Command[0] = COMMAND_PING;

April 8, 2013 9

Boot Loader

COMMAND_DOWNLOAD

= 0x21

This command is sent to the boot loader to indicate where

to store data and how many bytes will be sent by the

COMMAND_SEND_DATA commands that follow. The command

consists of two 32-bit values that are both transferred MSB ﬁrst.

The ﬁrst 32-bit value is the address to start programming data

into, while the second is the 32-bit size of the data that will be

sent. This command also triggers a mass erase of the ﬂash,

which causes the command to take longer to send the ACK/NAK

in response to the command. This command should be followed

by a COMMAND_GET_STATUS to ensure that the program ad-

dress and program size were valid for the microcontroller running

the boot loader.

The format of the command is as follows:

uint8_t pui8Command[9];

pui8Command[0] = COMMAND_DOWNLOAD;

pui8Command[1] = Program Address [31:24];

pui8Command[2] = Program Address [23:16];

pui8Command[3] = Program Address [15:8];

pui8Command[4] = Program Address [7:0];

pui8Command[5] = Program Size [31:24];

pui8Command[6] = Program Size [23:16];

pui8Command[7] = Program Size [15:8];

pui8Command[8] = Program Size [7:0];

COMMAND_RUN

= 0x22

This command is sent to the boot loader to transfer execution

control to the speciﬁed address. The command is followed by a

32-bit value, transferred MSB ﬁrst, that is the address to which

execution control is transferred.

The format of the command is as follows:

uint8_t pui8Command[5];

pui8Command[0] = COMMAND_RUN;

pui8Command[1] = Run Address [31:24];

pui8Command[2] = Run Address [23:16];

pui8Command[3] = Run Address [15:8];

pui8Command[4] = Run Address [7:0];

10 April 8, 2013

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