Novell ZENWORKS APPLICATION VIRTUALIZATION 8.0 -... Manual de usuario

Novell®

www.novell.com

novdocx (en) 7 January 2010

AUTHORIZED DOCUMENTATION

ZENworks Application Virtualization User Guide

ZENworks Application Virtualization

8.0

April 12, 2010

User Guide

novdocx (en) 7 January 2010

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2

Overview

Novell ZENworks Application Virtualization

Thank you for using Novell ZENworks Application Virtualization!

This product will allow you to convert your Windows, .NET, Java, Flash, Shockwave, or other Windows-

compatible application into a self-contained virtual application which runs instantly on end-user devices. Unlike

traditional deployment methods, virtual applications do not require separate setup steps for external components

and runtimes, reboots, or administrative privileges, and are isolated from other system applications, preventing

DLL conflicts and other deployment nightmares.

This guide explains how to use Novell ZENworks Application Virtualization to create your own virtual applications

and begin enjoying the benefits of this superior next-generation deployment technology.

2.1

Overview

Novell ZENworks Application Virtualization

virtual application is a virtual machine image pre-configured with all of the files, registry data, settings,

components, runtimes, and other dependencies required for a specific application to execute immediately. Virtual

applications allow application publishers and IT administrators to significantly reduce the costs and complexity

associated with development, setup, configuration, deployment, and maintenance of software applications.

For example, a publisher of an application based on the Microsoft .NET Framework or Java runtime engine might

create a virtual application combining the application with the required runtime engine. Using this virtual

application, an end-user can run the application immediately, even if the user has not installed the required

runtime engine, or has an incompatible runtime engine installed. Note that this has both improved the user

experience and reduced test and support complexity associated with deploying the application.

Furthermore, because virtual applications are isolated execution environments, it is possible to concurrently

execute multiple applications which would otherwise interfere with one another. For example, applications which

overwrite system DLLs or require different runtime engine versions can all run simultaneously on a single host

device. As an additional advantage, virtual applications can provide access to internal virtualized copies of

privileged system resources, allowing unprivileged users to directly execute many applications without security

exceptions or irritating Vista UAC prompts.

Unlike other virtualization systems, ZENworks virtual application technology:

Does not require any "player" software or separate installation: ZENworks virtual applications are executable

files that run immediately on the end-user machine, just like a native executable.

Do not incur significant processing or filesystem overhead: ZENworks application virtualization technology

allows applications to run with essentially the same performance characteristics as when executed natively.

Does not require any operating system to be installed onto the virtual application: ZENworks virtual

applications provide all required virtualized OS functionality within the internal virtual environment.

2.2

What is a virtual application?

Novell ZENworks Application Virtualization

Use your new ZENworks virtual application to:

Deploy your application in a single executable that runs immediately: Improve the user download

and startup experience by packaging all application files, registry settings, runtimes, and components into a

single executable that runs immediately.

Run Java and .NET without separate runtime installations: Your Java and/or .NET-based

application runs immediately, just like a native executable, with no separate installation steps or runtime

versioning conflicts. Execute multiple runtime versions concurrently with no conflicts.

Improve desktop security: Execute your applications without granting administrative permissions to

end-users. Stabilize desktop images by deploying applications in sandboxed ZENworks virtual applications.

Eliminate third-party setup dependencies: Integrate third-party components, COM/VB controls, and

content viewers such as Acrobat, Flash, and Shockwave, directly into your application.

Eliminate Vista UAC prompts and compatibility: Deploying in a ZENworks virtual

application eliminates requirements for access to privileged system resources, relieving users of annoying

Vista UAC prompts.

Leverage Terminal Services and Citrix investments: By isolating applications from global resource

areas, ZENworks virtual application technology allows non-compliant applications to function properly in

Terminal Server and Citrix environments.

Deploy instantly on USB drives: Improve mobile worker productivity by placing your ZENworks virtual

application onto a USB flash-memory drive. Run your application immediately on remote PCs, with no

installation steps, administrative privileges or driver installations.

Dramatically reduce test and support costs: At last, no more "DLL hell", "policy hell", versioning

and dependency conflicts, etc. Reduce test complexity and eliminate support requests associated with

dependency installation and inter-application resource conflicts.

2.3

ZENworks virtual application usage scenarios

Novell ZENworks Application Virtualization

No. Unlike some other virtualization solutions, application virtualization takes place entire in user-mode. No

device drivers are installed or required.

2.4

Do ZENworks virtual applications require any device drivers?

Novell ZENworks Application Virtualization

Unlike hardware virtualization systems such as Microsoft Virtual PC and VMware, the application virtualization

system works at the application level and virtualizes only those operating system features required for application

execution. This allows virtualized applications to operate extremely efficiently, with essentially the same

performance characteristics as native executables.

Advantages of application virtualization over hardware virtualization include:

Extremely high performance: ZENworks virtual applications execute at essentially the same speed as applications

running natively against the host hardware, with only a small additional memory footprint. On the other hand,

applications running within hardware-virtualized environments experience significant slowdowns and impose a

large memory footprint because the virtual machine includes and virtualizes an entire host operating system.

Dramatically reduced application size: ZENworks virtual applications only require a disk footprint

proportional to the size of the virtualized application, data, and included components. As a result, ZENworks

virtual applications are typically small enough to be conveniently and quickly downloaded by end-

users. Because hardware virtualization requires inclusion of an entire host operating system image, including

many basic subsystems which will already present on the end-user device, hardware virtualization typically

requires gigabytes of storage per virtual machine.

Ability to run dozens of virtualized applications: Because of its low-overhead characteristics, it is easily

possible to run dozens of concurrent ZENworks virtual environments per processor. Conversely, due to the

high overhead of hardware virtualization, it is generally possible only to run a very small number of hardware-

virtualized environments per processor.

Reduced licensing costs: Because ZENworks virtual applications do not contain a host operating system, it is

not necessary to purchase separate operating system licenses to use a ZENworks virtual application. hardware

virtualization systems require a host operating system in order function, possibly imposing additional

licensing costs and restrictions.

However, hardware virtualization is appropriate in certain specialized scenarios:

Non-Windows operating systems: ZENworks virtual applications execute only on the Windows operating

system. Hardware virtualization can execute any operating system compatible with the underlying virtualized

hardware, such as Linux.

Kernel mode virtualization: The ZENworks application virtualization engine only virtualizes user-mode

operating system features, whereas hardware virtualization systems emulate the entire OS stack, including

kernel mode components. Applications requiring device drivers or other non-user-

mode software may require

a hardware-virtualized environment to function properly.

You should carefully evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of different virtualization approaches before

deciding on a technology to adopt for your deployment scenario.

2.5

How is application virtualization different from hardware

virtualization?

Novell ZENworks Application Virtualization

ZENworks Application Virtualization supports the following platforms for virtual application build, snapshotting,

and execution:

Windows XP Professional

Windows Embedded XP

Windows 2000 Professional

Windows 2000 Server

Windows Server 2003 Standard and Enterprise editions

Windows Vista Business, Ultimate, and Enterprise editions

Windows Server 2008

ZENworks Application Virtualization supports these operating systems running within VMware and

Microsoft hardware virtualization and hypervisor environments.

ZENworks Application Virtualization also has limited support for the Windows Preinstallation

Environment (WinPE), though certain applications depending on operating system features unavailable in WinPE

may not function properly.

ZENworks Application Virtualization creates 32-bit executables, which can be run under 32-bit mode on x64-

based platforms.

2.6

What platforms are supported?

Novell ZENworks Application Virtualization

application virtualization is related to application streaming systems such as Microsoft's SoftGrid in that

virtualization takes place at the application level. However, unlike application streaming systems, application

virtualization:

Does not require any specialized streaming servers: Streaming systems use specialized streaming servers to

deliver application blocks to clients. ZENworks virtual applications are designed to stream to clients using

standard SMB-based file shares, allowing them to be hosted on any Windows host, DFS share, or Linux

Samba server.

Does not require any client installation or device drivers: Streaming systems require that specialized client

software be installed on each end-user device before clients can access hosted applications. Some streaming

systems further require installation of client device drivers before use. Because the ZENworks application

virtualization engine kernel is embedded and implemented entirely in user mode, ZENworks virtual

applications run immediately, with no client installation or device drivers.

Works both offline and online: Many streaming systems require that clients be connected to the streaming

server to access applications. Because ZENworks virtual applications are standalone executables, virtual

applications can be copied to laptops, USB keys, and other mobile devices for execution both on and off the

network.

Does not require any additional server systems: Most streaming solutions require that Active Directory or

other infrastructure services be deployed as a prerequisite to application deployment. Because ZENworks

virtual applications are standalone executables, no separate server systems need be purchased or deployed.

Note that ZENworks virtual applications can optionally be configured to take advantage of Active Directory

and SMS infrastructure, if these are present.

application virtualization can be used in concert with application streaming systems: Virtualized applications can

themselves be streamed, combining the network transport optimizations of the streaming solution with the

isolation, compatibility, and offline execution capabilities of application virtualization. This approach also allows

enterprises with a heterogeneous IT infrastructure to enjoy the advantages of application virtualization, even in

their non-Active Directory environments.

2.7

How is application virtualization different from application

streaming?

Novell ZENworks Application Virtualization

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