Novell IDENTITY MANAGER 3.6.1 - ENTITLEMENTS Manual de usuario

Novell®

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novdocx (en) 13 May 2009

AUTHORIZED DOCUMENTATION

Identity Manager 3.6.1 Entitlements Guide

Identity Manager

3.6.1

June 05, 2009

Entitlements Guide

novdocx (en) 13 May 2009

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4Identity Manager 3.6.1 Entitlements Guide

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Contents 5

Contents

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About This Guide 7

1 Entitlements Overview 9

1.1 How Entitlements Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.2 Why Use Entitlements? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

1.3 Drivers with Preconfigured Entitlements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

2 Checklist for Implementing Entitlements 13

3 Enabling Entitlements on a Driver 15

3.1 Using Designer to Enable Entitlements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

3.2 Using iManager to Enable Entitlements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

4 Creating Entitlements 17

4.1 Sample Entitlements for the Active Directory Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

4.2 Creating Entitlements in Designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

4.2.1 Administrator-Defined Entitlements with Value Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

4.2.2 Administrator-Defined Entitlements without Value Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

4.2.3 Valued Entitlement that Queries an External Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

4.3 Creating Entitlements in iManager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

5 Creating Policies to Support Entitlements 27

6 Editing Entitlements 29

6.1 Editing Entitlements in Designer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

6.1.1 Using the Entitlement Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

6.1.2 Using the XML Source and XML Tree Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

6.2 Editing Entitlements in iManager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

A Writing Entitlements in XML 35

A.1 Novell Entitlement Document Type Definition (DTD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

A.1.1 Explaining the Entitlement DTD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

A.1.2 Other Headings in the DTD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

A.2 Examples to Help You Write Your Own Entitlements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

A.2.1 Example 1: Account Entitlement: Valueless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

A.2.2 Example 2: Application Query Entitlement: External Query . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

A.2.3 Example 3: Administrator-Defined Entitlement: With Lists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

A.2.4 Example 4: Administrator-Defined Entitlements: Without Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

6Identity Manager 3.6.1 Entitlements Guide

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About This Guide 7

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About This Guide

The guide explains how to create and use entitlements as part of your Identity Manager solution.

Chapter 1, “Entitlements Overview,” on page 9

Chapter 2, “Checklist for Implementing Entitlements,” on page 13

Chapter 3, “Enabling Entitlements on a Driver,” on page 15

Chapter 4, “Creating Entitlements,” on page 17

Chapter 5, “Creating Policies to Support Entitlements,” on page 27

Appendix A, “Writing Entitlements in XML,” on page 35

Audience

This guide is intended for Identity Manager administrators, partners, and consultants.

Feedback

We want to hear your comments and suggestions about this manual and the other documentation

included with this product. Please use the User Comments feature at the bottom of each page of the

online documentation, or go to www.novell.com/documentation/feedback.html and enter your

comments there.

Documentation Updates

For the most recent version of the Entitlements Guide, visit the Identity Manager Documentation

Web site (http://www.novell.com/documentation/idm36/).

Additional Documentation

For additional Identity Manager 3.6 documentation, see the Identity Manager Documentation Web

site (http://www.novell.com/documentation/idm36/).

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8Identity Manager 3.6.1 Entitlements Guide

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Entitlements Overview

novdocx (en) 13 May 2009

Entitlements Overview

Novell®Identity Manager uses entitlements as a way for you to provide users with access to

resources in connected systems.

You can think of an entitlement as a permission slip. For example, if you want a new employee to be

given an Active Directory* account when he or she is added to your Human Resource system, the

user must have a permission slip, or entitlement, for the Active Directory account. If the user doesn’t

have the permission slip, he or she doesn’t receive the account.

The following sections explain how entitlements work and how they make administration of your

Identity Manager system more efficient.

Section 1.1, “How Entitlements Work,” on page 9

Section 1.2, “Why Use Entitlements?,” on page 10

Section 1.3, “Drivers with Preconfigured Entitlements,” on page 11

1.1 How Entitlements Work

The following diagram shows the basic entitlement process.

Figure 1-1 Overview of Entitlements

1. An entitlement agent grants an entitlement to a user. There are three ways that entitlements are

granted to a user:

Role-Based Entitlements: The Entitlements Service driver grants the entitlement based

on criteria that place the user in a particular role (or group). The criteria can be based on

any event that occurs in the Identity Vault. For example, adding a new employee in an HR

system causes a User object to be created in the Identity Vault. Creation of the new User

object is the criterion that causes the Entitlements Service driver to grant the Active

Directory User Account entitlement to the user.

User Application Roles Based Provisioning: The user receives a role assignment

through the User Application. The User Application’s Role Service driver grants the user

any entitlements associated with the new role. For example, a user is assigned an

10 Identity Manager 3.6.1 Entitlements Guide

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Accountant role that requires access to the Accounting group in Active Directory. The

Role Service driver grants the Active Directory Group Membership entitlement to the

user.

User Application Workflow-Based Provisioning: A provisioning workflow grants the

entitlement to the user. For example, a new employee is added to the HR system, which

causes a User object to be created in the Identity Vault. Creation of the new User object

initiates a workflow that grants the Active Directory User Account entitlement to the user.

2. When an entitlement is added to or removed from a user’s DirXML-EntitlementRef attribute,

any entitlement-enabled drivers begin to process the event. Only drivers that have the DirXML-

EntitlementRef attribute added to their Subscriber channel filter can monitor users for

entitlement changes.

3. The driver processes the entitlement event against the Subscriber channel policies. If the

entitlement event is for an entitlement that applies to the driver, the policies are processed.

Otherwise, no processing occurs. In the diagram above, the Grant User Account policy is

processed because 1) the Active Directory User Account entitlement was added to the user’s

DirXML-EntitlementRef attribute and 2) the User Account entitlement is defined on the Active

Directory driver. If the Active Directory User Account entitlement is later removed from the

user’s DirXML-EntitlementRef attribute, the Revoke User Account policy is processed.

4. The policies trigger the granting or revoking of access to the entitled resource. In the diagram

above, the Grant User Account policy triggers the creation of a user account in Active

Directory.

1.2 Why Use Entitlements?

Both roles-based provisioning and workflow-based provisioning require the use of entitlements. If

you use either of these User Application provisioning methods, you must use entitlements.

If you are not using the User Application for roles-based or workflow-based provisioning, you might

still want to use Role-Based Entitlements (RBEs) through the Entitlements Service driver. Using

Role-Based Entitlements enables you to remove the business logic, or decision-making, from your

driver policies. In the example used in Section 1.1, “How Entitlements Work,” on page 9, the Active

Directory driver policies include only the information required to grant or revoke an Active

Directory user account. The decision about whether or not a user receives an Active Directory user

account is handled through the entitlement agent, not the driver policies. In this case, the entitlement

agent is the Entitlements Service driver.

Removing the business logic from drivers provides several benefits:

If you have multiple drivers that are the same (for example, multiple Active Directory drivers)

and your business logic changes, you don’t have to change the logic in each driver. The logic

only needs to change in the entitlement agent.

You can use any of the three entitlement agents to grant an entitlement to a user. You can even

use all three entitlement agents together. However, you should have only one entitlement agent

handle an entitlement for a given user. For example, you could have an Active Directory User

Account entitlement granted to a user by the Entitlement driver and a Linux User Account

entitlement granted to the same user through the User Application’s Role Service driver.

However, you should not have the same entitlement (for example, the Active Directory User

Account) managed by both the Entitlement driver and the User Application’s Role Service

driver. Doing so can cause unintended granting and revoking of the entitlement.

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