Delta OHM HD 2013 Series Manual de usuario

Operating manual

Tipping bucket rain gauge

2013

www.deltaohm.com

English

Keep for future reference.

HD2013- 2-V1.5

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................... 3

2TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS............................................................................... 4

3INSTALLATION ..................................................................................................... 6

3.1 ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS..................................................................................... 6

3.2 CONFIGURATION OF ANALOG OUTPUT ......................................................................... 9

3.3 TIPPING BUCKET................................................................................................ 10

3.4 INSTALLATION MODES ......................................................................................... 11

4SERIAL COMMANDS............................................................................................ 14

5SDI-12 PROTOCOL.............................................................................................. 20

6MAINTENANCE.................................................................................................... 27

7INSTRUMENT STORAGE ...................................................................................... 29

8SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS...................................................................................... 29

9ORDERING CODES .............................................................................................. 30

HD2013- 3-V1.5

1INTRODUCTION

The HD2013 is a reliable and sturdy tipping bucket rain gauge, built entirely from cor-

rosion resistant materials in order to guarantee its durability. So as to ensure accurate

measurement even with low temperature climatic conditions or during and after pre-

cipitations of snow, a version with heating which is automatically activated around

+4 °C has been developed so that snow deposits and ice formations are prevented.

The rain gauge is formed by a metal base on which a tipping bucket is set. The rain

collector cone, fixed to the aluminium cylinder, channels the water inside the tipping

bucket: once the predefined level is reached, the calibrated bucked rotates under the

action of its own weight, discharging the water. During the rotation phase, the nor-

mally closed reed contact opens for a fraction of a second, sending an impulse to the

counter.

The quantity of rainfall measured is based on the count of the number of times the

bucket is emptied: the reed contacts, normally closed, open at the moment of the rota-

tion between one bucket’s section and the other. The number of impulses can be de-

tected and recorded by a data logger (e.g. HD2013-DB) or by a pulse counter.

The rain gauge is available with optional analog output at choice between 4…20 mA

(HD2013…A…) or 0…10 Vdc (HD2013…V…) or with optional SDI-12 digital output

(HD2013…S…).

The version with 4…20 mA output and the version with SDI-12 output require 7…30 Vdc

power supply. The version with 0…10 Vdc output requires 13…30 Vdc power supply. The

versions with analog or SDI-12 output are equipped with a backup battery that allows

maintaining the rainfall information even after short power supply outages (at least 10

seconds for the versions with analog output, approx. 5 minutes for the version with

SDI-12 output).

A removable filter for periodic cleaning and maintenance is inserted in the water col-

lector cone so as to prevent leaves or other elements blocking the end of the hole.

For a better water flow, the collecting cone is treated with a non-adherent product.

In the version with heating HD2013…R…, the heating circuit operates with 12 Vdc or

24 Vdc direct voltage (to be specified when ordering) and absorbs about 165W.

Heating is activated around +4 °C.

When submitting your order, upon request a bird dissuader, made of eight 3 mm

diameter spikes, 60 mm in height, can be installed on the rain gauge.

HD2013- 4-V1.5

2TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Power supply

basic version

---

with heating

12 or 24 Vdc ±10% depending on model

with analog output

7…30 Vdc (4…20 mA version) / 13…30 Vdc (0…10 V version)

with SDI-12 output

7…30 Vdc

Consumption

basic version

---

with heating

165 W

with analog output

26 mA max. @ 18 Vdc (4…20 mA version) / ≈ 4 mA @ 18 Vdc (0…10 V version)

with SDI-12 output

≈ 100 µA @ 18 Vdc

Contact output

NC contact (opens during tipping).

With analog or SDI-12 output options, the contact output is alternative to

the analog or SDI-12 output and the rain gauge is factory-configured

with analog or SDI-12 output.

Analog output 4…20 mA (only HD2013…A…) or 0…10 V (only HD2013…V…)

Digital output SDI-12 (only HD2013…S…)

Resolution 0.1 – 0.2 or 0.5 mm/tip depending on model

Accuracy

Version with 0.2 mm @ 50 mm/h nominal resolution:

< 1% up to 30 mm/h

< 2% up to 40 mm/h

< 3% up to 60 mm/h

< 4% up to 100 mm/h

Version with 0.5 mm @ 50 mm/h nominal resolution:

+ 2…-3,5% in the interval 0…200 mm/h

The error refers to the calculation of the amount of rain using the resolution

stated in the rain gauge label.

If the amount of rain is calculated using the correction curves as a function of

the rainfall rate (fig. 1 and 2), the error is typically less than ± 2% in the in-

terval 0…200 mm/h.

If the HD2013-DB data logger is used, the measurement can be automatically

corrected according to the graphs in fig. 1 and 2.

With the analog and SDI-12 output options, the curve can be stored in the rain

gauge itself (on request when ordering).

Maximum rainfall rate 600 mm/h (version with 0.2 mm nominal resolution)

1000 mm/h (version with 0.5 mm nominal resolution)

Operating temperature

without heating

0…+70 °C

with heating

-20…+70 °C (heating intervention temperature +4 °C)

Protection degree IP 64

Collector area 400 cm2

Minimum section of the

connecting cable wires 0.5 mm2for the version without heating

2.5 mm2for the version with heating

HD2013- 5-V1.5

Fig. 1 – Normalized resolution (0.2 mm @ 50 mm/h) as a function of the rainfall rate

Fig. 2 – Normalized resolution (0.5 mm @ 50 mm/h) as a function of the rainfall rate

To correct the measurement depending on the rainfall rate, it is necessary to log, in

addition to the number of pulses, also the instants at which the pulses occur.

Example of measurement correction:

Let’s assume that a rain gauge with nominal resolution RN = 0.204 mm @ 50 mm/h

has generated 25 pulses at the frequency of 1 pulse every 50 seconds.

The rainfall rate can be estimated considering the nominal resolution RNand the inter-

val between two successive pulses: I = 0.204 x 3600 / 50 ≈ 14.7 mm/h.

From the graph in fig.1 we obtain the normalized corrected resolution: RCn = 0.198 mm.

The corrected resolution of the rain gauge is: RC= RCn x RN/ 0.2 = 0.202 mm.

The amount of rain detected is 25 x 0.202 = 5.05 mm.

Rainfall rate (mm/h)

Normalized resolution (mm)

Rainfall rate (mm/h)

Normalized resolution (mm)

HD2013- 6-V1.5

3INSTALLATION

The rain gauge is supplied already calibrated and the calibration value (resolution) is

shown on the instrument label.

The instrument must be installed in an open area, away from buildings, trees, etc.,

ensuring the space over it is free from all objects which could obstruct rain measure-

ments, and in an easily accessible position for the filter to be cleaned periodically.

Avoid installation in areas exposed to gusts of wind, turbulence (for example the top

of a hill) as these may distort the measurements.

The rain gauge can be installed on the ground or raised 500 mm above the ground.

Other sizes above the ground are available on request.

For ground installation, three adjustable support feet, so that the instrument can be

levelled correctly, and holes for fixing to the floor have been provided.

For raised installations, a collar to be fastened to the base of the instrument, and on

which the support staff must be inserted, is provided. The staff may end with either a

flange so that it can be fixed to the floor, or a tip to be driven into the ground. The

various fastening systems can be seen in the figures 6, 7, 8 and 9.

For the tipping device to function correctly and so for the measurement to be correct,

it is important that the instrument is placed perfectly levelled. The base of the rain

gauge is fitted with a bubble level.

For installation, unscrew the three screws at the base of the cylinder that supports the

water collector cone.

Attention: a heating resistor is fitted around the cone in the heated version. To dis-

connect the cone heater, unplug the connector on the upper side of the terminal block

protection cover (see fig.3).

3.1 ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS

For the version without heating use a 2-wire cable with 0.5 mm2minimum wires sec-

tion, for the version with heating use a 4-wire cable with 2.5 mm2minimum wires sec-

tion.

Use a shielded cable over long distances. Slide the cable through the cable gland and

fasten it with the cable fastener located near the entry hole at the base of the rain

gauge.

Unscrew the terminal block protection cover and perform the connections as shown in

the following figures.

Connection of heating:

The heated version requires power (12 Vdc or 24 Vdc depending on the version sup-

plied) for the resistors: perform the connection as indicated at point 2 of fig.3.

If the connections are set correctly, the LED placed near the terminals will be lit up.

Connection of contact output:

The rain gauge contact output, indicated at point 1 in the figure 3, must be con-

nected to the input of the HD2013-DB rain gauge data logger (please see the

details in the manual of the data logger) or to a pulse counter or to a data logger.

To use the contact output in the versions with analog or SDI-12 output option, set the

HD2013- 7-V1.5

SW1 switch down, towards the EXTERNAL indication (see the figures 4 and 5): the

analog or SDI-12 output is disabled.

Fig. 3 – Connections of contact output and heating

Connection of analog output (only HD2013…A… and HD2013…V…):

Perform the connections as shown in figure 4. Set the SW1 switch up, towards the IN-

TERNAL indication (the contact output is disabled).

Fig. 4 – Connections of analog output

Connector of the

cone heater

RESET line

GND

Analog output positive

Power supply positive

SW1 switch

HD2013- 8-V1.5

The current analog output is active. The maximum value of the load resistance de-

pends on the power supply value:

RLmax = 50 x (Vdc – 7) Ω

The minimum value of the load resistance for the version with voltage analog output is

10 KΩ.

In case of a measurement error, the analog output goes to the value 22 mA or 11 V.

The reset line allows the partial amount of rainfall measurement (amount of rainfall from

the last reset command) to be remotely reset. During the measurement, the reset line

must be connected to GND. To reset, disconnect the line from GND and apply a direct

voltage of at least 3 Vdc (and lower than or equal to the power supply) for at least 1 s,

then reconnect the line to GND.

Connection of SDI-12 digital output (only HD2013…S…):

Perform the connections as shown in figure 5. Set the SW1 switch up, towards the IN-

TERNAL indication (the contact output is disabled).

Fig. 5 – Connections of SDI-12 digital output

The reset line is not used in the version with digital output: the reset is performed with

the appropriate SDI-12 extended command (aRES!, with a=address of the rain gauge).

Not connected

GND

SDI-12 output positive

Power supply positive

SW1 switch

To SDI-12 bus

HD2013- 9-V1.5

Connection of the optional CPM12AA4.x cable to the rain gauges with analog

or SDI-12 output option:

Connector pin Function Wire color

1 Power supply positive (+Vdc) Red

2 GND Blue

3 Analog or SDI-12 output positive (OUT) White

4 Cable shield Black

The cable shield (black wire) can be left disconnected inside the rain gauge (isolate or

cut the wire terminal to avoid unwanted contacts).

3.2 CONFIGURATION OF ANALOG OUTPUT

The analog output is proportional to the partial amount of rainfall (amount of rainfall

from the last reset command). The analog output full scale (20 mA or 10 V) can be as-

sociated with different values of rainfall. The association can be implemented via hardware,

by using the dip switches on the circuit board, or via software, by connecting the serial

communication port COM PC of the rain gauge to the PC.

The dip switches allow setting three rainfall values: 25, 100 or 250 mm (1, 5 or 10

inches if the set unit of measurement is “inches”), as shown in figure 6.

If both the dip switches are set to ON, the rainfall value considered is the one set via

serial port with the command CRW (see the table of the serial commands).

Fig. 6 – Dip switches

Warning: after reaching the full scale value, the measurement is reset and

the analog output returns to the initial scale value.

COM PC serial port

Connector

reference

Female connector

outside view

HD2013- 10 -V1.5

3.3 TIPPING BUCKET

The tipping bucket is locked for the transport of the rain gauge. To unlock the bucket,

remove the holders as shown in fig.7.

Fig. 7 – Locking and unlocking the tipping bucket

The oscillation of the tipping bucket can be adjusted through the two threaded rods

located under the bucket, as illustrated in fig.8.

Fig. 8 – Adjustment of the tipping bucket

For the

transport

For the

operating

mode

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