Victron energy SmartSolar MPPT 100/50 Manual de usuario

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Appendix

SmartSolar charge controllers

MPPT 100/30 MPPT 100/50

EN NL FR DE ES SE Appendix

1. General Description

1.1 PV voltage up to 100V

The charge controller is able to charge a lower nominal-voltage

battery from a higher nominal voltage PV array.

The controller will automatically adjust to a 12 or 24V nominal

battery voltage.

1.2 Ultra-fast Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT)

Especially in case of a clouded sky, when light intensity is

changing continuously, an ultra fast MPPT controller will improve

energy harvest by up to 30% compared to PWM charge

controllers and by up to 10% compared to slower MPPT

controllers.

1.3 Advanced Maximum Power Point Detection in case of

partial shading conditions

If partial shading occurs, two or more maximum power points may

be present on the power-voltage curve.

Conventional MPPTs tend to lock to a local MPP, which may not

be the optimum MPP.

The innovative SmartSolar algorithm will always maximize energy

harvest by locking to the optimum MPP.

1.4 Outstanding conversion efficiency

No cooling fan. Maximum efficiency exceeds 98%. Full output

current up to 40°C (104°F).

1.5 Extensive electronic protection

Over-temperature protection and power derating when

temperature is high.

PV short circuit and PV reverse polarity protection.

PV reverse current protection.

1.6 Internal temperature sensor

Compensates absorption and float charge voltages for

temperature. (range 6°C to 40°C)

1.7 Optional external voltage and temperature sensor

(range -20°C to 50°C)

The Smart Battery Sense is a wireless battery voltage-and-

temperature sensor for Victron MPPT Solar Chargers. The Solar

Charger uses these measurements to optimize its charge

parameters. The accuracy of the data it transmits will improve

battery charging efficiency, and prolong battery life.

Alternatively, Bluetooth communication can be set up between a

BMV-712 battery monitor with battery temperature sensor and the

solar charge controller (VE.Direct Bluetooth Smart dongle

needed).

For more detail please enter smart networking in the search box

on our website.

1.8 Automatic battery voltage recognition

The controller will automatically adjust itself to a 12V or a 24V

system one time only.

If a different system voltage is required at a later stage, it must be

changed manually, for example with the Bluetooth app.

1.9 Flexible charge algorithm

Fully programmable charge algorithm, and eight preprogrammed

algorithms, selectable with a rotary switch.

1.10 Adaptive three step charging

The Controller is configured for a three-step charging process:

Bulk – Absorption – Float.

1.10.1. Bulk

During this stage the controller delivers as much charge current

as possible to rapidly recharge the batteries.

1.9.2. Absorption

When the battery voltage reaches the absorption voltage setting,

the controller switches to constant voltage mode.

When only shallow discharges occur the absorption time is kept

short in order to prevent overcharging of the battery. After a deep

discharge the absorption time is automatically increased to make

sure that the battery is completely recharged. Additionally, the

absorption period is also ended when the charge current

decreases to less than 2A.

1.10.3. Float

During this stage, float voltage is applied to the battery to

maintain it in a fully charged state.

1.10.4. Equalization

See section 3.8

1.11 Remote on-off

The MPPT 100/50 can be controlled remotely by a VE.Direct non

inverting remote on-off cable (ASS030550300). An input HIGH

(Vi > 8V) will switch the controller on, and an input LOW (Vi < 2V,

or free floating) will switch the controller off.

EN NL FR DE ES SE Appendix

Application example: on/off control by a VE.Bus BMS when

charging Li-ion batteries.

1.12 Configuring and monitoring

Configure the solar charge controller with the VictronConnect

app. Available for iOS & Android devices; as well as macOS and

Windows computers. An accessory might be required; enter

victronconnect in the search box on our website and see the

VictronConnect download page for details.

For simple monitoring, use the MPPT Control; a panel mounted

simple yet effective display that shows all operational parameters.

Full system monitoring including logging to our online portal,

VRM, is done using the GX Product range

Color Control

Venus GX

MPPT Control

2. Safety instructions

SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS - This manual contains

important instructions that shall be followed during

installation and maintenance.

● Please read this manual carefully before the product is

installed and put into use.

● This product is designed and tested in accordance with

international standards. The equipment should be used for

the designated application only.

● Install the product in a heatproof environment. Ensure

therefore that there are no chemicals, plastic parts, curtains or

other textiles, etc. in the immediate vicinity of the equipment.

● Ensure that the equipment is used under the correct operating

conditions. Never operate it in a wet environment.

● Never use the product at sites where gas or dust explosions

could occur.

● Ensure that there is always sufficient free space around the

product for ventilation.

● Refer to the specifications provided by the manufacturer of the

battery to ensure that the battery is suitable for use with this

product. The battery manufacturer's safety instructions should

always be observed.

● Protect the solar modules from direct light during

installation, e.g. cover them.

● Never touch uninsulated cable ends.

● Use only insulated tools.

● Connections must always be made in the sequence described

in section 3.5.

● The installer of the product must provide a means for cable

strain relief to prevent the transmission of stress to the

connections.

● In addition to this manual, the system operation or service

manual must include a battery maintance manual applicable

to the type of batteries used.

Danger of explosion from sparking

Danger of electric shock

EN NL FR DE ES SE Appendix

3. Installation

WARNING: DC (PV) INPUT NOT ISOLATED FROM BATTERY

CIRCUIT.

CAUTION: FOR PROPER TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION

THE AMBIENT CONDITION FOR CHARGER AND BATTERY

MUST BE WITHIN 5°C,

3.1. General

● Mount vertically on a non-flammable substrate, with the power

terminals facing downwards.

● Mount close to the battery, but never directly above the battery

(in order to prevent damage due to gassing of the battery).

● Improper internal temperature compensation (e.g. ambient

condition battery and charger not within 5°C) can lead to reduced

battery lifetime.

We recommend using a direct battery voltage sense source

(BMV, Smart Battery Sense or GX device shared voltage

sense) if larger temperature differences or extreme ambient

temperature conditions are expected

● Battery installation must be done in accordance with the

storage battery rules of the Canadian Electrical Code, Part I.

● The battery and PV connections must be guarded against

inadvertent contact (e.g. install in an enclosure or install the

optional WireBox M).

3.2 Grounding

● Battery grounding: the charger can be installed in a positive or

negative grounded system.

Note: apply a single ground connection (preferably close to the

battery) to prevent malfunctioning of the system.

● Chassis grounding: A separate earth path for the chassis

ground is permitted because it is isolated from the positive and

negative terminal.

● The USA National Electrical Code (NEC) requires the use of an

external ground fault protection device (GFPD). These MPPT

chargers do not have internal ground fault protection. The system

electrical negative

should be bonded through a GFPD to earth ground at one (and

only one) location.

● The charger must not be connected with grounded PV arrays

(one ground connection only)

WARNING: WHEN A GROUND FAULT IS INDICATED,

BATTERY TERMINALS AND CONNECTED CIRCUITS MAY BE

UNGROUNDED AND HAZARDOUS.

3.3 PV configuration (also see the MPPT Excel sheet on

our website)

● Provide a means to disconnect all current-carrying conductors

of a photovoltaic power source from all other conductors in a

building or other structure.

● A switch, circuit breaker, or other device, either ac or dc, shall

not be installed in a grounded conductor if operation of that

switch, circuit breaker, or other device leaves the grounded

conductor in an ungrounded state while the system remains

energized.

● The controller will operate only if the PV voltage exceeds

battery voltage (Vbat).

● PV voltage must exceed Vbat + 5V for the controller to start.

Thereafter minimum PV voltage is Vbat + 1V.

● Maximum open circuit PV voltage: 100V.

For example:

12V battery and mono- or polycristalline panels

● Minimum number of cells in series: 36 (12V panel).

● Recommended number of cells for highest controller efficiency:

72 (2x 12V panel in series or 1x 24V panel).

● Maximum: 144 cells (4x 12V or 2x 24V panel in series).

24V battery and mono- or polycristalline panels

● Minimum number of cells in series: 72 (2x 12V panel in series

or 1x 24V panel).

● Maximum: 144 cells.

Remark: at low temperature the open circuit voltage of a 144 cell

solar array may exceed 100V, depending on local conditions and

cell specifications. In that case the number of cells in series must

be reduced.

3.4 Cable connection sequence (see figure 1)

First: connect the battery.

Second: connect the solar array (when connected with reverse

polarity, the controller will heat up but will not charge the battery).

Torque: 1,6 Nm

EN NL FR DE ES SE Appendix

3.5 Configuration of the controller

Fully programmable charge algorithm (see the software page on

our website) and eight preprogrammed charge algorithms,

selectable with a rotary switch:

Note 1: divide all values by two in case of a 12V system.

Note 2: equalize normally off, see sect. 3.8.1 to activate

(do not equalize VRLA Gel and AGM batteries)

Note 3: any setting change performed with Bluetooth or via VE.Direct will

override the rotary switch setting. Turning the rotary switch will override prior

settings made with Bluetooth or VE.Direct.

Pos

Suggested battery type

Absorption

Float

Equalize

@%Inom

dV/dT

mV/°C

Gel Victron long life (OPzV)

Gel exide A600 (OPzV)

Gel MK

28,2 27,6 31,8

@8% -32

Gel Victron deep discharge

Gel Exide A200

AGM Victron deep discharge

Stationary tubular plate

(OPzS)

28,6 27,6 32,2

@8% -32

Default setting

Gel Victron deep discharge

Gel Exide A200

AGM Victron deep discharge

Stationary tubular plate

(OPzS)

28,8 27,6 32,4

@8% -32

AGM spiral cell

Stationary tubular plate

(OPzS)

Rolls AGM

29,4 27,6

33,0

@8% -32

4 PzS tubular plate traction

batteries or

OPzS batteries

29,8 27,6

33,4

@25%

-32

PzS tubular plate traction

batteries or

OPzS batteries

30,2 27,6

33,8

@25%

-32

PzS tubular plate traction

batteries or

OPzS batteries

30,6 27,6

34,2

@25%

-32

Lithium Iron Phosphate

(LiFePo4) batteries

28,4 27,0 n.a. 0

On all models with software version V 1.12 or higher a binary

LED code helps determining the position of the rotary switch.

After changing the position of the rotary switch, the LEDs will

blink during 4 seconds as follows:

Thereafter, normal indication resumes, as described below.

Remark: the blink function is enabled only when PV power is

present on the input of the controller.

3.6 LEDs

LED indication:

permanent on

blinking

off

Regular operation

LEDs

Bulk

Absorption

Float

Bulk (*1)





Absorption







Automatic equalisation





Float





Note (*1): The bulk LED will blink briefly every 3 seconds when

the system is powered but there is insufficient power to start

charging.

Fault situations

LEDs

Bulk

Absorption

Float

Charger temperature too high





Charger over-current







Charger or PV over-voltage





Internal error (*2)





Note (*2): E.g. calibration and/or settings data lost, current sensor

issue.

Switch

position

LED

Bulk

LED

Abs

LED

Float

Blink

frequency

Fast

Slow

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