Shimmer 3 Manual de usuario

Realtime Technologies Ltd IMU User Manual

ECG Respiration User Guide

Revision 1.1

Realtime Technologies Ltd ECG Respiration User Guide

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Realtime Technologies Ltd ECG Respiration User Guide

Table of Contents

1. Introduction.............................................................................................................................. 3

2. General Information ................................................................................................................. 4

2.1. Safety Information ............................................................................................................. 4

2.2. Pre-Requisites.................................................................................................................... 4

2.3. ECG Unit Specification Overview ........................................................................................ 4

3. Electrode Placement ................................................................................................................. 5

3.1. Preparation........................................................................................................................ 5

3.2. Recommended Placement ................................................................................................. 5

4. Configuration ............................................................................................................................ 8

4.1. Default configuration ......................................................................................................... 8

4.2. Advanced Configuration..................................................................................................... 9

5. Example with post-processing................................................................................................. 11

6. References .............................................................................................................................. 13

7. Appendices ............................................................................................................................. 14

7.1. ExG configuration bytes ................................................................................................... 14

Realtime Technologies Ltd ECG Respiration User Guide

1. Introduction

The Shimmer3 ECG unit can be configured to measure respiration. This document provides

recommendations regarding electrode placement, configuration settings for respiration detection,

as well as an illustration of the signals that can be achieved from the device before and after

post-processing.

The respiration detection method used, is called "impedance pneumography". The Shimmer3 ECG

unit measures the impedance across the chest, using adhesive ECG electrodes. During the

inhalation/exhalation phases, this impedance increases/decreases respectively. The impedance

change is correlated to the volume of air that is inhaled [1].

Realtime Technologies Ltd ECG Respiration User Guide

2. General Information

2.1. Safety Information

As a precaution it is important to note that the ECG leads are not to be applied to the subject's body

while the unit is in a USB dock or multi-charger.

2.2. Pre-Requisites

A compatible Shimmer3 ECG unit programmed with up-to-date firmware.

-The Shimmer's firmware can be updated using our Consensys application - available

for download from www.shimmersensing.com.

-In order to check if respiration detection is supported on your Shimmer3 ECG unit,

please use Consensys and, with your Shimmer unit docked, refer to the "Expansion"

board information shown on-screen. If the expansion board appears as

"ECG/EMG/Respiration", respiration mode is supported.

Five DIN snap leads.

-9-inch and 18-inch leads are shipped with ECG Development Kits.

-Replacements can be purchased from www.shimmersensing.com.

Surface ECG electrodes.

-Disposable electrodes are shipped with the ECG Development Kit.

-For replacements, see www.shimmersensing.com. Alternatively, the Covidien

Kendall Disposable Surface EMG/ECG/EKG electrodes 1" (24mm) or Covidien Kendall

Disposable Surface EMG/ECG/EKG electrodes 1 3/8" (35mm), available on www.bio-

medical.com with product codes 'BRD H124SG' and 'BRD H135SG', respectively, and

the Ambu Blue Sensor T electrodes, available from various suppliers, are all suitable

options and have been validated for use with Shimmer equipment.

2.3. ECG Unit Specification Overview

The Shimmer3 ECG unit contains two ADS1292R chips from Texas Instruments. Throughout

documentation and software applications these are referred to a 'Chip1' and 'Chip2'. The respiration

circuitry is connected to Chip2 [2].

For detailed specifications of the Shimmer3 ECG unit or for more detail on the standard electrode

placement for ECG measurement, please refer to the Shimmer3 ECG User Guide.

Realtime Technologies Ltd ECG Respiration User Guide

3. Electrode Placement

3.1. Preparation

Prepare the skin by cleaning with an alcohol wipe or similar.

3.2. Recommended Placement

To detect respiration, the Shimmer3 ECG unit measures the impedance across the chest using three

electrode connections. The respiration detection circuitry is hard-wired to the RA (white) and LA

(black) inputs. In addition, the RL (green) input serves as reference.

The optimal electrode placement for respiration detection is two locations across the chest whereby

the Shimmer can measure the largest range of chest activity due to respiration (i.e., the maximum

change in impedance due to inhalation/exhalation). In this guide, we recommend the top of the mid-

axillary line on either side of the chest. Other locations can also be used [3]. Figure 3-1 provides a

side view of the axillary lines.

Figure 3-1 Axillary lines

Realtime Technologies Ltd ECG Respiration User Guide

Figure 3-2 shows a recommended electrode placement layout on the body. The reference electrode,

RL (green), input should be placed on the top of the right leg. The LA (black) electrode should be

placed in the "V6" ECG electrode position (i.e., on the top of the mid-axillary line, on the left side of

the body, at the sixth inter-costal space). The RA (white) electrode should be placed at the same

location on the right-hand side of the body.

Figure 3-2 Recommended electrode placement

Although inputs LL (red) and Vx (brown) are not required for respiration detection, both inputs can

be used as additional ECG channels. If this these are in use, it is recommended to connect these to

the typical locations used for most clinical ECG electrode placements; the LL (red) input at the top of

the right leg and the Vx (brown) input at the standard "V1" ECG electrode position (i.e., at the fourth

inter-costal space, to the right of the sternum).

Note: In case Vx or LL are not connected to the body, make sure there is no electrode cable

connected to the corresponding input on the Shimmer3 ECG unit as this can introduce additional

noise in the system.

Realtime Technologies Ltd ECG Respiration User Guide

Table 3-1 gives an overview of the input connectors and the recommended electrode positions for

achieving the best respiration signal quality.

Table 3-1 Input connectors and electrode positions

Input

Electrode Position

Mid-Axillary line - right-hand side

Mid-Axillary line - left-hand side ("V6")

Right Leg

Left Leg (Optional electrode)

V1 (Optional electrode)

Realtime Technologies Ltd ECG Respiration User Guide

4. Configuration

4.1. Default configuration

This section describes how to enable respiration detection with default settings using our Consensys

software. Refer to section 4.2 for advanced configuration when using software other than Consensys

or non-default settings.

Figure 4-1 shows the configuration menu that can be accessed through either MANAGE DEVICES or

LIVE DATA.

Figure 4-1 Default Respiration Detection configuration.

Steps to enable respiration detection:

1. Set a minimum sample rate of 204.8Hz.

2. Enable "Respiration".

3. Set the gain to 3.

4. Write the configuration.

For the default configuration the Respiration Detection Frequency is 32 kHz and Respiration

Detection Phase is 112.5°.

Realtime Technologies Ltd ECG Respiration User Guide

4.2. Advanced Configuration

This section describes how advanced configuration settings can be modified when the default

configuration is not suitable or when software other than Consensys is used (e.g., Shimmer

APIs/Instrument Drivers).

The Shimmer3 ECG unit contains two ADS1292R chips from Texas Instruments. These chips are fully

configurable in software by setting the byte values of their ExG Configuration registers - also called

"ExG Configuration Bytes" in Shimmer documentation [2]. The values of the ExG Configuration Bytes

can be changed in the Consensys "Advanced ECG/EMG" menu, which can be accessed by clicking on

the corresponding icon on the "ECG/EMG" configuration tile, see Figure 4-2.

Figure 4-2 Advanced ECG/EMG icon

The adjustable parameters for Respiration Detection are:

1. Respiration Detection Frequency; Bit 2 of register "RESP2"

2. Respiration Detection Phase; Bits[5:2] of register "RESP1"

3. Gain of Programmable Gain Amplifier (PGA); Bits[6:4] of registers "CH1SET" / "CH2SET"

These parameters can be changed by modifying the values of the ExG Configuration Bytes directly,

or by using the drop-down menus highlighted in Figure 4-3. The drop-down menu for the PGA gain

can be found on the "ECG/EMG" configuration tile, see Figure 4-1 or Figure 4-2. For background

information on the Respiration Detection signal, refer to [1].

For respiration detection the "Reference Electrode" needs to be set to "Fixed Potential", see Figure

4-3. (For non-Consensys users: Chip1 RLD_SENS = 0x20, Chip2 RLD_SENS = 0x00).

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