NetComm NB1300 Instrucciones de instalación y mantenimiento
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Securing Your NB1300 -Once connected.
There are eleven areas that need your attention to secure your NB1300 from
unauthorised access -these areas or features are;
•Physical Security
•Admin Password
•User Password
•SNMP Community Strings (when SNMP is available in your firmware)
•FTP server
•HTTP Server
•DMZ Host
•Half Bridge mode
•Port Forwarding
•Dynamic Routing (RIP Configuration)
•Telnet
The features are accessed via the menu item choices shown circled in the screen shot
below. Each item is either disabled or changed in it’s appropriate page and as always
you must click the Submit button at the bottom of the page. Once you have made
all your changes you must then click the Save Setting and Reboot button to
commit your changes and reboot the NB1300.
Don’t forget you can incorporate all of these settings into an Easy config profile for
easier deployment for endusers. See the section on Easy config at the end of the
document.
}These options are all found under ‘Misc Configuration’
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You may need to click
here to display the
advanced settings.
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1. Physical security -should be considered because if a malicious person has
physical access to the unit they can damage it, steal it, reset it to factory
defaults or just sabotage it to allow them remote access later on.
Note: Your Admin password can be deleted with physical access.
2. Administration Password– Your Admin Password gives you complete
control over the NB1300 it should NEVER be left as default because it can
allow access from a Web browser, FTP or Telnet service from bothyour LAN
and the Internet. You should change your Administration Password to
something complex and involving many UPPER and lower case Characters.
The Minimum password length is fixed at eight characters. Some examples of
suitable passwords in growing complexity are;
fa11en4you <-mixing words and numbers, replacing letters with numbers.
Buz911B0xzero <-as above but using upper and lower case as well.
SecN@tC0mmwillyou <-The ‘0’ is a zero, the use of ‘@’ instead of ‘e’
To change your Admin password choose the ‘Admin Password’ option on the
menu and you will see a screen similar to the one below. Enter your new
password twice, once in each field and then click the submit button
Note: For security your password’s characters will be replaced with dots so
no one can see you type it on the screen.
3. User Password– Your User password is used to log-in with the username
‘User’ this is a restricted account that allows you to view router status but not
change anything in the router. However the less information a ‘Hacker’ can
find out about your system the less chance the hacker has of finding an exploit
for your system. Depending on your needs you may wish to make the User
password as secure as the Admin password or a little easier for regular
everyday use.
To change your User password choose the ‘User Password’ option on the
menu and you will see a screen similar to the Admin Password screen above.
Enter your new password twice, once in each field and then click the submit
button.
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4. SNMP– Simple Network Management Protocol is used to manage devices on
networks from a central location. The authentication for SNMP is based on
‘Community Strings’ these are like passwords and should be treated as such
when it comes to security. If SNMP is available in your Router (NB1300) you
should change all your community strings (both public and private) to more
secret names with more complexity. If you wish to block SNMP access from
the Internet you should create a dummy port forward for external port 161 as
is displayed in the image below for points 5 or 9.
5. FTP– The FTP server that is built into the NB1300 is not normally used by
the average user and so it should be disabled. This will not affect any FTP
services running through the NB1300 but it will prevent local and remote
access to the FTP server ofthe NB1300.
Note: The FTP server is used by NetComm’s Easy Config software to send a
pre-configured profile to the NB1300. If you disable FTP you will not be able
to use the Easy Config software with the NB1300 until it is reset to factory
defaults.
You can leave the FTP server enabled but not vulnerable to access via the
WAN port by adding two ‘Dummy dead-end’ port forwards as shown in the
screen shot below, with this method you can still use Easy Config to configure
the NB1300 locally but FTP via the WAN is blocked.
Note: This security method is automatically incorporated into Firmware
versions 5.x.x as shown below.
6. HTTP– The HTTP server built into the NB1300 is used to allow you to view
configuration pages via a web browser. You can set the NB1300 to allow this
information to be viewed or changed via the LAN or via the WAN (Internet)
or both. The Defaults shown here are for Firmware V4.004.1 and they show
the access restricted to the LAN. To secure your NB1300 you should have the
WAN check box disabled as shown in the screen shot below as this will
prevent configuration access from the internet. You can change the port that
the service runs on (e.g port 8080 instead of 80) but this means when you
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access your NB1300 you will need to include the different port when you type
its IP address E.g;
http://192.168.1.1:8080
You could disable LAN access but this would prevent you from making
further changes or viewing your routers status.
Note: If you block yourself out of your NB1300 you will have to use the Reset
button to return to factory defaults.
7. DMZ Host– The DeMilitarized Zone Host setting is used to specify the IP
address of a computer (Host) that will deal with any data received from the
internet that is not a response to an internal computer’s request (via NAT).
This data would normally be ‘dropped’ by the NB1300 but if you wish to
allow external access to a particular internal computer, this option is used to
‘expose’ the ‘Host’ to raw connections from the internet.
The DMZ host feature is most commonly used to allow Internet users access
to a Web server or Game server.
To secure your network you should ensure that the DMZ host feature is
disabled. If you need to use the DMZ host feature you should ensure the
computer with the IP address specified is secured with a firewall.
8. Half Bridge mode – This mode allows the NB1300 to work in an
‘Unumbered port’ mode which means that you can plug only one computer
into your NB1300 and that computer will be assigned the public (internet) IP
address as designated by your ISP. In this mode your computer will be directly
exposed to the Internet even though the NB1300 is logging into and
maintaining a PPP connection to your ISP.
This mode should be disabled for security, if you want to use Half bridge
mode you should run personal firewall software on your computer.
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9. Port Forwarding – This feature is similar to the DMZ host feature listed in
step 7 except it allows individual ports on the public Internet IP address to be
forwarded to a private IP address. This is most commonly used to allow
Internet users to access a Web service on port 80 etc.
To secure your NB1300 you should not have port forwards that are not being
used (excluding the FTP dead-end port forwards suggested in point 5). Any
port forwards that have been configured should only specify the IP address of
Set all of these to
‘Disabled’ if
possible.
Set to ‘Restricted’
and tick the ‘LAN’
box.
Ensure ‘WAN’ is
not ticked.
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secure computers. Ideally there should be no port forwards accept for
“Dummy” port forwards included as factory defaults (port 21, 23, 161 & 254).
If you are using older firmware you may wish to add port forwards as shown
below.
Note: The ‘Dummy’ Host IP address does not have to be in the same subnet as
your NB1300 LAN IP address but it shouls end in ‘.255’
10. Dynamic Routing (RIP)– RIP is disabled by default, you would only enable
RIP if you want your NB1300 to accept information from other LAN routers
or if you want it to share it’s routing information with other router’s. As
always the less information a ‘Hacker’ can find out about your system the less
chance the hacker has of finding an exploit for your system.
Ensure RIP is disabled if you do not need to use it.
Set to ‘Disabled’
and click submit.
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11. Telnet –Newer firmware (Release V5.x.x +) now supports Telnet which
allows you to manage and configure the NB1300 via a text terminal screen.
Externally there are two Telnet ports available;
Port 23 – This is the standard telnet port and it allows full control of the
NB1300 in the same way that logging in as ‘admin’ does via Web / HTTP.
This port is already blocked in firmware releases that include Telnet.
Port 254 – This port is an extra telnet port that allows minimal monitoring of
the ADSL connection, some of the functions are disabled and although it looks
like you can reset your NB1300 to factory defaults via this port, this is not
true. NetComm recommend you create a dummy port forward for this port
number as discussed in Point 9 (Port Forwarding) and shown below.
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Other Security Measures.
NetComm’s Easy Config -You can use NetComm’s Easy Config software to
easily deploy preconfigured profiles which include all the required ISP and ADSL
settings as well as any extra security choices you want. The Easy Config software
profile will include settings made to disable services such as FTP.
NetComm’s Easy Config even has a feature to “Scramble the Admin Password” to
lockout every one, this is offered as a simple tick box in the Advanced area of the
Software. Easy config must have LAN FTP access to the unit to deploy your
profile but it can be locked out by your profile.
MAC Filters – The NB1300 also has a MAC filtering function, if you wish to
restrict which Network Interface Cards (NICs) can use the NB1300 to connect to
the internet.
i.e. If you only use 10 computers in your network you may wish to list the MAC
addresses of the NIC in just the administration computers as the only devices that
can connect to the internet to prevent unwanted internet access by employees.
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Resetting to factory defaults
If you forget your passwords, lock out HTTP or FTP access or simply can’t
remember what IP address youhave set the NB1300 on you will probably need to
perform a factory defaults reset.
To perform a factory defaults reset you must have physical access to the unit then
follow these steps;
1. Make sure the NB1300 is powered on and the RDY light is flashing.
2. Locate the Reset button hole on the back of the unit.
3. Gently press in and hold the button for 5-10 seconds with a suitably thin
appliance (E.g. a Pen). 3 seconds after release the RDY light will turn off
4. Watch the RDY light and wait for it to stabilise and start pulsing again.
5. Your router should now be set to factory defaults (192.168.1.1, ‘admin’ &
‘password’)
1. Power up NB1300.
2. Press and hold Reset
button for about 5 – 10
seconds.
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