Campbell KH20 Manual de usuario

KH20

Krypton

Hygrometer

User Manual

Issued 23.3.10

Printed under Licence by Campbell Scientific Ltd.

CSL 876

Guarantee

This equipment is guaranteed against defects in materials and

workmanship. This guarantee applies for twelve months from date of

delivery. We will repair or replace products which prove to be defective

during the guarantee period provided they are returned to us prepaid. The

guarantee will not apply to:

•Equipment which has been modified or altered in any way without the

written permission of Campbell Scientific

•Batteries

•Any product which has been subjected to misuse, neglect, acts of God

or damage in transit.

Campbell Scientific will return guaranteed equipment by surface carrier

prepaid. Campbell Scientific will not reimburse the claimant for costs

incurred in removing and/or reinstalling equipment. This guarantee and the

Company’s obligation thereunder is in lieu of all other guarantees,

expressed or implied, including those of suitability and fitness for a

particular purpose. Campbell Scientific is not liable for consequential

damage.

Please inform us before returning equipment and obtain a Repair

Reference Number whether the repair is under guarantee or not. Please

state the faults as clearly as possible, and if the product is out of the

guarantee period it should be accompanied by a purchase order.

Quotations for repairs can be given on request.

When returning equipment, the Repair Reference Number must be clearly

marked on the outside of the package.

Note that goods sent air freight are subject to Customs clearance fees

which Campbell Scientific will charge to customers. In many cases, these

charges are greater than the cost of the repair.

Campbell Scientific Ltd,

Campbell Park, 80 Hathern Road,

Shepshed, Loughborough, LE12 9GX, UK

Tel: +44 (0) 1509 601141

Fax: +44 (0) 1509 601091

Email: [email protected]

www.campbellsci.co.uk

PLEASE READ FIRST

About this manual

Please note that this manual was originally produced by Campbell Scientific Inc. primarily for the

North American market. Some spellings, weights and measures may reflect this origin.

Some useful conversion factors:

Area: 1 in2(square inch) = 645 mm2

Length: 1 in. (inch) = 25.4 mm

1 ft (foot) = 304.8 mm

1 yard = 0.914 m

1 mile = 1.609 km

Mass: 1 oz. (ounce) = 28.35 g

1 lb (pound weight) = 0.454 kg

Pressure: 1 psi (lb/in2) = 68.95 mb

Volume: 1 UK pint = 568.3 ml

1 UK gallon = 4.546 litres

1 US gallon = 3.785 litres

In addition, while most of the information in the manual is correct for all countries, certain information

is specific to the North American market and so may not be applicable to European users.

Differences include the U.S standard external power supply details where some information (for

example the AC transformer input voltage) will not be applicable for British/European use. Please

note, however, that when a power supply adapter is ordered it will be suitable for use in your country.

Reference to some radio transmitters, digital cell phones and aerials may also not be applicable

according to your locality.

Some brackets, shields and enclosure options, including wiring, are not sold as standard items in the

European market; in some cases alternatives are offered. Details of the alternatives will be covered in

separate manuals.

Part numbers prefixed with a “#” symbol are special order parts for use with non-EU variants or for

special installations. Please quote the full part number with the # when ordering.

Recycling information

At the end of this product’s life it should not be put in commercial or domestic refuse

but sent for recycling. Any batteries contained within the product or used during the

products life should be removed from the product and also be sent to an appropriate

recycling facility.

Campbell Scientific Ltd can advise on the recycling of the equipment and in some cases

arrange collection and the correct disposal of it, although charges may apply for some

items or territories.

For further advice or support, please contact Campbell Scientific Ltd, or your local agent.

Campbell Scientific Ltd, Campbell Park, 80 Hathern Road, Shepshed, Loughborough, LE12 9GX, UK

Tel: +44 (0) 1509 601141 Fax: +44 (0) 1509 601091

Email: [email protected]

www.campbellsci.co.uk

Contents

PDF viewers note: These page numbers refer to the printed version of this document.

Use the Adobe Acrobat® bookmarks tab for links to specific sections.

1. General Description.....................................................1

2. Specifications ..............................................................1

2.1 Measurements ..........................................................................................1

2.2 Electrical ..................................................................................................1

2.3 Physical....................................................................................................2

3. Installation....................................................................2

3.1 Siting........................................................................................................2

3.2 Mounting..................................................................................................2

3.2.1 Parts and Tools Needed for Mounting ...........................................2

3.2.2 Mounting the KH20 Sensor............................................................2

3.2.3 Mounting the Electronics Box........................................................3

4. Wiring ...........................................................................5

5. Datalogger Programming............................................6

5.1 KH20 Calibration.....................................................................................6

5.2 Example 1, CR3000 Program to Measure Water Vapour Fluctuations ...7

6. Maintenance and Calibration......................................8

6.1 Visual Inspection......................................................................................9

6.2 Testing the Source Tube ..........................................................................9

6.3 Testing the Detector Tube........................................................................9

6.4 Managing the Scaling of KH20................................................................9

6.5 Older KH20............................................................................................10

6.6 Calibration..............................................................................................10

Appendix

A. Calibrating KH20..................................................... A-1

A.1 Basic Measurement Theory.................................................................A-1

A.2 Calibration of KH20............................................................................A-1

Figures

1. Mounting KH20 onto a tripod....................................................................3

2. Proper mounting position of the electronics box .......................................4

3. Attaching cables to the electronics box......................................................5

A-1. KH20 ln(mV) vs. Vapour Density.....................................................A-2

Tables

1. Datalogger Connections for Differential Measurement .............................5

2. KH20 Calibration Ranges ..........................................................................6

A-1. Linear Regression Results for KH20 ln(mV) vs. Vapour Density.....A-2

A-2. Final Calibration Values for KH20....................................................A-3

KH20 Krypton Hygrometer

1. General Description

The KH20 is a krypton hygrometer for measuring water vapour fluctuations in the

air. The name KH20 (KH-twenty) was derived from KH2O (K-H2O), and the

sensor has been known with this name since 1985. It is typically used with the

CSAT3 3-D sonic anemometer for measuring latent heat flux (LE), using Eddy

Covariance technique. Please refer to the Open Path Eddy Covariance System

operator’s manual for details on flux measurements using the KH20 sensor.

The KH20 sensor uses a krypton lamp that emits two absorption lines: major line

at 123.58 nm and minor line at 116.49 nm. Both of these lines are absorbed by

water vapour, and a small amount of the minor line is absorbed by oxygen. The

KH20 is not suitable for absolute water vapour concentration measurements due

to its signal offset drift.

The KH20 heads are sealed and will not suffer damage should they get wet. In

addition, the electronics box and the connectors are housed inside a rain shield

(#14113) that protects them from moisture. The KH20 is suitable for long-term

continuous outdoor applications.

The KH20 sensor is comprised of two main parts: the sensor head and the

electronics box. The sensor head comes with cables with 6 ft of lead length that

connect the sensor to the electronics box. It is shipped with a rain shield (#14113)

to protect the electronics box and the connectors from moisture, a 20 inch 3/4 IPS

threaded aluminium pipe (#3874), a 3/4” x 3/4” Nu-Rail (#1017), and a 5/32 inch

Allen wrench (#4697) for mounting. The sensor comes with a signal/power cable

which has 25 ft lead length. If a longer cable is desired, the customer can order a

replacement cable (# KH20CBL-L) and specify the desired lead length after -L.

Discussion on the principles and theory of measurement is included

in Appendix A.

2. Specifications

2.1 Measurements

Calibration Range: 1.7 to 19.5 g/m3(nominal)

Frequency Response: 100 Hz

Operating Temperature Range: -30 to +50°C

2.2 Electrical

Supply Voltage: 10 V to 16 Vdc

Current Consumption: 20 mA max at 12 Vdc

Power Consumption: 0.24 Watts

Output Signal Range: 0 to 5Vdc

NOTE

KH20 Krypton Hygrometer

2.3 Physical

Dimensions

Sensor Head: 29 cm x 23 cm x 3 cm (11.5” x 9” x 1.25”)

Electronics Box: 19 cm x 13 cm x 5 cm (7.5” x 5” x 2”)

Rain Shield with Mount: 29 cm x 18 cm x 6.5 cm (11.5” x 7” x 2.5”)

Mounting Pipe: 50 cm (20”)

Carrying Case: 64 cm x 38 cm x 18 cm (25” x 15” x 7”)

Weight

Sensor Head: 31.61 kg (.55 lbs)

Electronics Box: 6.4 kg (1.4 lbs)

Rain Shield with Mount: 2.2 kg (4.75 lbs)

Mounting Pipe with Nu-rail: 0.45 kg) (1.0 lbs)

Carrying Case: 4.3 kg (9.45 lbs)

Shipping: 9.2 kg (20.15 lbs)

Package Includes:

KH20 sensor head with 5’ of cables

Power/Signal cable with 25’ lead length (#KH20CBL-L)

Electronics Box

Rain Shield (#14113)

Horizontal Mounting Boom (20 inch 3/4” IPS threaded aluminium pipe)

(#3874)

Nu-rail (3/4” x 3/4”) (#1017)

Allen Wrench (5/32”) (#4697)

3. Installation

3.1 Siting

When installing the KH20 sensor for latent heat flux measurement in an eddy

covariance application, proper siting, sensor height, sensor orientation and fetch

are important. Please refer to Section 2 Installation and Mounting of the Open

Path Eddy Covariance System manual for more discussion on siting.

3.2 Mounting

3.2.1 Parts and Tools Needed for Mounting

You will need the following hardware to mount the KH20 sensor:

1. Tripod (CSI model CM115 standard) or tower

2. CM20x series crossarm (CSI model CM204 standard)

3. 3/4 inch IPS Aluminium Pipe, 12 inches long (#18048)

4. 3/4” x 1” Nu-rail (#1049)

5. Small Phillips and flat-head screw-drivers

6. 1/2 inch wrench

3.2.2 Mounting the KH20 Sensor

Mount the KH20 sensor head as follows:

1. Attach the 20 inch long mounting boom to the KH20.

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