Campbell CMP3-L Manual de usuario

CMP3-L Pyranometer

Revision: 2/09

Campbell Scientific, Inc.

Warranty and Assistance

The CMP3-L PYRANOMETER is warranted by CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC,

INC. to be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use

and service for twelve (12) months from date of shipment unless specified

otherwise. Batteries have no warranty. CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC.'s

obligation under this warranty is limited to repairing or replacing (at

CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC.'s option) defective products. The customer

shall assume all costs of removing, reinstalling, and shipping defective

products to CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC,

INC. will return such products by surface carrier prepaid. This warranty shall

not apply to any CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. products which have been

subjected to modification, misuse, neglect, accidents of nature, or shipping

damage. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, expressed or implied,

including warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.

CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. is not liable for special, indirect, incidental,

or consequential damages.

Products may not be returned without prior authorization. The following

contact information is for US and International customers residing in countries

served by Campbell Scientific, Inc. directly. Affiliate companies handle

repairs for customers within their territories. Please visit

www.campbellsci.com to determine which Campbell Scientific company

serves your country. To obtain a Returned Materials Authorization (RMA),

contact CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC., phone (435) 753-2342. After an

applications engineer determines the nature of the problem, an RMA number

will be issued. Please write this number clearly on the outside of the shipping

container. CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC's shipping address is:

CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC.

RMA#_____

815 West 1800 North

Logan, Utah 84321-1784

CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. does not accept collect calls.

CMP3-L Pyranometer Table of Contents

PDF viewers note: These page numbers refer to the printed version of this document. Use

the Adobe Acrobat® bookmarks tab for links to specific sections.

1. General Description.....................................................1

2. Specifications ..............................................................1

3. Installation....................................................................2

4. Wiring............................................................................4

5. Example Programs......................................................5

5.1 Input Range...............................................................................................5

5.2 Multiplier..................................................................................................6

5.3 Offset........................................................................................................6

5.4 Example Programs....................................................................................7

5.4.1 CR1000 Example Program.............................................................7

5.4.2 CR10X Example Program ..............................................................8

5.5 Output Format Considerations..................................................................9

6. Maintenance...............................................................10

7. Troubleshooting ........................................................10

Figures

3-1. CMP3-L Pyranometer Attached to CM225 Solar Sensor Mounting Stand3

4-1. CMP3-L Schematic.................................................................................4

Tables

4-1. Differential Connections to Campbell Scientific Dataloggers ................4

4-2. Single-Ended Connections to Campbell Scientific Dataloggers.............5

5-1. Multipliers Required for Average Flux Density and Total Fluxes..........6

5-2. Wiring for Example Programs ................................................................7

CMP3-L Pyranometer

1. General Description

This manual provides information for interfacing the CMP3-L Pyranometer to

various models of Campbell Scientific dataloggers. The CMP3-L is

manufactured by Kipp & Zonen and then cabled by Campbell Scientific.

Cable length is user specified.

The CMP3-L is shipped with an instruction manual provided by Kipp & Zonen

that contains information concerning the CMP3-L’s construction, spectral

sensitivity, cosine response, and a simple sensor check out procedure.

Included with the sensor and manual is a calibration certificate with the sensor

calibration constant and serial number. Cross check this serial number against

the serial number on your CMP3-L to ensure that the given calibration constant

corresponds to your sensor.

The CMP3-L pyranometer is designed for continuous outdoor use. Due to its

flat spectral sensitivity from 300 to 3000 nm, it can be used in natural sunlight,

under plant canopies, in green houses or buildings, and inverted to measure

reflected solar radiation. Two CMP3-Ls can be used in combination to

measure albedo. The CMP3-L can also be used to measure most types of

artificial light (Xenon lamps, Halogen lamps, etc.).

The CMP3-L pyranometer consists of a thermopile sensor, housing, dome, and

cable. The thermopile is coated with a black absorbent coating. The paint

absorbs the radiation and converts it to heat. The resultant temperature

difference is converted to a voltage by the copper-constantan thermopile. The

thermopile is encapsulated in the housing in such a way that it has a field of

view of 180 degrees and the angular characteristics needed to fulfill the cosine

response requirements.

2. Specifications

The CMP3-L is an ISO Second Class pyranometer. While the worst case

accuracy for daily sums given by Kipp & Zonen is +10%, the typical accuracy

is +5%.

ISO SPECIFICATIONS:

Response Time 95%: 18 seconds

Zero offset due to 200 W/m2thermal

radiation:

< 15 W m-2

Zero offset due to temperature change

of 5ºK / hr:

< +4 W m-2

Non stability (% change/year): < +1%

Non linearity (0 to 1000 W/m2): < +2.5%

Directional error (at 80º with

1000 W/m2beam):

< +20 W m-2

CMP3-L Pyranometer

Temperature Dependence of

sensitivity:

+5% (-10º to + 40ºC)

Tilt response (+80º) (at 1000 W/m2): < +2%

OTHER SPECIFICATIONS

Expected accuracy for daily sums: +10%

Spectral range (50% points, nm): 310 to 2800 nm

Sensitivity: 5 to 20 μV W-1 m2

Typical signal output for atmospheric

applications:

0 to 15 mV

Impedance: 30 to 100 Ω

Operating Temperature: -40º to +80ºC

Max. irradiance: 2000 Wm-2

Detector: Copper-constantan multi junction

thermopile

Level accuracy: 1 degree

DIMENSIONS / SHIPPING DIMENSIONS

CMP3-L: 3 in dia x 4 in / 8x12x4 in

WEIGHT/SHIPPING WEIGHT

CMP3-L: 1.2 lbs / 1.8 lbs

3. Installation

The CMP3-L is usually installed horizontally, but can also be installed at any

angle including an inverted position. In all cases it will measure the flux that is

incident on the surface that is parallel to the sensor surface.

Site the CMP3-L to allow easy access for maintenance while ideally avoiding

any obstructions above the plane of the sensing element. It is important to

mount the CMP3-L such that a shadow will not be cast on it at any time.

If this is not possible, try to choose a site where any obstruction over the

azimuth range between earliest sunrise and latest sunset has an elevation not

exceeding 5°. Diffuse solar radiation is less influenced by obstructions near

the horizon. For instance, an obstruction with an elevation of 5°over the

whole azimuth range of 360°decreases the downward diffuse solar radiation

by only 0.8%.

The sensor should be mounted with the cable pointing towards the nearest

magnetic pole, e.g., in the Northern Hemisphere point the cable toward the

North Pole.

CMP3-L Pyranometer

Tools required for installation on a tripod or tower:

Small and medium Phillips screwdrivers

5/16”, 1/2” open end wrenches

5/32” Allen wrench

Tape measure

UV-resistant wire ties

Side-cut pliers

Compass

Step ladder

The CM225 Solar Sensor Mounting Stand is used to attach the CMP3-L to a

vertical pipe (1.0 – 2.1” OD) as shown in Figure 3-1. The CMP3-L includes a

base with two levelling screws, bubble level, and mounting screws.

Attach the CMP3-L to the CM225 as follows:

1. Loosely mount the pyranometer on the mounting arm. Do not fully tighten

the two mounting screws.

2. Turn the levelling screws as required to bring the bubble of the spirit level

within the ring.

3. Tighten the mounting screws to secure the assembly in its final position.

Check that the pyranometer is still correctly levelled and adjust as

necessary.

4. Attach the white plastic sun screen to the pyranometer.

Bubble Level

CMP3-L Sun Shield

(2) Mounting Screws

(3) Leveling Screws

CM225 Solar Sensor

Mounting Stand

CM200 Series

Crossarm

FIGURE 3-1. CMP3-L Pyranometer Attached to CM225 Solar Sensor Mounting Stand

CMP3-L Pyranometer

4. Wiring

A schematic diagram of the CMP3-L is shown in Figure 4-1.

Red

Blue

Black

White

Black

Shield

FIGURE 4-1. CMP3-L Schematic

When Short Cut for Windows software is used to create the datalogger

program, the sensor should be wired to the channels shown in the wiring

diagram created by Short Cut.

A differential voltage measurement is recommended because it has better noise

rejection than a single-ended measurement. If a differential channel is not

available, a single-ended measurement can be used.

Connections to Campbell Scientific dataloggers for a Differential measurement

are given in Table 4-1. A user supplied jumper wire should be connected

between the low side of the differential input and ground (AG or

) to keep

the signal in common mode range.

Connections to Campbell Scientific dataloggers for a Single-Ended

measurement are given in Table 4-2.

TABLE 4-1. Differential Connections to Campbell Scientific Dataloggers

Color

Description

CR9000(X)

CR5000

CR3000

CR1000

CR800

CR510

CR500

CR10(X)

21X

CR7

CR23X

White Signal (+) DIFF Analog High DIFF Analog High DIFF Analog High

Black Signal (-) *DIFF Analog Low *DIFF Analog Low *DIFF Analog Low

Shield Shield

* Jumper to AG or

with user supplied wire.

A CMP3-L purchased from Campbell Scientific has different

wiring than a CMP3 purchased directly from Kipp & Zonen.

NOTE

CMP3-L Pyranometer

TABLE 4-2. Single-Ended Connections to Campbell Scientific Dataloggers

Color

Description

CR9000(X)

CR5000

CR3000

CR1000

CR800

CR510

CR500

CR10(X)

21X

CR7

CR23X

White Signal (+) Single-Ended Analog Single-Ended Analog Single-Ended Analog

Black Signal (-)

Shield Shield

5. Example Programs

This section is for users who write their own datalogger programs. A

datalogger program to measure this sensor can be created using Campbell

Scientific’s Short Cut Program Builder software. You do not need to read this

section to use Short Cut.

Solar radiation can be reported as an average flux density (W m-2) or daily

total flux density (MJ m-2). The appropriate multipliers are listed in Table 5-1.

Programming examples are given for both average and daily total solar

radiation.

The CMP3-L outputs a low level voltage ranging from 0 to a maximum of up

to 20 mV, in natural light, depending on the calibration factor and radiation

level.

A differential voltage measurement is recommended because it has better noise

rejection than a single-ended measurement. If a differential channel is not

available, a single-ended measurement can be used. The acceptability of a

single-ended measurement can be determined by simply comparing the results

of single-ended and differential measurements made under the same

conditions.

Nearby AC power lines, electric pumps, or motors can be a source of electrical

noise. If the sensor or datalogger is located in an electrically noisy

environment, the measurement should be made with the 60 or 50 Hz rejection

integration option as shown in the example programs.

5.1 Input Range

The output voltage of the CMP3-L is usually between 5 and 20 mV per

1000 Wm-2. When estimating the maximum likely value of sensor output a

maximum value of solar radiation of 1100 Wm-2 can be used for field

measurements on a horizontal surface.

CMP3-L Pyranometer

Select the input range as follows:

1. Estimate the maximum expected input voltage by multiplying the

maximum expected irradiance (in Wm-2) by the calibration factor (in

µV/Wm-2). Divide the answer by 1000 to give the maximum in millivolt

units.

2. Select the smallest input range which is greater than the maximum

expected input voltage. Normally the 50 mV range for the CR23X,

CR5000, CR9000 and CR7, and the 25 mV or 250 mV range for the

CR510, CR10X and CR1000 will be suitable. The exact range will

depend on the sensitivity of your individual sensor and the maximum

expected reading. With some dataloggers an autorange option can be used

if measurement time is not critical.

The parameter code for the input range also specifies the measurement

integration time. The slow or 60 Hz rejection integration gives a more noise-

free reading. A fast integration takes less power and allows for faster

throughput.

5.2 Multiplier

The multiplier converts the millivolt reading to engineering units. The

calibration supplied by the manufacturer gives the output of the sensor (c) as

microvolts (V x 10-6 )per Wm-2. As the datalogger voltage measurement

instructions give a default output in mV, the following equation should be used

to calculate the multiplier (m) to give the readings in Wm-2:

m = 1000/c

Other units can be used by adjusting the multiplier as shown in Table 5-1.

TABLE 5-1. Multipliers Required for Flux Density and Total Fluxes

Units Multipliers Output Processing

W m-2 m Average

MJ m-2 m*t*0.000001 Total

kJ m-2 m*t*0.001 Total

cal cm-2 m*t*0.0239*0.001 Total

cal cm-2 min-1 m*1.434*0.001 Average

m = calibration factor in Wm-2/mV

t = datalogger program execution interval in seconds

5.3 Offset

The offset will normally be fixed at zero as the sensor should output no

significant signal in dark conditions. In practice, because of the nature of

thermopile detector sensors, there will be some offset in dark conditions;

sometimes this offset can give negative light readings. This offset varies with

several factors, e.g. rate of change of sensor temperature, so it cannot be

removed with a fixed offset. Some users may wish to remove small negative

readings by including code after the measurement instructions that sets

negative readings to zero.

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