ZyXEL Communications ZyWALL 10 Manual de usuario

ZyWALL 10/10W/50/100

Internet Security Gateway

Reference Guide

Versions 3.52 and 3.60

January 2003

ZyWALL 10~100 Series Internet Security Gateway

ii Copyright

The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed, stored in a

retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,

mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written

permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.

Disclaimer

ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or software

described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patent rights of others.

ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein without notice.

This publication is subject to change without notice.

Trademarks

Trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for identification purposes only and may be properties of

their respective owners.

ZyWALL 10~100 Series Internet Security Gateway

FCC iii

Federal Communications Commission (FCC)

Interference Statement

This device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

This device may not cause harmful interference.

This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired

operations.

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a CLASS B digital device pursuant to

Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful

interference in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency

energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to

radio communications.

If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be determined by

turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of

the following measures:

Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.

Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.

Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Notice 1

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the

user's authority to operate the equipment.

Certifications

Refer to the product page at www.zyxel.com.

ZyWALL 10~100 Series Internet Security Gateway

iv Information for Canadian Users

Information for Canadian Users

The Industry Canada label identifies certified equipment. This certification means that the equipment meets

certain telecommunications network protective, operation, and safety requirements. The Industry Canada

does not guarantee that the equipment will operate to a user's satisfaction.

Before installing this equipment, users should ensure that it is permissible to be connected to the facilities of

the local telecommunications company. The equipment must also be installed using an acceptable method of

connection. In some cases, the company's inside wiring associated with a single line individual service may

be extended by means of a certified connector assembly. The customer should be aware that the compliance

with the above conditions may not prevent degradation of service in some situations.

Repairs to certified equipment should be made by an authorized Canadian maintenance facility designated by

the supplier. Any repairs or alterations made by the user to this equipment, or equipment malfunctions, may

give the telecommunications company cause to request the user to disconnect the equipment.

For their own protection, users should ensure that the electrical ground connections of the power utility,

telephone lines, and internal metallic water pipe system, if present, are connected together. This precaution

may be particularly important in rural areas.

Caution

Users should not attempt to make such connections themselves, but should contact the appropriate electrical

inspection authority, or electrician, as appropriate.

Note

This digital apparatus does not exceed the class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus set

out in the radio interference regulations of Industry Canada.

ZyWALL 10~100 Series Internet Security Gateway

Warranty v

ZyXEL Limited Warranty

ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials or

workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During the warranty period, and upon

proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or materials,

ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components without charge for

either parts or labor, and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to

proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally

equivalent product of equal value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not

apply if the product is modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to

abnormal working conditions.

NOTE

Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. This

warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of

merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for indirect

or consequential damages of any kind of character to the purchaser.

To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return Material

Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is recommended that the unit be

insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of purchase or those with an out-dated warranty

will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts and labor.

All repaired or replaced products will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address, Postage

Paid. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary from country

to country.

Online Registration

ZyWALL 10~100 Series Internet Security Gateway

vi Customer Support

Customer Support

When you contact your customer support representative please have the following information ready:

Please have the following information ready when you contact customer support.

• Product model and serial number.

• Information in Menu 24.2.1 – System Information.

• Warranty Information.

• Date that you received your device.

• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.

METHOD

LOCATION

E-MAIL

SUPPORT/SALES

TELEPHONE/FAX WEB SITE/ FTP SITE REGULAR MAIL

[email protected]m.tw

+886-3-578-3942 www.zyxel.com

www.europe.zyxel.com

WORLDWIDE

sales@zyxel.com.tw +886-3-578-2439 ftp.europe.zyxel.com

ZyXEL Communications Corp.,

6 Innovation Road II, Science-

Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu

300, Taiwan

[email protected]m +1-714-632-0882

800-255-4101

www.zyxel.comNORTH

AMERICA

sales@zyxel.com +1-714-632-0858 ftp.zyxel.com

ZyXEL Communications Inc.,

1650 Miraloma Avenue,

Placentia, CA 92870, U.S.A.

[email protected] +45-3955-0700 www.zyxel.dkSCANDINAVIA

sales@zyxel.dk +45-3955-0707 ftp.zyxel.dk

ZyXEL Communications A/S,

Columbusvej 5, 2860 Soeborg,

Denmark

[email protected] +49-2405-6909-0 www.zyxel.deGERMANY

sales@zyxel.de +49-2405-6909-99

ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH.

Adenauerstr. 20/A2 D-52146

Wuerselen, Germany

ZyWALL 10~100 Series Internet Security Gateway

Table of Contents vii

Table of Contents

Copyright......................................................................................................................................................ii

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement................................................. iii

Information for Canadian Users ...............................................................................................................iv

ZyXEL Limited Warranty ..........................................................................................................................v

Customer Support ......................................................................................................................................vi

List of Diagrams..........................................................................................................................................ix

List of Charts ...............................................................................................................................................x

Preface ........................................................................................................................................................xii

General Information ........................................................................................................................................ I

Chapter 1 Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address.............................................................................. 1-1

Chapter 2 Triangle Route........................................................................................................................ 2-1

Chapter 3 The Big Picture ...................................................................................................................... 3-1

Chapter 4 Wireless LAN and IEEE 802.11............................................................................................ 4-1

Chapter 5 Wireless LAN With IEEE 802.1x .........................................................................................5-1

Chapter 6 PPPoE ..................................................................................................................................... 6-1

Chapter 7 PPTP ....................................................................................................................................... 7-1

Chapter 8 IP Subnetting.......................................................................................................................... 8-1

Command and Log Information....................................................................................................................II

Chapter 9 Command Interpreter ........................................................................................................... 9-1

Chapter 10 Firewall Commands........................................................................................................... 10-1

Chapter 11 NetBIOS Filter Commands ................................................................................................11-1

Chapter 12 Boot Commands................................................................................................................. 12-1

Chapter 13 Log Descriptions ................................................................................................................ 13-1

Chapter 14 Brute-Force Password Guessing Protection .................................................................... 14-1

Index............................................................................................................................................................... III

ZyWALL 10~100 Series Internet Security Gateway

viii Table of Contents

Index ............................................................................................................................................................ A

ZyWALL 10~100 Series Internet Security Gateway

List of Diagrams ix

List of Diagrams

Diagram B-1 Ideal Setup................................................................................................................................ 2-1

Diagram B-2 “Triangle Route” Problem........................................................................................................ 2-2

Diagram B-3 IP Alias ..................................................................................................................................... 2-2

Diagram B-4 Gateways on the WAN Side ..................................................................................................... 2-3

Diagram C-1 Big Picture— Filtering, Firewall, VPN and NAT .................................................................... 3-1

Diagram D-1 Peer-to-Peer Communication in an Ad-hoc Network............................................................... 4-3

Diagram D-2 ESS Provides Campus-Wide Coverage.................................................................................... 4-4

Diagram E-1 Sequences for EAP MD5–Challenge Authentication ............................................................... 5-2

Diagram F-1 Single-PC per Modem Hardware Configuration ...................................................................... 6-1

Diagram F-2 ZyWALL as a PPPoE Client..................................................................................................... 6-2

Diagram G-1 Transport PPP frames over Ethernet ........................................................................................ 7-1

Diagram G-2 PPTP Protocol Overview ......................................................................................................... 7-2

Diagram G-3 Example Message Exchange between PC and an ANT ........................................................... 7-3

Diagram O-1 NetBIOS Display Filter Settings Command Without DMZ Example.....................................11-2

Diagram O-2 NetBIOS Display Filter Settings Command With DMZ Example..........................................11-2

Diagram P-1 Option to Enter Debug Mode ................................................................................................. 12-1

Diagram P-2 Boot Module Commands........................................................................................................ 12-2

Diagram Q-1 Example VPN Initiator IPSec Log....................................................................................... 13-12

Diagram Q-2 Example VPN Responder IPSec Log................................................................................... 13-12

ZyWALL 10~100 Series Internet Security Gateway

x List of Charts

List of Charts

Chart H-1 Classes of IP Addresses .................................................................................................................8-1

Chart H-2 Allowed IP Address Range By Class .............................................................................................8-2

Chart H-3 “Natural” Masks ............................................................................................................................8-2

Chart H-4 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation.................................................................................................8-3

Chart H-5 Subnet 1 .........................................................................................................................................8-4

Chart H-6 Subnet 2 .........................................................................................................................................8-4

Chart H-7 Subnet 1 .........................................................................................................................................8-5

Chart H-8 Subnet 2 .........................................................................................................................................8-5

Chart H-9 Subnet 3 .........................................................................................................................................8-5

Chart H-10 Subnet 4 .......................................................................................................................................8-6

Chart H-11 Eight Subnets ...............................................................................................................................8-6

Chart H-12 Class C Subnet Planning..............................................................................................................8-7

Chart H-13 Class B Subnet Planning..............................................................................................................8-7

Chart N-1 Firewall Commands.....................................................................................................................10-1

Chart O-1 NetBIOS Filter Default Settings ..................................................................................................11-2

Chart Q-1 System Error Logs .......................................................................................................................13-1

Chart Q-2 System Maintenance Logs ...........................................................................................................13-1

Chart Q-3 UPnP Logs ...................................................................................................................................13-2

Chart Q-4 Content Filtering Logs.................................................................................................................13-2

Chart Q-5 Attack Logs..................................................................................................................................13-2

Chart Q-6 Access Logs .................................................................................................................................13-5

Chart Q-7 ACL Setting Notes .......................................................................................................................13-9

Chart Q-8 ICMP Notes ...............................................................................................................................13-10

Chart Q-9 Sys log .......................................................................................................................................13-11

Chart Q-10 Sample IKE Key Exchange Logs ............................................................................................13-13

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