STMicroelectronics STEVAL-CTM004V1 Manual de usuario
Introduction
The STEVAL-CTM009V1 evaluation kit for motor control is designed to demonstrate the capabilities of ST Power MOSFETs
based on STripFET™ F7 technology. The 100V STripFET™ F7 devices (STH31*N10F7) are ideal for low voltage (up to 48 V),
high current applications such as forklifts, golf carts and power tool.
The STEVAL-CTM004V1 power board features an insulated metal substrate (IMS), NTCs for thermal protection and decoupling
gate resistors for each power MOSFET. The board mounts ST devices in the H²PAK-6 package.
The driver stage is an STEVAL-CTM006V1 board with L6491 high current capability gate drivers to drive the power MOSFETs
and integrated comparator for protections. The driver board includes the ST motor control connector, so you can interface the
STEVAL-CTM009V1 with any ST MCU control board suitable for motor control (not included in the kit).
The system also has an STEVAL-CTM005V1 bus link capacitor board and an STEVAL-CTM008V1 current sensing board.
Figure 1. STEVAL-CTM009V1 evaluation kit
5 kW low voltage high current inverter for industrial motor control applications
UM2458
User manual
UM2458 - Rev 1 - October 2018
For further information contact your local STMicroelectronics sales office.
www.st.com
1Evaluation kit features
1.1 Electrical and functional characteristics
The kit features the following main characteristics:
•Power board with insulated metal substrate (IMS) hosting 36 STH310N10F7 or STH315N10F7 power
MOSFETS in the H²PAK-6 (6x switch) package, designed also for automotive applications.
• High and low-side, high current capability (L6491) gate driver with integrated comparator for fast protection
and smart shutdown functions.
• Maximum power 5 kW at 48 V.
• Isolated current sensing, bus voltage and temperature monitoring.
1.2 Target applications
The STEVAL-CTM009V1 kit is designed for applications involving motor drives for electric traction, such as:
•forklifts
• golf carts
• E-rickshaw
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2Safety and operating instructions
2.1 General terms
All operations involving transportation, installation and use, as well as maintenance, has to be carried out by
skilled technical personnel (national accident prevention rules must be observed). For the purpose of these basic
safety instructions, "skilled technical personnel" are considered as suitably qualified people who are familiar with
the installation, use, and maintenance of power electronic systems.
2.2 Intended use of evaluation kit
This evaluation kit is designed for demonstration purposes only and shall not be used for any commercial
purpose. The technical data, as well as information concerning power supply conditions, must be taken from the
relevant documentation and strictly observed.
2.3 Evaluation kit setup
• The evaluation kit must be set up in accordance with the specifications and the targeted application.
•The board contains electro-statically sensitive components that are prone to damage through improper use.
Electrical components must not be mechanically damaged or destroyed.
• Avoid any contact with other electronic components.
• During the motor driving, converters must be protected against excessive strain. Do not bend or alter the
isolating distances any components during transportation or handling.
2.4 Electronic connections
Applicable national accident prevention rules must be followed when working on the main power supply with a
motor drive. The electrical installation must be completed in accordance with the appropriate requirements. A
system architecture which supplies power to the evaluation board must be equipped with additional control and
protective devices in accordance with the applicable safety requirements (e.g., compliance with technical
equipment and accident prevention rules).
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3Evaluation kit overview
The STEVAL-CTM009V1 evaluation kit is designed to let you evaluate STH31*N10F7 power MOSFETs, which
are driven by high and low-side, L6491 high current capability gate drivers. The system includes a bulk capacitor
board and a current sensing board.
The STEVAL-CTM009V1 can be interfaced with any ST MCU evaluation board with embedded ST motor control
and ST FOC firmware library support.
This kit has been tested with the STEVAL-CTM001V1C (not included in this kit) control board of the STEVAL-
HKI001V1 kit), which features an STM32F303RB 32-bit microcontroller.
Figure 2. STEVAL-CTM009V1 block diagram
DRIVING STAGEPOWER STAGE
Not used
Motor Control
ICS
Ph_U driving
circuitry
Ph_V driving
circuitry
Ph_W driving
circuitry
Vin
L6491
driver
3V3 DC/DC 5V DC/DC
12V DC/DC
DRV->PW DRV->PW DRV->PW
L6491
driver
L6491
driver
ENC/HALL
PW->DRV PW->DRV PW>DRV
12x
STH315N10F7
in H2PAK-6
-
Phase_U Phase_V Phase_W
Shunt
resistor
Shunt
resistor
Shunt
resistor
12x
STH315N10F7
in H2PAK-6
12x
STH315N10F7
in H2PAK-6
connector on top
connector on bottom
NTC
LEGEND
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Evaluation kit overview
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4STEVAL-CTM004V1 power board
The STEVAL-CTM004V1 power board of the evaluation kit has 36 STH31*N10F7 N-channel Power MOSFETS in
the H²PAK-6 package. A gate resistor is placed near each power MOSFET to eliminate parasitic oscillation. A
pull-down resistor between the gate and the source of each transistor helps to avoid capacitive coupling driving
the transistor and unwanted switch-on when gate is floating. A snubber RC circuit on each switch limits the rate of
voltage change during switching transitions to reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI) and losses.
two decoupling capacitors close to the switching power MOSFETs reduce ringing on the VDS and voltage stress
on the devices. The capacitors reduce voltage overshoot caused by abrupt current change in the parasitic
inductors in the circuit.
To monitor the temperature of the power board and provide over-temperature protection, three NTCs are placed
on the power board near the drain of one power MOSFET for each inverter leg.
The power section also has connectors for the driver board, with CON5 (phase_U), CON6 (phase_V) and CON7
(phase_W) for gate driving and NTC sensing, and J3 for bus voltage. The board also hosts six towers near the
bulk capacitor board connection and three towers near the motor connection.
Figure 3. Main blocks of the STEVAL-CTM004V1 power board
4.1 STH315N10F7 N-channel Power MOSFET characteristics
The N-channel Power MOSFETs use STripFET™ F7 technology with an enhanced trench gate structure for very
low on-state resistance and reduces internal capacitance and gate charge for faster and more efficient switching.
The STH315N10F7 N-channel Power MOSFET has the following features:
• Designed for automotive applications and AEC-Q101 qualified
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• Among the lowest RDS(on) on the market
•Excellent figure of merit (FoM)
• Low Crss/Ciss ratio for EMI immunity
• High avalanche ruggedness
Figure 4. Package and internal schematic diagram
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STH315N10F7 N-channel Power MOSFET characteristics
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5Driver board and control board overview
Figure 5. STEVAL-CTM006V1 driver board functional blocks
1. connections to power board
2. motor control connector
3. ENC/HALL connector
4. ICS connector
5. L6491 drivers
6 3V3 DC/DC regulation
7. 5V DC/DC regulation
8. 12V DC/DC regulation
11 1
1555
4
3
7
8
6
2
5.1 STEVAL-CTM006V1 driver board
5.1.1 Power supply section
The power supply section provides all the voltages necessary for the circuitry. The required input voltage is 8 to
36 V input, which is supplied through connector JP1.
The input voltage is then converted to the following voltage levels:
•+12V for gate driver section (via an A7986 3 A step-down switching regulator)
• +5V and +3.3V for the control board (via an A6902 1 A switch step-down regulator)
5.1.2 Bus voltage monitoring
Bus voltage monitoring is implemented across an input voltage range of 5 to 75 V.
The following table shows the measured input voltage and the corresponding voltage level sent to the ADC input
of the STM32 microcontroller unit.
Table 1. Input voltage bus and input signal to STM32 ADC channel
Input Voltage ADC input
48V 2.0V
75V (max value) 3.1V
5.1.3 Temperature monitor
Three NTCs are placed on the power section to provide temperature information, although only one NTC may be
chosen at a time. Close one of the three jumpers S1, S2 or S3 to read the temperature near the U, V or W phase,
respectively. The microcontroller monitors processed signals to determine the temperature of the driver board and
manage any overload or over-temperature conditions.
To protect the hardware from excess temperature, a safe threshold is set in the STM32 FOC SDK software library.
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Driver board and control board overview
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Table 2. NTC electrical characteristics
Symbol Parameter Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit
R-40 Resistance T = -40°C - 105.7 - kΩ
R25 Resistance T = 25°C - 4.7 - kΩ
R100 Resistance T = 100°C - 0.426 - kΩ
B B- constant T = 25°C to 50°C - 3500 - -
T Operating temp range -40 125 °C
5.1.4 L6491 gate driver characteristics
The L6491 gate driver has the following main features:
•dV/dt immunity ± 50 V/ns in full temperature range
• Driver current capability: 4 A source/sink
• Switching times 15 ns rise/fall with 1 nF load
• 3.3 V, 5 V TTL/CMOS inputs with hysteresis
• Integrated bootstrap diode
• Comparator for fault protections
• Smart shutdown function
• Adjustable deadtime
• Interlocking function
• Compact and simplified layout
• Bill of material reduction
• Effective fault protection
• Flexible, easy and fast design
For detailed information on the product, see the device datasheet.
Figure 6. L6491 gate driver pin-out
Table 3. Pin functions of L6491 gate driver
Pin number Pin name Type Function
1 LIN I Low-side driver logic input (active low)
2SD / OD I/O
Shutdown logic input (active low)/open-drain
comparator output
3 HIN I High-side driver logic input (active high)
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Pin number Pin name Type Function
4 VCC P Lower section supply voltage
5 DT I Deadtime setting
6 SGND P Signal ground
7 PGND P Power ground
8 LVG O Low-side driver output
9 CP- I Comparator negative input
10 CP+ I Comparator positive input
11 NC Not connected
12 OUT P High-side (floating) common voltage
13 HVG O High-side driver output
14 BOOT P Bootstrapped supply voltage
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6STEVAL-CTM005V1 bus link capacitor board
In EV inverter systems, bus link capacitors reduce ripple current and suppress voltage spikes caused by leakage
inductance and switching operations. These capacitors provide a low impedance path for the ripple currents
caused by output inductance load, the bus voltage and PWM frequency.
The bus link capacitors must sustain a ripple current given by the following formula:
ΔI0.5t=0.25 × Vbus
f×L
Where:
•ΔI0.5t is the maximum ripple current when duty cycle is 50%
• Vbus is the bus voltage
• f is the switching frequency
• L is the load inductance.
For a very low inductance motor (worst case scenario), ΔI0.5t is about 48 ARMS (Vbus = 52 V, f = 8 kHz and
L = 12 μH). If we add 10% to ΔI0.5t and choose electrolytic capacitors with a ripple current of 2.4 A, 22 electrolytic
capacitors are required. The resulting capacitance is about 6 mF, leading to a negligible ripple voltage on the bus.
Figure 7. STEVAL-CTM005V1 bus link capacitor board
6.1 STEVAL-CTM008V1 current sensing board
The STEVAL-CTM008V1 current sensing board is a general purpose board for motor control that can read up to
three phase motor currents and DC bus currents if four ICS are on-board. The board included in the kit hosts two
ICS to read two phase currents.
This sensing feature determines motor currents for digital control based on FOC algorithms. The sensors provide
high accuracy, with 4 mV/A over a temperature range of -40 °C to +105 °C and a nominal current of 200 ARMS.
The internal reference voltage of the ICSs (according to their VCC) is generally used, but the reference voltage
can be overdriven by providing an external reference voltage through the J1 connector. A female to female flat
cable is used to connect CON2 on the driver board with J1 on the current sensing board.
The signals from the sensors center around 1.65 V (average value at zero current).
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STEVAL-CTM005V1 bus link capacitor board
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Este manual sirve para los siguientes modelos
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