SmarTrunk Systems ST-9116C Manual de usuario

UHF FM DIGITAL REPEATER

ST-9116C (400Mhz ~ 470Mhz)

SERVICE MANUAL

SmarTrunk Systems, INC.

ST-9116C SM R1.1

ST-9116C SM R 1.1 SMARTRUNK SYSTEMS, INC.

Contents

1. SPECIFICATIONS: ...................................................................................................................5

2. ST-9116 EXPLODED VIEW......................................................................................................6

3. ST-9116C SIMPLIFIED DIAGRAM ...........................................................................................7

4. - ST-9116C RF DESCRIPTION.................................................................................................... 8

4.1. CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION..................................................................................................... 8

4.2. RECEIVER SYSTEM .................................................................................................................8

4.2.1. FRONT-END RF RECEIVER......................................................................................................8

4.2.2. ANALOG AUDIO PROCESSING ...............................................................................................8

4.2.3. VIRTUAL SQUELCH CIRCUIT...................................................................................................9

4.2.4. VIRTUAL VOLUME CONTROL.................................................................................................9

4.2.5. SUB AUDIO SIGNALING ......................................................................................................... 9

4.2.6. ANALOG AUDIBLE SIGNALING............................................................................................... 9

4.2.7. DIGITAL AUDIO PROCESSING ..............................................................................................10

4.3. TRANSMITTER SYSTEM ....................................................................................................... 10

4.3.1. ANALOG TX SIGNAL FROM EXTERNAL MIC......................................................................... 10

4.3.2. ANALOG REPEATER LOOP ...................................................................................................11

4.3.3. DIGITAL TX AUDIO FROM EXTERNAL MIC:.......................................................................... 11

4.3.4. REPEATER DIGITAL TX AUDIO: ............................................................................................ 12

4.3.5. DRIVE AND FINAL AMPLIFIER STAGES.................................................................................12

4.3.6. AUTOMATIC TRANSMIT POWER CONTROL ........................................................................13

5. ST-9116 ALIGNMENT...........................................................................................................14

5.1. INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................14

5.2. ALIGNMENT:........................................................................................................................14

5.3. REQUIRED TEST EQUIPMENT ..............................................................................................15

5.4. ALIGNMENT PROCEDURE....................................................................................................15

5.4.1. GENERAL ALIGNMENT CONSIDERATIONS:..........................................................................15

5.5. MAIN REPEATER ALIGNMENT .............................................................................................16

5.6. TRANSMITTER ALIGNMENT: ...............................................................................................16

5.6.1. TX CLOCK ALIGNMENT: .......................................................................................................17

5.6.2. TRANSMIT POWER ALIGNMENT: ........................................................................................17

ST-9116C SM R 1.1 SMARTRUNK SYSTEMS, INC.

5.6.2.1. HIGH POWER LEVEL ALIGNMENT........................................................................................18

5.6.2.2. MID POWER LEVEL ALIGNMENT .........................................................................................19

5.6.2.3. LOW POWER LEVEL ALIGNMENT ........................................................................................19

5.6.3. ANALOG MAXIMUM DEVIATION FOR NARROW BAND ......................................................19

5.6.4. ANALOG MAXIMUM DEVIATION FOR WIDE BAND.............................................................20

5.6.5. FDMA DATA MODULATION ALIGNMENT:........................................................................... 20

5.6.6. TDMA DATA MODULATION ALIGNMENT: ..........................................................................21

5.6.7. SMARTRUNK II DEV ALIGNMENT (NARROWBAND):...........................................................21

5.6.8. SMARTRUNK II DEV ALIGNMENT (WIDE BAND): ................................................................22

5.6.9. EIA TONES LEVEL ALIGNMENT (NARROWBAND):...............................................................22

5.6.10. EIA TONES LEVEL ALIGNMENT (WIDE BAND): .................................................................... 23

5.6.11. DTMF SIGNALING LEVEL ALIGNMENT FOR NARROW BAND CHANNELS: ...........................23

5.6.12. DTMF SIGNALING LEVEL ALIGNMENT FOR WIDE BAND CHANNELS: .................................24

5.6.13. DCS SIGNALING ALIGNMENT FOR NARROW BAND CHANNELS:......................................... 25

5.6.14. DCS SIGNALING ALIGNMENT FOR WIDE BAND CHANNELS: ...............................................25

5.6.15. CTCSS SIGNALING ALIGNMENT FOR NARROW BAND CHANNELS ......................................26

5.6.16. CTCSS SIGNALING ALIGNMENT FOR WIDE BAND CHANNELS.............................................26

5.6.17. FSK SIGNALING ALIGNMENT FOR NARROW BAND CHANNELS: .........................................27

5.6.18. FSK SIGNALING ALIGNMENT FOR WIDE BAND CHANNELS:................................................27

5.6.19. RX CLOCK ALIGNMENT:.......................................................................................................28

5.7. RECEIVER ALIGNMENT ........................................................................................................30

5.7.1. ANALOG DISCRIMINATOR GAIN..........................................................................................30

5.7.2. FDMA DISCRIMINATOR GAIN..............................................................................................30

5.7.3. TDMA DISCRIMINATOR GAIN..............................................................................................31

5.7.4. ANALOG ROAMING GAIN.................................................................................................... 32

5.7.5. VOCODER OUT GAIN........................................................................................................... 32

5.7.6. VOCODER IN GAIN...............................................................................................................33

6. COMPLIMENTARY USER ALIGNMENT .................................................................................34

6.1. TEMPERATURE CONTROL: ..................................................................................................34

6.2. FAN CONTROL: ....................................................................................................................34

7. ST-9116C MAIN BOARD SCHEMATIC ..................................................................................37

ST-9116C SM R 1.1 SMARTRUNK SYSTEMS, INC.

8. ST-9116 FRONT BOARD SCHEMATIC............................................................................................... 38

9. COMPONENT LOCATOR .............................................................................................................. 39

9.1. ST-9116 COMPONENT LOCATOR (TOP LAYER) ...........................................................................39

9.2. ST-9116C COMPONENT LOCATOR (BOTTOM LAYER) .................................................................40

10. MAIN PCB LAYOUT...................................................................................................................... 41

10.1. MAIN PCB –TOP LAYER...............................................................................................................41

10.2. MAIN PCB –BOTTOM LAYER ......................................................................................................42

10.3. MAIN PCB –POWER LAYER......................................................................................................... 43

10.4. MAIN PCB –GROUND LAYER ......................................................................................................44

11. ST-9116 FRONT BOARD COMPONENT LOCATOR........................................................................45

12. ST-9116 FRONT BOARD LAYOUT.................................................................................................46

13. ST-9116 BOM ..............................................................................................................................47

13.1. ST-9116C MAIN PCB BOM........................................................................................................... 47

13.2. ST-9116C FRONT PANEL ASSEMBLY BOM................................................................................... 61

14. EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS........................................................................................................... 62

14.1. ACCESSORY PORT:.......................................................................................................................63

14.2. USB: USB 2.0 COMPLIANCE......................................................................................................... 63

14.3. EXTERNAL MIC CONNECTOR PIN OUT .......................................................................................64

14.4. SD CARD SOCKET......................................................................................................................... 65

15. List of Figures: .............................................................................................................................66

1. SPECIFICATIONS:

SPECIFICATION

UHF

GENERAL

Frequency Range

400 TO 470 [Mhz]

Channels

Digital Protocol

Digital FMDA / TDMA / ANALOG / HIBRID

IP Interface

TCP/UDP IEEE 802.3

Power

12 ~ 15 Vdc

Dimensions

90 (h) x 482.6 (w) x 173.1 (d) [mm] ; (3.5(h) x 19(w) x 5.65 (d)) (in)

Target Weight

2.4Kg (5.2lbs)

Temperature range

- 30 °C ~ 60 °C (-22°F ~ +140°F)

Signaling

51 CTCSS tones / 183 DCS tones / 65534 Express Fleet IDs

Display

COLOR TOUCH SCREEN TFT 480(W) × RGB × 272(H)

Microphone Connector

Yes

Power Saver control

Yes

TOT

Yes

Adjustable Power Selection

Auto + H/M/L

Adjustable Squelch Level

Analog

Password

Yes

Voice encryption

Voice Inversion/Multiple hop rolling

Key Function selection

Yes

Mechanics

19-inch rack mount design

TRANSMIT

RF power

40W (25W CDC)

Frequency Stability

+/- 1PPM

Bandwidth

12.5Khz/25Khz

Spurious emissions

-60dBC (typ)

Adjacent Channel Power

-65dBC min

SNR

45dB typ

Analog harmonic distortion

3% typ (AF 1Khz, 40% deviation)

Data transmit rate

2400/4800/9600 bps

Microphone connector

RJ-45 (8pin)

Analog Max frequency deviation

2.5Khz (12.5Khz) / 5Khz (25 Khz)

Ext. Mic. Impedance

600Ohms

RECEIVER

Analog Sensitivity

0.25uV (12dB Sinad)

Digital Sensitivity

0.3uV (5% BER)

Squelch Sensitivity

0.3uV (Threshold)

Spurious response

60dB typ

image rejection

60dB typ

HUM and NOISE ratio

45dB

Speaker Audio Power

Specifications subject to change without notice

2. ST-9116 EXPLODED VIEW

ST-9116C SM R 1.1 SMARTRUNK SYSTEMS, INC.

3. ST-9116C SIMPLIFIED DIAGRAM

Main Processor

[U37]

LPF Final AMP

Power Detection

U1 Driver

Q2 Buffer

AMP

TX CTRL

[Q9 Q18]

TX Radio

POWER CTRL

[U9] Audio Processor

TX Modem

[U20] TX VOCODER

[U21]

Audio Processor

RX Modem

[U35] RX VOCODER

[U22]

RX Radio

LPF AMPLIFIER

Q10

FILTER

D12/D13 FILTER

D9/D11

[U39]

[P1]

DISPLAY

AUDIO PA

[U36]

Sqelch

[R123]

Volume

[R131]

MIC

[J6]

FLASH

MEMORY

[U30]

RAM MEMORY

[U23]

PWM

SD Card

[U33]

CLOCK

[Y1]

[U41]

CLOCK

[Y3]

CLOCK

[Y4]

CLOCK

[Y2]

Filter

CTRL

[U10]

USB

[J8]

4. - ST-9116C RF DESCRIPTION

4.1. CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION

The receiver is a single receiver with

built DSP fully integrated.

Incoming signals from the antenna,

after passing through LPF filter, are

band limited by an active bandpass

filter then fed direct to the DSP

down converter to get the baseband

voice from 0Hz to 3500Hz.

Demodulated signals are filtered

and conditioned onto a second DSP

based filter, which also includes a

high efficiency 4FSK modem.

For digital demodulation, the

recovered data is fed into a vocoder,

which converts the data to voice.

Analog voice from the analog path

or the analog voice recovered from

the vocoder, are fed into an audio

power amplifier.

The transmit signal frequency is

generated by the integrated VCO

and PLL. RF frequency generated by

the integrated RF chip is amplified

into a 3-step amplifier then filtered

by a low pass filter to be applied to

the antenna.

4.2. RECEIVER SYSTEM

4.2.1. FRONT-END RF RECEIVER

Incoming RF signals from the RX

antenna are delivered to the

Receiver Unit and passing through

an active band pass filter.

D12 & D13 varicaps works with D9

& D11 as a tuned filter controlled

by U10.

In the middle of the filter chain. An

amplifier compensates the loss

introduced by the filter. The gain of

Q10, the amplifier, can be adjusted

to increase the overall RX gain up

to 10dB.

ST-9116 firmware adjusts the gain

of this amplifier to ensure the best

signal to noise relationship.

4.2.2. ANALOG AUDIO PROCESSING

The RF signal is tuned by U8, which

includes a base band DSP audio

processing, recovering flat audio

from DC up to 3500 hz.

Figure 1: Receiver block Diagram

Figure 2: Receiver Analog Audio Path Bloc Diagram

Radio

LPF

AMPLIFIER

Q10

FILTER

D12/D13

FILTER

D9/D11

Filter

CTRL

[U10]

Band pass control

Gain control

Main Processor

[U37]

RX Radio

AUDIO

[U36]

PWM

FILTER

Analog

Loop

Audio

Processor

RX Modem

[U35]

ST-9116C SM R 1.1 SMARTRUNK SYSTEMS, INC.

The detected audio is amplified,

filtered and conditioned inside of

U35 which also includes a de-

emphasize filtering for received

audio signals.

The output of the filtered and

conditioned audio is fed into one

ADC converter of the main

processor where it is converted to

PCM audio to be processed and

switched as per application

requirement.

One independent analog filtered

output is fed direct to transmit

audio processor for analog repeater

mode.

4.2.3. VIRTUAL SQUELCH CIRCUIT

RSSI is measured by the receiver

(U8) as the result of the analysis of

the signal and the noise of the

carrier. The output is sent to the

main processor (U37) as a digital

frame, which is analyzed by

repeater firmware.

In other way, R123 potentiometer

position is read by one ADC input

on the RX Audio Processor (U35)

the value between -132dBm and -

30dBm is calculated in agree to the

potentiometer angle.

If the RSSI is higher than the

expected value of squelch threshold

calculated and the monitor function

is enabled working in analog mode,

then the speaker is unmuted and

the PWM incoming audio (PCM) is

delivered to the PWM filter to be

integrated then it is fed to the

amplifier.

4.2.4. VIRTUAL VOLUME CONTROL

The PCM audio can be sent to the

speaker in case of monitoring is

required. On this case, the

processor generates a PWM audio,

which is filtered then delivered to

the audio Power Amplifier (U36).

Monitor audio volume control is

based on the reading of the volume

potentiometer (R131) by one of the

ADC inputs of the RX Audio

Processor (U35) then the value is

sent to the main processor through

the SPI bus.

Main Processor (U37) adjusts the

PWM level in agree to the desired

audio level.

4.2.5. SUB AUDIO SIGNALING

Received sub audio signaling as

CTCSS and DCS are received and

processed by the receiver (U8) then

detected on the audio processor

(U35). Once decoded, the sub audio

signaling is reported to the

processor where the firmware

compares it with the programmed

into the current channel

programming.

If the received signaling matches

the channel programming, then the

main processor (U37) requests the

audio processor (U35) to enables

the analog repeater mode

4.2.6. ANALOG AUDIBLE SIGNALING

DTMF signals, MDC1200 and tone

signals are processed and decoded

ST-9116C SM R 1.1 SMARTRUNK SYSTEMS, INC.

by the audio processor (U35).

Decoded information or received

tone is reported to the main

processor (U37).

4.2.7. DIGITAL AUDIO PROCESSING

Digital received information is

processed by the receiver DSP (U8)

then delivered to the audio

processor (U35), which includes a

high-speed modem.

Data decoded by the modem is

transferred to the main processor

(U37) which de-encrypts the

information, checks the integrity,

correct the wrong bits and extract

the audio information form the

received frame.

The portion of the data received,

error free, is moved to the RX

vocoder (U21).

The vocoder re-builds the audio

from the compressed data then

applies filters it, adjust the volume

and fed it back to the processor

(U37) where the analog signal is

sampled with AdPCM format,

filtered and processed to be

delivered to the PWM filter then to

the audio amplifier (U36). AdPCM

audio frames are also sent to the IP

port when the repeater is working

on wide area environments.

4.3. TRANSMITTER SYSTEM

4.3.1. ANALOG TX SIGNAL FROM

EXTERNAL MIC

The Mic signal coming from the

front connector is conditioned on

Mic Amplifier (U43), which is an

active filter to make band limitation

and level adjustments.

The result of the conditioned and in

band-filtered signal is fed to the TX

Audio Processor (U20), which

provides audio compander,

emphasize, limitation, encryption,

etc.

The high audio band of the signal

from 300 to 3500 Hz are directly fed

to the transmitter (U2), which

performs a direct modulation of a

generated carrier.

Low frequency signaling audio are

also fed directly to VC TXCO (Y1)

main clock generator and U2 with a

corresponding balance controlled

by software.

Figure 4: Analog Modulation path

Figure 3: Digital Receiver Audio Path Block Diagram

Main Processor

[U37]

Audio

Processor

RX Modem

[U35]

RX Radio

AUDIO

[U36]

PWM

FILTER

Vocoder

[U21]

AMPLIFIER

[U7]

AUDIO

PROCESSOR

[U12]

TRANSMITTER

[U2]

VC TXCO

[Y1]

Mic

Connector

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