Schonstedt Instrument MAC-5lB Manual de usuario

Instruction Manual

Model MAC-5lB

I ' . r' and Cable Locator E

^\,Iagnetrc an(l uaore Locato i

Manufactured By

Schonstedt Instrument Company

1775 Wiehle Avenue

Reston, Virginia 22090

(703) 471-1050

TWX: 710-833-9880

Printed May 1985

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section I General

Introduction

Cable Locator Mode.

Magnetic Locator Mode.

Standard Accessories.

Transmitter, Turn-On and Battery Check. . . .

Transmitter, Inductive Mode.

Transmitter, Conductive Mode.

Transmitter, Inductive Signal Clamp Mode.

Receiver, Function Selection and Turn-On. . . . .

Receiver, Sensitivity Settings

Tracing, Inductive Mode.

Tracing, Conductive Mode.

Section V Cable Locator Application Notes

Inductive Coupling.

Page

1-l

r-2

Receiver Compatible with Metrotech Model 480. . . . . . l-2

Specifications.... l-2

Section II Magnetic Locator Operation

Theorv of Ooeration.

Function Selection, Turn-On and Initial Setting

Low Sensitivitv Operation.

High Sensitivity Operation. . .

Search Procedure.

Section III Magnetic Locator Application Notes

Basic Sisnal Patterns

Strongly Magnetized Markers

Locatlig Maiholes, Septic Tanks and Water Wells. . . .

Locating Objects Under Snow or Water

and Tlacinq Barbed Wire. .

Searchins Areas Along a Chain Link Fence.

Locatins-Valve Boxes.

Locatins Cast-I

Other Notes. .

ron Pipes

Section IV Cable Locator Operation

Theory of Operation.

2-r

2-3

Lt- L

3-2

J-J

3-4

J-D

3-6

Conductive Couplin

Dealing with Clutter Signals.

Single-Lobe Identification. . . . .

Bends and Junctions.

4-r

4-2

ZT-J

4-3

4-4

4-5

4-6

5-l

5-1

5-2

D-J

5-4

Signal Spreading.

Section V Cable Locator Appiication Notes (cont.) Page

Magnetic Locator Function 5-4

Isolators and Signal Path Continuity. . .

Isolators and Inductive Excitation. . . . .

Isolators and Conductive Excitation. . . 5-6

Determining Target Depth by Triangulation. . 5-6

Section VI Maintenance

Replacement of Receiver Batteries

Replacement of Transmitter Batteries. . . .

Receiver Troubleshootins Guide

Transmitter Troubleshootins Guide.

Servicelnformation ......

Warranty

5-4

D-D

6-I

6-3

6-4

6-7

LIST OF FIGURES

Title

MAC-518 Magnetic and Cable Locator

Detecting Magnetic Field of an Iron Marker. . .

Sensitivity Set for Normal Range

Sensitivity Set for Low Range.

Sensitivity Set for High Range

Searching with the Locator

Signals from Vertical and Horizontal Targets. .

'X' Pattern Provides Precision Locatins.

Raising the Locator Eliminates Unwanted

Signals

Signal Pattern From a Strongly Magnetized

Marker.

Locating Manhole Covers

Locating Water Well Casings. . . . .

Signal Pattern Provided by Septic Tank

Handles

3-8 Locating Oblecis ""a"t Sno* o, #ut*. . . . . . .

3-9 Tracing Barbed Wire from Old Fence Lines. . .

3-I0 Searching in the Vicinity of a Chain Link Fence

3-i1 Placement of Locator While Searching

AlongaChainLinkFence. .........

3-12 Locating Valve Boxes

3-13 Signal Pattern Provided by Cast-Iron Pipes. . . .

4-I Transmitter and Receiver Placement

4-2 Signal Pattern from a Tracing Signal

Figure

l-t

2-L

z-J

z-D

3-I

3-2

3-3

.t-4

J-D

3-6

o-/

Page

1-1

2-).

2-2

2-3

3-l

3-2

J-.'

J-J

.r-.J

.t-4

3-4

!t-D

J-O

3-6

4-l

4-2

lll

Figure

LIST OF FIGURES (cont.)

Title

Transmitter Controls

Transmitter Operating Positions

Transmitter Hookup for Conductive

Operation

Inductive Signal ClamP HookuP

Sensitivity Set for Normal Range.

Null Shape Versus Sensitivity Setting.

Inductive Mode Tracing. . . '

Conductive Mode Tracing. . , . .

Inductive Coupling SetuP.

Conductive CouPling SetuP.

Repositioning Transmitter to Reduce

Interference

Sinsle Lobe Identification Technique

Identification of Bends andJunctions. . . . . . . . .

Gas Line Isolator Bypassed with Shorting Wire

Pedestal with Grounding Clip Installed.

Pedestal with Groundwire Removed. . .

Determining Approximate Depth of Target' ' '

Page

L-9

4-3

4-4

4-D

4-6

6-l

6-2

o-t)

6-5

6-6

4-3

4-4

4-5

4-6

4-7

4-B

4-9

4-10

5-I

5-2

D-O

5-4

D-D

5-6

D-/

5-8

5-9

4-6

D- t-

5-2

D-.t

o-J

D-D

b-b

D-1

6-I Exploded View of Receiver Electronic Unit ' ' '

6-2 Replacement of Receiver Batteries

6-3 Replacement of Transmitter Batteries' ' ' ' ' ' ' '

6-4 MAC-slB Receiver Repair Parts. '

6-5 MAC-SIB Transmitter Repair Parts '

Section I

General

Introduction

The MAC-5lB Magnetic and Cable Locator is a light-weight, dual-

mode instrument designed for detecting buried iron and steel objects

and tracing underground cables and pipes. The system consists of two

major units: a transmitter and a dual-function receiver. Both units

use C-cell batteries that provide up to 50 hours of operation.

Cable Locator Mode

When used in the cable locator mode, the transmitter generates a

distinctive ac signal which is applied to the cable or pipe, The receiver

is used to detect and trace the signal as it travels along the cable/pipe.

A siren-like tone from the receiver is easily identified as the tracing

signal. The approximate depth of an underground cable can be

determined using the 45' null-point triangulation method. Operation

of the MAC-5IB in the cable locator mode is explained in Sections IV

and V,

Magnetic Locator Mode

The receiver is the only unit required for operation in the magnetic

mode, Set the receiver M/C function switch to "M". adiust the

sensitivity control, and you have the best magnetic locator available.

Operation of the magnetic locator mode is explained in Sections II

and III.

Switching from cable locator mode to magnetic locator mode while

tracing a cable is a unique method for unscrambling ground clutter.

Gas and water pipes in the immediate vicinity of a cable can emit

parasitic signals that distort the identification null. In the magnetic

mode cast-iron water pipes and gas lines can be identified quickly and

even classified as to type by the conventional spacing of joints, which

provide the strongest signals.

Figure 1-1. MAC-578 Magnetic and Cable Locator

1-l

Standard Accessories

Basic accessories supplied with the MAC-SIB include an earphone

jack, a spare batteries holder and a conductive cable assembhl with

ground stake. An inductive signal clamp and earphon"r ur" urruilubl"

as options.

Receiver Compatible with Metrotech* Model480

The 82.5 kHz tracing signal detected by the MAC-blB receiver in

the cable locator mode is the same frequency used by the Metrotech*

Model480-Pipe and Cable Locating System. The MAC-51B receiver,

available from Schonstedt Instrument Company as a separate unit,

can be used as a direct replacement for the Metrotech 480 receiver in

conjunction with the Model480 transmitter.

-[{"tt.t""h t, a registered trademark of Metrotech Corporation

SPECIFICATIONS

TRANSMITTER

Operating Voltage

Battery Life

Output Frequency

Audio Indicator

Weight

Operating Temperature

Overall Size

RECEIVER

Operating Voltage

Battery Life

Output Frequency

Weight

Operating Temperature

Overall Length

12 Volts (eight C-Cell batteries)

50 hours intermittent operation at 70o F

82.5 kHz modulated at 382 Hz. nulsed

at 4,8 Hz (inductive or conductive)

2.58 kHz pulsed at 4.8 Hz

Approximately 5.5 lb.(2.5 kg.)

0o F to 120' F (-18' C to 49' C)

43.5 in. x 7 in. x 5 in. (110.5 cm. x l7.B

cm. x 12.7 cm.)

6 Volts (4 C-Cell batteries)

50 hours intermittent operation at 70' F

Approximately 40 Hz idling tone from

speaker, Frequency ofpulsing tone in-

creases (ot decreases) with signal

intensity.

Approximately 3 lb. (1,36 kg.)

0o F to 120' F (-18" C to 49. C)

42.3 in. (107.4 cm.)

I-2

SPECIFICATIONS (cont. )

RECEMR (cont.)

Waterproof Length 34.5 in. (87.6 cm.)

Nominal Sensor Spacing 20 in. (50.8 cm.)

(Specifications subject to change without notice)

PATENTS

Manufactured under the following patents: United Statesr 2,916,696;

2,981,885; 3,894,283; 3,909,704; 3,96I,245; 3,977,07 2; 4, I 10,689;

4,161,568; 4,163,877; 4,258,320 and Design 255552. Canadar

637,963; 673,375; 1,006,915; 1,037,121; and 1,141,003. Great

Britain: I,446,741; 1,448,742 and 1,494,865. France: 2.205.67L

Germany: 25 51 968,0-09; 23 55 630; and 29 01 163. Other United

States and foreign patents pending.

1-3

Section II

Magnetic Locator Operation

Theory of Operation

In the magnetic locator mode, the MAC-SIB receiver responds

when the magnetic field strength at the two sensors, which are 20

inches apart, is different. This response consists of a change in the

idling frequency of the signal emitted from the speaker.

Figure 2-l illustrates an application of the locator in which it is

used to detect an iron marker of the type used for property line

identification, The magnetic field of the marker is stronger at sensor

A than it is at sensor B, As a result, the frequency of the signal on the

speaker is higher than the 40 Hz idling frequency which exists when

the fieid strength is the same at both sensors.

SENSOR A

\ \--lr, o 1\-/

d\ O IRON MARKER O

Figure 2-1. Detecting Magnetic Field ot' an lron Marker

Function Selection, Turn-On and Initial Sensitivity Setting

Set the M/C Function switch to M and adiust the ON/OFF-

Sensitivity control for mid-position as shown in Figure 2-2. With the

knob in this position, the sensitivity is set for what is referred to as the

Normal Range,

In most areas the locator can be oriented in any direction without

producing a significant change in the frequency of the tone from its

idling rate. However, in some areas where magnetic disturbances are

encountered from nearby structures, rocks, sand or trash, the control

should be adjusted for lower sensitivity as illustrated in Figure 2-3.

ON /OFF

SENSITIVITY

M/C FUNCTION

swtTcH

EARPHONES JACK

Figure 2-2. Sensi,ti.aity Set Jor Normal Range

Low Sensitivity Operation

Unwanted background signals due to nearby magnetic objects may

require that the effective range of the locator be reduced. This is

accomplished by turning the sensitivity knob in a counter-clockwise

direction. Reduced range is useful for pinpointing the location of a

strongly magnetized marker.

Figure 2-3. Sensitiuity Set Jor Lou Range

High Sensitivity Operation

. T-hq sensitivity of the locator is increased by turning the sensitivity

knob in a clockwise direction. A high sensitivity setting imposes some

constraints _on operating rnethods. The locator tone will vary in

frequency depending on the instrument's orientation relative to the

Earth's masnetic field.

Figure 2-4. Sensitiaity Set Jor High Range

Search Procedure

Set the sensitivity control for normal operation and hold the locator

just below the large end as illustrated in Figure 2-5. Because the

upper sensor is Iocated near the area where the locator is usually held,

wrist watches may produce unwanted changes in the signal

frequency, Therefore, a watch worn on the the wrist of the hand

holding the locator should be removed. Avoid bringing the locator

close to your shoes, since they might contain magnet-ic iraterial.

To obtain maximum -area coverage, the locator should be swept

from side-to-side with the small end of the instrument kept close to

the gro-und. A higher frequency tone from the speaker wili be heard

when the locator is within range of an iron or sieel obiect,

When using a high sensitivity

setting, avoid turning thelocator

about its long axis, This may

produce tonal variations in the

output signal because of sensor

misalignment.

The presence of a ferromaq-

netic object will be indicated by

a change in the tone of the out-

put frequency.

Figure 2-5. Searching uith the Locator

2_3

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