R&S FSH3 Manual de usuario

Third Edition June 2006

Handheld

Spectrum Analyzer ¸FSH

¸FSH3 100 kHz to 3 GHz

¸FSH6 100 kHz to 6 GHz

2Handheld Spectrum Analyzer ¸FSHHandheld Spectrum Analyzer ¸FSH2

The ¸FSH is the ideal spectrum analyzer for

rapid, high-precision, cost-effective signal investi-

gations. It provides a large number of measure-

ment functions and so can handle anything from

the installation or maintenance of a mobile

radio base station up to on-site fault location in

RF cables as well as development and service

– an extensive range of applications.

Spectrum analysis

anywhere, anytime

– on earth and in space

Due to its excellent characteristics,

the ¸FSH 3 is used on board the

International Space Station (ISS) for

distance-to-fault measurements on

RF antenna cables.

12Handheld Spectrum Analyzer ¸FSH

Robust edge protection,

stable carrying handle

Easy operation

Four hours operating time on battery power

Storage of up to 256 traces and setups

Easy data transfer to PC

High measurement accuracy

Best RF characteristics in its class

Handy, robust and

portable

The ¸FSH has been designed as a robust,

portable spectrum analyzer that can be used in

the field.

The ¸FSH can, of course, also be used on

the lab bench. The ¸FSH has an adjust-

able, fold-out stand to position the instrument

to an optimal display viewing angle.

Softkey functionFunction keys

Trace

Memory Trace

Clear/Write

Max/Min Hold

Average

View

Detectors

– Auto Peak

– Sample

– Max/Min Peak

– RMS



The ¸FSH and its accessories can be stored and

transported in the compact and sturdy aluminum transit

case.

3Handheld Spectrum Analyzer ¸FSH

General instrument setups

Default setting

Current instrument setting

Rotary knob

Cursor keys

Color display with 320×240

pixel, switchable to mono-

chrome display for high-contrast

display when used in direct

sunlight in the ﬁeld

RS-232-C optical interface

Simple menu-based operation

via softkeys

Memory for up to 256 traces

and setups

Direct printout of measure-

ment results



Selection of following functions:

Marker

Delta marker

Noise marker

Frequency counter

Multimarker



Selection of measurement

functions:

Spectrum analysis

Scalar network analysis

Vector network analysis

Receiver mode

Channel power

TDMA power

Occupied bandwidth

DTF

3GPP code domain power

Isotropic antenna

C/N measurement

Power

Transducer factors

Limit lines

Display line



AC power supply connector

Trigger input/

external reference input

Generator output, N connector

Power sensor connector

RF input, N connector

Headphones connector ¸FSH 3 ¸FSH 6

Frequency range 100 kHz to 3 GHz 100 kHz to 6 GHz

Resolution bandwidths 1 kHz to 1 MHz (model .13)

100 Hz to 1 MHz (models .03 and .23)

100 Hz to 1 MHz

Video bandwidths 10 Hz to 1 MHz

Displayed average noise level typ. –114 dBm (1 kHz) (model .13)

typ. –135 dBm (100 Hz) (models .03 and .23)

typ. –135 dBm (100 Hz)

TOI typ. 13 dBm

SSB phase noise <–100 dBc (1 Hz) at 100 kHz from carrier

Detectors sample, max/min peak, auto peak, RMS

Level measurement uncertainty <1.5 dB, typ. 0.5 dB

Reference level –80 dBm to +20 dBm

Dimensions 170 mm × 120 mm × 270 mm

Weight 2.5 kg

Data in brief

Handheld Spectrum Analyzer ¸FSH4

Application

TDMA power measurements

Channel-power measurements

Field-strength measurements/

measurements with isotropic antenna

Power measurements up to 8 GHz/18 GHz

Directional power measurements up to 1 GHz/4 GHz

Measurements on cables (distance-to-fault)

Scalar transmission measurements

Vector transmission measurements

Scalar reflection measurements

Vector reflection measurements

Remote control via RS-232-C

interface

Product

1) For ¸FSH 3 model .23 with serial number 103500 or later.

2) ¸FSH-K2 required.

¸FSH standard function

Not available

The ¸FSH is available as a 3 GHz or 6 GHz model either with or without an internal tracking

generator. When the tracking generator is included, the ¸FSH can be used for distance-to-fault

(DTF) measurements, scalar and vector network analysis, and one-port cable loss measurement.

Almost all models come standard with an adjustable preamplifier, making them suitable for measur-

ing very small signals. Power sensors are available as accessories for high-precision terminating

power measurements up to 8 GHz or 18 GHz as well as for directional power measurements up to

4 GHz. The following tables show possible configurations for various applications and an overview

of available models.

¸FSH – options and applications

Receiver mode

One-port cable loss

measurements

¸FSH (models .03/.06)

with preamplifier

¸FSH (model .13)

with tracking generator

¸FSH (models .23/.26)

with tracking generator and

preamplifier

¸FSH – models

Frequency range Tracking generator Output power of

tracking generator

Preampliﬁer Resolution bandwidth

¸FSH3 model .03 100 kHz to 3 GHz – – 100 Hz to 1 MHz

¸FSH3 model .13 100 kHz to 3 GHz –20 dBm – 1 kHz to 1 MHz

¸FSH3 model .23 100 kHz to 3 GHz –20 dBm/0 dBm selectable 100 Hz to 1 MHz

¸FSH6 model .06 100 kHz to 6 GHz – – 100 Hz to 1 MHz

¸FSH6 model .26 100 kHz to 6 GHz –10 dBm (f < 3 GHz)

–20 dBm (f > 3 GHz)

100 Hz to 1 MHz

C/N measurements

Channel tables

Code domain power measurements

on 3GPP base stations

+¸

FSH-Z1/

-Z18

+¸

FSH-Z14/-

Z44

+¸

FSH-Z1/

-Z18

+¸

FSH-Z2/Z3

+¸

FSH-B1

+¸

FSH-Z2/Z3

+¸

FSH-B1

+¸

FSH-Z14/-

Z44

+¸

FSH-Z1/

-Z18

+¸

FSH-Z14/-

Z44

+¸

FSH-Z2

+¸

FSH-Z2/Z3



  

 



+¸

FSH-K3

+¸

FSH-K3

+¸

FSH-K3

+¸

FSH-K1

+¸

FSH-K1

+¸

FSH-K1

+¸

FSH-Z2/Z3

+¸

FSH-K2

+¸

FSH-Z2/Z3

+¸

FSH-K2

– – – –



–

–

+¸

FSH-K4

5Handheld Spectrum Analyzer ¸FSH

Field-strength measurements with isotropic

antenna

When used with the ¸TS-EMF isotropic antenna, the ¸FSH can

determine the direction-independent resultant ﬁeld strength in the frequency

range from 30 MHz to 3 GHz. For measuring the resultant ﬁeld strength, the

antenna has three orthogonal antenna elements. The ¸FSH successively

triggers the three antenna elements and calculates the resultant ﬁeld strength.

The calculation takes into account the antenna factors for each individual

antenna element as well as the cable loss of the connecting cable.

TDMA power measurements

By means of the TDMA POWER function, the ¸FSH performs time-domain

power measurements within a timeslot of TDMA (time division multiple access)

methods. All the settings required for the GSM and EDGE standards are

predeﬁned on the ¸FSH to make these measurements easier for the user.

In addition, up to ﬁve user-deﬁnable instrument setups can be loaded into the

¸FSH using the ¸FSH View software.

Channel-power measurements

The ¸FSH determines the power of a deﬁnable transmission channel

by means of the channel-power measurement function. A channel-power

measurement for the digital mobile radio standards 3GPP WCDMA, cdmaOne

and CDMA2000® 1x is performed at a keystroke with all the correct instrument

settings. With the ¸FSH View software, the user can quickly and easily

deﬁne further standards and load them into the ¸FSH.

Field-strength measurements

When measuring electric ﬁeld strength, the ¸FSH takes into account

the speciﬁc antenna factors of the connected antenna. Field strength is

displayed directly in dBµV/m. If W/m2is selected, the power ﬂux density is

calculated and displayed. In addition, frequency-dependent loss or gain of, for

example, a cable or an ampliﬁer can be corrected. For quick and easy result

analysis, the ¸FSH provides two user-deﬁnable limit lines with automatic

limit monitoring.

¸FSH with Active Directional Antenna ¸HE 200 (optional accessory)

CDMA2000® is a registered trademark of the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA USA)

¸FSH with Isotropic Antenna ¸TS-EMF (optional accessory)

Handheld Spectrum Analyzer ¸FSH6

Channel tables

If preferred, the ¸FSH can be tuned by channel numbers rather than by

entering the frequency. The channel number is displayed instead of the center

frequency. Users who are accustomed to channel assignments, which are

common in TV and mobile radio applications, can operate the ¸FSH more

easily. The channel tables are generated with the ¸FSH View software

and loaded into the ¸FSH. The ¸FSH includes TV channel tables for a

number of countries

Receiver mode

When equipped with the option ¸FSH-K3, the ¸FSH can be operated

as a receiver for monitoring and precompliance EMC applications. Measure-

ments are performed at a predeﬁned frequency with a user-selectable measure-

ment time. In the scan mode, the ¸FSH sequentially measures each level

at various frequencies deﬁned in a channel table. The channel tables are

generated with the ¸FSH View software and loaded into the ¸FSH. For

a few TV transmitter and mobile radio standards, the tables are predeﬁned. In

addition, the CISPR bandwidths 200 Hz, 9 kHz, 120 kHz and 1 MHz are available

for EMI emission measurements. The ¸FSH offers peak, average, RMS and

quasi-peak detectors.

C/N measurements

The ¸FSH offers a carrier/noise (C/N) measurement for determining the

ratio of carrier power to noise power or carrier power to noise power density.

The ¸FSH supports three different modes for carrier power measurement.

In the CW TX mode, the ¸FSH determines the power of an unmodulated

carrier. In the digital TX mode, it determines the channel power of a reference

channel, as is common with digitally modulated carriers (e.g. the DAB, DVB,

DVB-T, DVB-H and J.83/A/B/C standards). Furthermore, the ATSC standard for

digital terrestrial television with 8VSB modulation is supported. In the analog

TV mode, the ¸FSH measures the peak power of the vision carrier with

amplitude-modulated TV signals.

7Handheld Spectrum Analyzer ¸FSH

Power measurements

The Power Sensors ¸FSH-Z1 and ¸FSH-Z18 expand the ¸FSH to a

high-precision RF power meter up to 8 GHz and 18 GHz respectively. As with

thermal sensors, the true RMS value of the measured signal is obtained over

the entire measurement range of –67 dBm to +23 dBm irrespective of the

signal waveform. In particular with modulated signals, additional measurement

errors can thus be prevented, and handling becomes easy.

Directional power measurements

The Directional Power Sensors ¸FSH-Z14 and ¸FSH-Z44 turn the

¸FSH into a full-ﬂedged directional power meter with a frequency range of

25 MHz to 1 GHz and 200 MHz to 4 GHz. The ¸FSH can then simultaneously

measure the output power and the matching of transmitter system antennas

under operating conditions. The power sensors measure average power up

to 120 W and normally eliminate the need for any extra attenuators. They are

compatible with the common standards GSM/EDGE, 3GPP WCDMA, cdmaOne,

CDMA2000® 1x, DVB-T and DAB. Additionally, the peak envelope power (PEP)

can be determined up to a maximum of 300 W.

Measurements on cables (distance to fault)

The option ¸FSH-B1 allows the distance to any faults in an RF cable to

be determined rapidly and accurately. Distance-to-fault measurements using

the ¸FSH-Z2/-Z3 VSWR bridge give an immediate overview of the state of

the device under test (return loss and distance, see ﬁgure). The marker-zoom

function allows detailed analysis of faults with a resolution of up to 1024 pixel.

Only applies to the ¸FSH with tracking generator and options ¸FSH-B1

(distance-to-fault measurement) and ¸FSH-Z2/-Z3 (VSWR bridge) installed

Handheld Spectrum Analyzer ¸FSH8

Scalar transmission and reflection measure-

ments with VSWR bridge (¸FSH-Z2/-Z3 as

accessory)

The ¸FSH with built-in tracking generator rapidly determines the

transmission characteristics of cables, filters, amplifiers, etc, with a

minimum of effort. When equipped with the ¸FSH-Z2/-Z3 VSWR bridge

(10 MHz to 3 GHz/6 GHz), the ¸FSH can also measure the matching (return

loss, reﬂection coefﬁcient or VSWR) of an antenna, for example. The bridge is

screwed directly onto the ¸FSH’s RF input and tracking generator output

without involving cumbersome, extra cabling. The innovative design of the

¸FSH-Z3 VSWR Bridge with integrated RF bypass switch allows the

user to make spectrum and transmission measurements also with the bridge

connected. Active components such as ampliﬁers can be supplied directly via

the RF cable by means of the two integrated bias tees.

Vector transmission and reflection measurements

Compared to scalar measurements, the optional ¸FSH-K2 vector measure-

ment signiﬁcantly increases measurement accuracy and dynamic range for

transmission and reﬂection measurements. This is possible because the receive

signal is analyzed with respect to magnitude and phase. After calibration,

complex correction of the system errors can be effected by the ¸FSH.

To allow detailed analysis of the matching of, for example, an antenna, the

magnitude and phase are displayed in a Smith chart. A user-deﬁnable limit line

comes in handy when evaluating the measurement results.

One-port cable loss measurements

The ¸FSH with tracking generator and VSWR bridge can determine the

cable loss of previously installed long cables without much effort. One end of

the cable is connected to the VSWR bridge, and the other end is terminated

with a short circuit or simply left open. The calculated cable loss represents

the average value within the displayed frequency range. The loss at speciﬁc

frequencies is determined via markers. The one-port cable loss measurement is

only available with the option ¸FSH-K2.

¸FSH-Z3 VSWR bridge

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