Radio Shack TRS-80 III Manual de usuario

\,I

lIa«llo/haeK

TRS-SO

ModelII

Operation

Manual

Guide

Using

the

Computer:

Connection,

Power-Up and Operation

CUSTOM MANUFACTURED IN THE U.S.A. BY RADIO SHACK

ADIVISION

TANDY CORPORATION

-.-

Contents

Brief description of basic system 5

Installation , 8

Operation ,

Turning the Computer

Using the RESET switch

Inserting aDiskette

Removing aDiskette

Loading the Operating System

Keyboard Operation

Video Display Adjustment

Power-Up Diagnostic Messages

Care and Maintenance ,

Care of Diskettes

Tips

Labeling Diskettes

Add-Ons ,

Additional

RAM

Additional drives

Peripherals

Other boards

Specifications ,

, ,

Display Character Set

Power Supply

Floppy Disk Drive

Serial Interface Signals and Levels

Parallel Interface Signals and Levels

.--..

,.-

j1/

Brief

Description

,System

The

Radio

ShackTRS-80 Model II

adisk-based computer system

consisting

two majorcomponents:

• a Display Console with built-in disk drive

• a separate Keyboard Enclosure

The

Operating System software

loaded from diskette by abuilt-in

"bootstrap"

program.

Here

abriefdescription

the functional elements

the Computer.

Processor

the

heart

the

Computer

aZ-80A microprocessor operating at its

maximum design speed (4 million machine-cycles per second).

The

processor receives power-up and reset instructions from read-only

memory

(ROM).

After the TRSDOS initialization program

loaded from

disk, this

ROM

is electronicallyswitchedout

thesystem and replaced with

random

access memory (RAM).

Random Access Memory (RAM)

The

basicsystemincludes 32K bytes

randomaccess memory.

(lK

=1024.)

additional32Kbytescanbeadded, for atotal

64K bytes

addressable

RAM.

Video Display

The

Video

Display has its own LSI controller chip, to free the Z-80A

processor from display refresh and related tasks.

The

Displayofferstwo modes:

charactersby24 lines, and40 charactersby

24 lines.

The

displayable character set includes the full ASCII set (upper and

lower case alphabet, numbers, and special symbols), plus

graphics

characters.

Each

charactercan be displayed as white on black

black

white. SeeDisplayable Characters in Section

MODEL II OPERATION

Keyboard

The

ModelIIKeyboard has its ownLSI controllertofree the Z-80A processor

from keyboardscan and related tasks.

The

Keyboard

in aseparatecase and

is connectedto

the

DisplayConsolevia abuilt-incable atthebottomfront

the

Console.

The

Model II has the standard typewriter keys (letters, numbers and

punctuation symbols); however, each

ofthese

keys can output several

different codes to the Computer, depending on which mode the Keyboard

in: Unshift, Shift, Caps,

Control. In addition, the Keyboard features a

Repeat

key

and

two programmable "function" keys. (See Keyboard

Operation.)

Floppy Disk Drive

The

Model II includes abuilt-in

disk drive.

to 3more drives can be

added

externalExpansion Unit. (See Section6, Add-Oos.) Because

special high-density recording technique, each diskette can contain 509,184

bytes

information, which

more than 5times the capacity

a5-1/4"

diskette.

(It

wouldtake a

wpm typist24 hours

typing atspeedto

fill

diskette.)

Note:

Actual

space available to user

determined by the Operating System.

The

"SystemDrive" (the one that's built-in) must always contain an Operating

System diskette.

The

other

optional drives can de devoted exclusively to the

storage

user programs and data. (See the Disk Operating System Manual

for actual diskette space allocation.)

Peripheral Interfaces

There

are four interface connections on the back

the Display Console:

•Two serial (RS-232-C) Input/Output (I/O) channels

• A parallel

I/O

channel, e.g., for connection to TRS-80 standard

parallel-interface line printers

•Floppy-disk

I/O

channelfor connection

theModel II Disk Expansion

Unit

The

DisplayConsolealso providesconnectorsand slots for future expansion.

(See Section 6, Add-Oos.)

BRIEF DESCRIPTION

Keyboard Case

Display Console

Figure 1: TRS-80 Model

Power Switch for -

Entire System

Reset -

Press up

to reset

computer

Drive Release bar

Drive Select -

LED-

Lights up

during disk

operation

Floppy Disk

Drive

Keyboard Connector

Cable

(not shown)

MODEL II OPERATION

2/Installation

Carefully unpacktheSystem. Remove all packingmaterial andsave it in case

you

ever

need to transport the System. Be sure you locate all cables, papers,

diskettes, etc.

Place

the

DisplayConsole

thesurfacewhere you'llbeusing theComputer.

The

Computer

should be near a120 V

outlet, so that extension cables

won't

necessary. (See Notes

Power Sources.)

Notice the cableatthe bottomright

theDisplayConsole. Plug this into the

jack

the right rear

the Keyboard Case. (See Figure 2.)

Once

connected, the Keyboard Case can be pushed back into the recessed

area

the base

the Display Console,

moved to any convenient place

within 2- 2 1/2 feet

the Console.

(For

connection

additional peripheral equipment, see Section 6, Add-

Ons.)

Connect

the

female plug

the Power Cord to the back

the Display

Console.

Connect

the

other

end

to asource of

120

VAC,

Hz. (See

Figure

3.)

Figure

Power Cord connectzd to Dis-

play Console Figure

Display Console connected to

keyboard.

Note:

The

powercord has athree-prong safety plug to provide areliable

ground

for the system. This ground

very important to the System.

at all

possible, plug it directly into athree-prong socket. Otherwise use a3-to-2

prong

adapter

and

ground the adapter.

Notes on AC Power Sources

Computers

aresensitive tofluctuations in the powersupply at the wall socket,

from very short-duration (millionths

asecond) voltage spikes, to

prolongeddrops in current

voltage. This

rarely aproblemunless you are

operatingin thevicinity

heavy electricalmachinery. The powersupply may

also

unstable if some appliance

office machine in the vicinity has a

defective switch which arcs when turned on

off.

Your

TRS-80Model IIcontainsaspecially designed, built-in

line filter.

should eliminate all

but

the

most severe interference problems. Should you

still experience power-line interference, you should take some

all

the

following steps:

•Install bypass/isolation devices to the noisy appliance

•Fix the defective switch

•Install aseparate power line

•Install aspecial line filter designed for use with computers and other

electronic equipment

In severe conditions, all actions may be required.

Power

line problems are rare and many times can be prevented by proper

choice

installation location.

The

more complex the system and the more

serious

the

application, the more consideration you should give to providing

ideal power-source for your Computer.

-MODEL

OPERATION

3/Operation

sure all drives in the System are empty, and all

components

are

turned

off.

no Disk Expansion

System is

present,

be sure to connect the Disk

Terminator

plug to

the

Computer.

Turn

the

Computer

(Display Console). Wait until

the

message

"INSERT

DISKEITE"

appears

the

display.

Ifthe

message fails to

appear

within

seconds, press

RESET.

it stilI fails to appear, turn

the

Computer

off

and

check all connections. Wait at

least

seconds

before

starting over at step

When

"INSERT

DISKETTE"

displayed, turn on

the

Disk

Expansion

System (if connected) and all

other

peripherals.

Insert

the

System diskette into drive 0

and

close the

drive

door.

The

Computer

will load the operating

system

and

prompt

you to

enter

the

date

and time.

Before

turning

the

Computer

off, remove

alI

diskettes

from alI drives.

Then

turn off the entire

system.

After

any

power-down, wait at least

seconds

before

turning

the

System

again. Start at step

Using the RESET Switch

you

should

ever

lose

Keyboard

control

theSystem,

you simply

want

re-initialize, press

RESET

upmomentarily

and

release it.

The

Computer

will

repeat

the

power-up

sequence,

but

the contents

user memory will

not

affected.

Note:

You

not

need

to remove the diskette during this

Reset

sequence.

OPERATION

Notes

Diskettes

Diskettesare precision recording media. Handle them carefully,

described

under

Section5, CareandMaintenance. Be sure you don'ttouch theexposed

diskette surfaces.

Before

inserting the diskette, check the write protect notch. (See

illustration.)

you do

not

want to write to that diskette, it

agood idea to

leave it "write-protected". This way, the Operating System will

notlet

you

accidentally write to that diskette. To write-protect adiskette, just leave the

write-protect notch UNcovered.

(See

Figure

4.)

you do want to write to the diskette, cover the write protect notch with

gummed-foil tape provided with the diskette.

Leave Uncovered

for Write-Protection

Read/Write

Notch

Figure

Adiskette

and

awrite-protected diskette.

Note:

Any

alteration

the

data

the diskette -even the deletion

data

programs, requires that the diskette not be write-protected. (Cover the

notch with gummed foil tape.)

Inserting aDiskette

the

drive door

closed, openit by pressing the release baruntil the door

springs open. (Refer toFigure 5.)

Remove

the

Operating System diskette from its storage envelope. Grasp

the

labelsidewith the labelfacing away from the Display and insertit into

the

drive slot (see photo).

Gently

push the diskette all the way into the slot.

the

door

by moving it toward the left until it clicks into place. Some

pressure may be required.

MODEL II OPERATION

Removing adiskette

Never remove adiskette while the Drive Select light is on, or while adisk file

is Open.

PresstheDrive Release Bar.The

door

will openandthe diskette will bepartly

ejected. Carefully remove it, taking care that the shiny diskette surface

doesn't

touch

the

chassis

drive door on the way out.

Note:

Once

adiskette has been seated in the drive, you must shut the drive

door

before

you can remove the diskette.

Figure

Inserting adiskette (Label

might

extend vertically across the diskette).

Loading the Operating System

When

the

Computer

promptsyou

INSERTDISKETIE, carefullyinsert the

Operating

System diskette into the drive.

soon as you close

the

drive door, the Computer will begin the Operating

System bootstrap.

(If

nothing

happens

when you close the drive door, the diskette

probably

inserted incorrectly. Remove it and re-insert it correctly.)

The

Computer

will

then

execute adignostic program before starting the

Operating

System. This lets you verify that the entire system

in working

order

-before you

attempt

any data processing.

After

Completing the Diagnostic Program, the Computer

will

load the

Operating

System. See theOperating System Manual for details.

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