Radio Shack TRS-80 Model 3 Manual de usuario

TRS·BO™

Model

III

•

peratlon

and

ASI

Langua

Refer

nee

Itadle

Ihaek

DIVISION

TANDY

CORPORATION

FORT WORTH, TEXAS 76102

TRS·80

Model

Operation

and

BASIC

Corporation,

Fort

Worth,

Texas 76102 U.S.A.

All

Rights Reserved.

Reproduction

use, without express written

permission from Tandy

Corporation.

any

portion

this manual

prohibited. While

reasonable

efforts

have

been

taken

the

preparation

this manual

assure

its

accuracy.

Tandy Corporation assumes

liability resulting

from any errors or omissions

this manual. or

from the use

the information obtained herein.

Model

III

System

Software:

Tandy

Corporation

and

Microsoft.

All

Rights

Reserved.

The

system

software

the

Model

III

microcomputer

retained

aread-only memory

(ROM)

format.

All

portions

this

system

software. whether

the

ROM

format or other

source code form format, and the

ROM

circuitry,

are copyrighted and are the proprietary and trade

secret information

Tandy Corporation and

Microsoft. Use. reproduction or publication

any

portion

this material without the prior written

authorization

Tandy Corporation

strictly

prohibited.

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2

To OurCustomers. •

The

TRS-80@ Model III

COITlputer

is avery powerful tool for business, home and

recreation. Twenty years ago, this capability would have costhundreds

times as

much as yourModel III cost, and wouldhave taken up an entire room.

In spite

its

power

and internal complexity, the Model III canbe quite simple to

operate. In fact, you candetermine

just

how'

'technical" amachine you want it to

be.

the simplestlevel

operation, you can use RadioShack prepared cassette

programs. All

you

will needto know is how to load and run acassette program, and

howto operate the cassette recorder.

this is where you wantto start, read

Chapters 1through 6

the Operation Section. You may also want to read about

CLOAD and SYSTEM

Chapter2

the Language Section.

you wantto writeyourown programs and you are abeginner, read Chapters 1

through6

the OperationSection, then startreadingthe book, Getting Started

with TRS-80 BASIC. That, plus severalotherRadio Shackbooks, canguideyou to

becomingaprogrammerin BASIC and Z-80 language (' 'machine code'').

you already know BASIC, and especially

youhaveexperience on aTRS-80

Model I, read the entireOperation Section

this manual, as well as the Appendix

whichcompares the Model Iand Model III. The Model III has many unique

features andsome very importantdifferences. Afew minutes spentbefore you

press

(ENTER)

couldsave you hours later.

About Manual

This manual contains operating instructions (Section

and adescription

Model

III BASIC (Section 2and Appendix).

is arranged

for

easy reference, whether you

are seeking simple

technical information. Page numbering starts overat the

beginning

eachchapter, and chapternumbering starts overat the beginning

eachsection. There is acomprehensive Index at the end

this book.

you are abeginner,

don't

worry aboutthe technical parts in the Operation

Section.

The

beginning

eachchapteris for you. (When you getto the POKE

statements, youcan skip ahead to the next chapter

...

)You

don't

needto read past

Chapter6.

Then,

when you learn simple BASIC programming, you can return and

try

out

all

the'

'goodies" packedintoyourModel III.

TRS-SO

MODEL III

nts

Operation Section

ABrief Description

the Computer 1/1-3

Installation 2/1-3

Operation 3/1-9

Power-On DRESET Switch DPower-Off DStart-Up Dialog

DModes of Operation DSample Session

Using the Keyboard 4/1-3

Capitals and Lowercase DSpecial Keys DControl Codes

Using the Video Display 5/1-5

Character Size Cursor DScroll Protection DText D

Graphics DSpace Compression DSpecial Characters

Using the Cassette Interface 6/1-6

Cassette TransferSpeed DLoading Errors DSaving aBASIC

Program on Tape DLoading aBASIC Program from Tape D

How to Search for aProgram DLoading aSYSTEM Tape D

Searching for aProgram

Using aLine Printer 7/1-6

Line Printer vs Video Display Output 0Printer Control

Features DPrint Screen Function

Using the

232

CInterface 8/1-8

What

Interface? DUsing the Model

III

as aTerminal 0

Programming the RS-232-C

Routing Input/Output 9/1-3

To Route from One Device to Another DRouting Multiple

Devices

Real

Time Clock. ...................................

10/1-3

To Set the Clock 0To Read the Clock DTo Display the Clock

Input/Output Initialization

11/1-1

Technical Information .............................

12/1-26

To Protect High

RAM

DROM Subroutines Memory Map

oSummary of Important ROM Addresses Summary of

Important RAM Addresses

Troubleshooting and Maintenance 13/1-3

Symptom/Cure Table DAC Power Sources 0Maintenance

Specifications. . . . . .. . .. . . . .. . .. . . .... . . .. .. . .. .. . ..

14/1-3

Power Supply DMicroprocessor 0RS-232-C Interface

DParallel (Printer) Interface Cassette Interface

BASIC Language Section

BASIC Concepts 1/1-30

Commands 2/1-7

Input-Output Statements 3/1-13

Program Statements 4/1-15

Strings '5/1-9

Arrays 6/1-6

Arithmetic Functions 7/1-5

Special Features 8/1-10

Editing 9/1-7

Appendices

Model III Summary A/1-18

Special Charactersand Abbreviations 0Commands 0State-

ments0Functions Reserved Words 0Program Limits

MemoryUse0Accuracy 0

Error Codes B/1-3

TRS-SO

Model III Character Codes C/1-9

Keyboard/DisplayCharacters Graphics0Special Charac-

ters 0Video DisplayWorksheet0

Internal Codes

for

BASIC Keywords 0/1-2

Derived Functions E/1-2

Base Conversions F/1-4

Model I

Model III Program Conversion Hints G/1-2

Glossary H/1-3

RS-232-C Technical Information

1/1-4

Index

ForWarrantyand CustomerInformation,seethebackcoverand

insidebackcover.

iii

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