Proces-Data PD 340 Manual de usuario

502 010 05

PROCES-DATA A/S

NAVERVEJ 8-10, DK-8600 SILKEBORG • Tel. +45-87 200 300 • Fax+45-87 200 301 • info@proces-data.com • www.proces-data.com

Flow Transmitter

PD 340

Manual

502 010 05

PROCES-DATA A/S reserves the right to make any changes without prior notice.

P-NET

, Soft-Wiring

and Process-Pascal

are registered trademarks.

502 010 05

Manual Flow Transmitter, PD 340 3/55

Contents

General information........................................................................................................5

1.1

Introduction.............................................................................................................5

1.2

Features..................................................................................................................5

1.3

Construction............................................................................................................6

1.4

Operating principles................................................................................................8

1.5

Reducing the influence of varying flow profiles.......................................................9

1.6

Linearizing function...............................................................................................10

Function description.....................................................................................................11

2.1

Flow measurement ...............................................................................................11

2.1.1

Test mode.......................................................................................................11

2.2

Volume counter.....................................................................................................11

2.3

Automatic functions...............................................................................................11

2.3.1

Batch Control..................................................................................................11

2.3.2

Flow control.....................................................................................................12

2.3.3

Limit switch .....................................................................................................12

2.4

Temperature measurement ..................................................................................12

2.5

Output1.................................................................................................................12

2.6

Output2.................................................................................................................12

2.7

Output3.................................................................................................................13

2.8

Input......................................................................................................................13

2.9

P-NET Interface....................................................................................................13

2.10

PD 210 display unit...............................................................................................13

Display .........................................................................................................................14

3.1

Local display unit, PD 210 ....................................................................................14

3.2

Display registers ...................................................................................................14

3.2.1

Changing register contents.............................................................................15

3.2.2

Configuration and calibration using the PD 210..............................................15

3.2.3

Error readout...................................................................................................15

3.2.4

Construction....................................................................................................15

3.2.5

Assembly drawing for PD 210.........................................................................15

3.3

Flowmeter-Display, PD 4000/340 .........................................................................16

Meter selection and Installation....................................................................................17

4.1

Selecting the correct meter size............................................................................17

4.2

Installation and Care of Transmitter......................................................................18

Electrical connections ..................................................................................................20

5.1

Power supply........................................................................................................20

5.2

Output1.................................................................................................................20

5.3

Digital output signals.............................................................................................21

5.3.1

Output2...........................................................................................................21

5.3.2

Output3...........................................................................................................22

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4/55 Flow Transmitter, PD 340 Manual

5.3.3

Output3, current output...................................................................................22

5.4

Input signal...........................................................................................................24

5.5

Temperature signal, Pt100 ...................................................................................24

5.6

Connecting the display unit, PD 210.....................................................................24

5.7

P-NET fieldbus connections .................................................................................24

Variable description .....................................................................................................26

6.1

SoftWire Table......................................................................................................26

6.1.1

Process variables ...........................................................................................29

6.1.2

Configuration and calibration parameters.......................................................32

6.2

Standard settings..................................................................................................37

3-phase output signals.................................................................................................38

7.1

3-phase counter without separate error signal......................................................39

7.2

2-phase counter with separate error signal...........................................................39

7.3

Counter with up/down signal and separate error signal........................................40

7.4

Table showing signal mode relationships.............................................................41

Applications..................................................................................................................42

8.1

Flow Control .........................................................................................................42

8.2

Batch control using the PD 210 display................................................................44

Fault finding .................................................................................................................46

9.1

Error detection......................................................................................................46

9.2

Typical errors........................................................................................................46

9.2.1

Flow Transmitter with PD 210 display unit......................................................46

9.2.2

Flow Transmitter without display unit..............................................................47

List of spare parts ........................................................................................................48

Specifications...............................................................................................................49

11.1

Flow measurement...............................................................................................49

11.2

Power Supply........................................................................................................49

11.3

Liquid....................................................................................................................50

11.4

Measurement of temperature ...............................................................................50

11.5

Environment .........................................................................................................50

11.6

Approvals..............................................................................................................50

11.7

Dimensions...........................................................................................................51

11.8

Maximum flow rates and weight............................................................................51

11.9

Material.................................................................................................................51

11.10

Connections..........................................................................................................51

Appendix 1...................................................................................................................52

12.1

Memory types.......................................................................................................52

Appendix 2...................................................................................................................53

Index............................................................................................................................54

502 010 05

Manual Flow Transmitter, PD 340 5/55

1 General information.

1.1 Introduction

The PD 340 Flow Transmitter is a precision meter for the volumetric measurement of liq-

uids that are electrically conducting.

The rugged construction of the transmitter makes it suitable for installations where solid par-

ticulates make up part of the liquid for measurement.

This manual is applies to PD 340 Flow Transmitters that utilise the ‘Version 2’ electronics

module.

1.2 Features

• Sanitary design

• Maintenance-free, no moving parts

• Automatic zero point correction

• High accuracy, even at very low flow rates

• Bi-directional flow

• Volumetric measurement in m3, litres, U.S. gallons etc.

• Pulse output to an electronic counter, 0-1000 pulses per second

• Pulse output to an electromechanical counter, 0-10 pulses per second

• Current output, 4-20 mA (extended version)

• Batch control function

• Limit switch function

• Flow regulator function (PI controller)

• Practically no loss of pressure

• A PD 210 display unit can be simply connected. The PD 210 unit can display accumu-

lated volume, setpoint for batch control or PI regulator, flow rate, temperature, etc.

• Count stop/clear logic input function.

• Temperature measurement using an external temperature sensor

• Temperature compensated flow measurement

• Continuous Selftest, which can be monitored through P-NET

• P-NET Fieldbus Communication (IEC 61158 Type 4)

• EMC approved (DS/EN 61000-6-2) (DS/EN 61000-6-3)

• Vibration approved (IEC 60068-2-6 Test Fc)

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6/55 Flow Transmitter, PD 340 Manual

1.3 Construction

The PD 340 Flow Transmitter consists of three parts:

• Meterhead

• Electronic module

• Terminal box

The electronic module and the terminal box are the same for all sizes of transmitter.

The Meterhead consists of a stainless metering pipe with clamp connections. Two magnet

coils are mounted external to the metering pipe. Two stainless electrodes are mounted inside

the metering pipe.

The measuring section is designed with a square measurement chamber, which prevents

changes in flow profile affecting meter accuracy (see the following sections, Operating prin-

ciples, and Reducing the influence of varying flow profiles, for details). Hence the transmitter

has a wide range of flow rates within its linear accuracy. Changes from laminar to turbulent

flow do not affect the linear accuracy, and changing viscosity has no affect on meter accu-

racy. The calibration of the meterhead is carried out during manufacture using a computer

controlled calibration facility.

The Electronic Module is available in two versions, standard and extended with current out-

put or 3-phase output. See appendix 1 for further details.

The standard version has two pulse output signals and one logic input. The transmitter can

also be directly connected to a display unit.

In the extended version, one of the outputs can be configured either for pulse output or ana-

logue current output, 4-20 mA.

The extended version can also be configured for 3-phase output. In this mode the normal

separate pulse output signals are transformed to a combined 3-phased output signal.

The extended version has a built-in P-NET Fieldbus interface (IEC 61158 Type 4), which can

be used for configuration, or for central data collection or control.

The Terminal Box is completely separated from the electronic module. Connections can

therefore be changed without disruption to the electronics. All terminals within the terminal

box are clearly marked with both number and function.

The box is also equipped with 3 cable glands, type PG 11.

502 010 05

Manual Flow Transmitter, PD 340 7/55

PD 210

7 8 9

E 4 5 6

1 2 3

CE 0

+/-

FLOW TEMP. VOL.1 SETP.

T.C.

FLOW VOL.2

DISPLAY FOR

FLOW TRANSMITTER

COUNTER

24 V

Temperature

detector

P-NET

interface

Electronic module

Terminal box

Meterhead

Clamp

connection

2 wire

+ screen

2 wire

24 V battery

Transformer

Mains

supply

Flowmeter-Display

PD 210

Control valve/

Frequency

controller (Pump)/

Instrument

Figure 1: System diagram

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8/55 Flow Transmitter, PD 340 Manual

1.4 Operating principles

The meterhead consists of a metering pipe and two magnetic coils. When a current is applied

to the coils a magnetic field is produced at right angles to the metering pipe.

With a conductive liquid flowing through the metering pipe an electrical voltage is induced

and measured by two electrodes mounted in the metering pipe. This voltage is proportional to

the average velocity of flow and therefore to the volume flowing.

The PD 340 Flow Transmitter utilizes a square measurement chamber. The shape of the

measurement chamber significantly reduces the influence of viscosity, type of liquid, and flow

profiles (see details in the next section, Reducing the influence of varying flow profiles).

Practical tests with the PD 340 confirm that it is not necessary to recalibrate the meter when

changing product, such as from water to milk. This would normally be necessary when using

magnetic flowmeters that have traditional round measuring chambers.

Current

genera-

tion

551 098 01

Figure 2: Operating principles

• Ue = K x B x V x D

• Ue = voltage across electrodes

• K = system constant

• B = magnetic field

• V = average velocity

• D = distance between electrodes

The micro-processor in the transmitter controls the current generator, keeping the magnetic

field constant. The voltage across the electrodes is amplified and converted to a digital value

from which the micro-processor calculates the liquid flow.

502 010 05

Manual Flow Transmitter, PD 340 9/55

1.5 Reducing the influence of varying flow profiles

When a liquid flows through a pipe, its velocity tends to vary from zero along the pipe wall

up to its maximum through the centre of the pipe.

The velocity profile depends on the actual flow velocity together with the viscosity of the

liquid.

When the flow rate is low, the velocity profile takes the shape of a parab-

ola. This is called laminar flow. If the flow rate is gradually increased, the

flow profile also changes gradually, still maintaining the laminar flow pro-

file, until it reaches the critical velocity. At this flow rate, the flow profile

will, via a transition phase, change from laminar to turbulent flow with the

formation of eddies and chaotic motion, which do not contribute to the

volume flow rate. The two types of flow profile are illustrated on the figure

to the right. Precisely when the liquid reaches the critical velocity and

changes to turbulent flow, depends on the diameter of the pipe, and on

the viscosity and density of the liquid. For cream, for example, the visco-

sity strongly depend on the temperature and the percentage of fat, and it

is therefore not possible to predict the flow profile at any given flow rates.

The technique used to avoid an unknown flow profile from affecting the accuracy of a

measurement, consists essentially of measuring the average velocity of the liquid through-

out the full cross section of the pipe, hence registering all the liquid passing through it.

The average measurement is achieved in a PD 340 by using a

square measurement chamber, where each of the two electrodes are

designed to measure across the complete cross section of flow.

This is in contrast to flow meters having a circular cross section and

point-type electrodes. Here the ‘field of view’ between the electrodes

is limited to only involving the liquid passing directly between the

electrodes. Its calibration is therefore conditional on a particular

known flow profile.

Measures over

the en

tire cross

section of the

chamber

Field of view

502 010 05

10/55 Flow Transmitter, PD 340 Manual

1.6 Linearizing function

Because of its construction as described in the previous section, the PD 340 Flow Trans-

mitter is, by its very nature linear, even without any electronic compensation.

However, most of our customers prefer not to use anything smaller than 25 mm as a pipe

diameter, even for very low flow rates. Therefore, to further improve linearity, a special

compensation function has been developed and implemented within the ‘Version 2’ elec-

tronics module. Consequently, when this function is enabled1,, the PD 340 can now be

used even at very low flow rates, but still offering the same well-known high accuracy

measurement as normally experienced with higher flow rates.

During the flow calibration at the factory, the linearizing curve is calculated and downloaded

to the electronic module. For this reason, all new PD 340 Flow Transmitters will hold the

data needed by the linearizing function, when they are delivered as complete meters, i.e.

meterhead and electronic module. If one of the new electronic modules needs to be

mounted on a meter head with which it was not originally tested, and the linearizing func-

tion is to be used, data for the linearizing function can be downloaded to the electronic

module using a PC with VIGO version 5.6 or higher installed (valid for extended version

electronics only).

The graph below shows the linearizing curve for a specific flow transmitter. If this flow

transmitter measures the flow rate at 20% of full scale, this value will be compensated by

–0.01% of full scale.

1Enable/disable: Register E7, Dig. 5.

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