PCE Instruments PCE-RVI 2 Manual de usuario

PCE Americas Inc.

711 Commerce Way

Suite 8

Jupiter

FL-33458

USA

From outside US: +1

Tel: (561) 320-9162

Fax: (561) 320-9176

info@pce-americas.com

PCE Instruments UK Ltd.

Units 12/13

Southpoint Business Park

Ensign way

Hampshire / Southampton

United Kingdom, SO31 4RF

From outside UK: +44

Tel: (0) 2380 98703 0

Fax: (0) 2380 98703 9

info@pce-instruments.com

www.pce-instruments.com/english

www.pce-instruments.com

Manual

Rotational viscometer PCE-RVI 2

Version 1.1

Date of creation: 05.10.2015

Date of last change: 17.05.2016

Manual

Contents

1Introduction .............................................................................................................2

2Safety notes.............................................................................................................3

3Specifications..........................................................................................................3

4System description.................................................................................................4

5Receipt of the device ..............................................................................................6

5.1 Delivery content.......................................................................................................................... 6

5.2 Installation................................................................................................................................... 6

5.3 Connecting to the mains............................................................................................................. 6

6References to viscosity..........................................................................................7

6.1 Units............................................................................................................................................ 7

6.2 Important information.................................................................................................................. 7

6.3 Spindles...................................................................................................................................... 8

7Configuration settings............................................................................................9

8Operation...............................................................................................................11

8.1 Operation screen...................................................................................................................... 11

8.2 Application of the spindle.......................................................................................................... 12

8.3 Start measurement................................................................................................................... 12

9Selection tables.....................................................................................................13

9.1 Viscometer PCE-RVI 2 V1L...................................................................................................... 13

9.2 Viscometer PCE-RVI 2 V1R..................................................................................................... 13

10 Accessories...........................................................................................................14

10.1 Adapter for small sample volumes........................................................................................... 14

10.2 Adapter for low-viscosity materials........................................................................................... 17

10.3 Adapter for spiral movements................................................................................................... 19

11 Calibration .............................................................................................................23

12 Troubleshooting....................................................................................................23

13 Warranty.................................................................................................................23

14 Disposal.................................................................................................................24

15 Contact...................................................................................................................24

15.1 PCE Instruments UK ................................................................................................................ 24

15.2 PCE Americas .......................................................................................................................... 24

1 Introduction

Thank you for purchasing a rotational viscometer from PCE Instruments.

The device is used to measure the viscosity of a liquid, by calculating the mechanical resistance of a fluid

against a rotating spindle. The results are displayed as a value between 3 and 13.000.000mPa s with an

accuracy of ±1% based on the geometry of the spindle being used.

Manual

2 Safety notes

Please read the operating manual thoroughly before using the device. The device must only be operated

by qualified personnel and any service or repairs must be carried out by PCE Instruments.

No liability is accepted for personal injury or damage to the equipment if the operating procedure, as

specified in the manual, is not adhered to.

When carrying out measuring tasks, always ensure the instruction manual is kept accessible for

reference purposes.

Servicing must only be carried out by a PCE instrument authorised service agent. Unofficial

updates or servicing could result in personal injury or damage to the device.

Only original approved manufacturer’s parts may be used for service or repair purposes.

The device must only be used within the specified temperature range.

The casing of the device should never be opened, except by approved PCE Instruments

personnel.

The device should not be placed on a surface with the user interface, i.e. keyboard face down.

No unauthorised technical changes should be carried out on the device.

The device can be cleaned using a damp cloth (pH neutral).

This user's handbook is published from PCE Instruments, no liability is taken.

Please read our General Guarantee Terms, they can be found in our General Terms of Business.

If you have any queries, please contact PCE Instruments.

3 Specifications

Speed range

Modell V1 –L/R

0.3; 0.5; 0.6; 1; 1.5; 2; 2,5; 3; 4; 5; 6; 10; 12; 20; 30; 50;

60; 100; 200 rpm

Measurement range with

default spindles

Model V1 –L

3 … 2000000 mPa s in 76 ranges; 19 revs with 4

spindles

Model V1 –R

20 … 13000000 mPa s in 114 ranges; 19 revs with 6

spindles

Accuracy

±1 % of the shown value

Repeatability

±0.2 %

Thermometer

Range

-15 °C … +180 °C (5° F … 356 °F)

Resolution

0.1 °C (0.1722 °F)

Accuracy

±0.1 °C

Power supply

100 … 240 V / 50…60 Hz

Current consumption

0.2 A

Max. altitude

2000 m above sea level

Operation temperature

10 … 40 °C

Rel. humidity

<80 %

Dimensions

330 x 300 x 430 mm

Weight

10 kg

Manual

4 System description

Manual

5 Receipt of the device

Please check the packaging for any obvious signs of damage before opening.

If the external packaging is found to be damaged, please notify the delivery company before opening.

After unpacking the viscometer, check the device for any obvious signs of damage. Should there be any

visible signs of damage, please notify PCE Instruments.

5.1 Delivery content

1. 1 x rack

2. 1 x rotational viscometer PCE-RVI 2

3. 1 x set of spindles L1 to L4 or R2 to R7

4. 1 x laboratory stand

5. 1 x instruction manual

6. 1 x temperature sensor

7. 1 x guard for measuring spindle

8. 1 x assembly tool

9. 1 x carrying case

10. 1 x power cable

11. 1 x storage stand for measuring spindles

Keep the packaging, in case the instrument needs to be returned. Parts that are damaged by

inappropriate packaging or inappropriate delivery are not covered by the manufacturer’s warranty.

5.2 Installation

For an appropriate installation proceed as follows

Remove the nut off the rack

Place the rack on the stand in the correct position. The thread

must be pointed in the direction of the stand’s nut.

Using the provided assembly tool and nut, screw the rack and the

stand together.

Attach the back pole to the clamp of the rack.

Move the lever down to fix the device.

Place the device on a solid and even surface.

Slide the plastic cover of the back pole downwards to remove.

The protection is only allowed to be moved to the side when the

plastic protection has been successfully moved down.

Balance the device with the rotary bases on the front of the stand.

The levelling indicator on the top will show you when the device is

levelled adequately.

Connect the device to the power supply system.

5.3 Connecting to the mains

Ensure that your power supply is correctly earthed and your device is set

to the correct voltage.

Manual

6 References to viscosity

6.1 Units

This viscometer is a classic rotational viscometer for quick determination of the viscosity according to the

following standards:

BS: 6075, 5350

ISO: 2555, 1652

ASTM: 115, 789 1076, 1084, 1286, 1417, 1439, 1638, 1824, 2196, 2336, 2364, 2393, 2556, 2669, 2849,

2983, 2994, 3232, 3236, 3716

The operating principle of this viscometer is the same as with all rotational viscometers. A spindle (disc or

cylinder) is immersed into the fluid being analysed, the torque required to set the spindle into motion is

then measured. A spring is attached between the spindle and the drive-shaft of the motor. This rotates at

a set speed. The deviation angle between the spindle and the spring is measured electronically and

turned into a torque value. The torque value is dependent on both the spindle geometry and the rotational

speed of the spindle. From this result, the viscosity of the liquid can be directly derived and displayed in

mPa s/cP (dPa s/P).

Depending on the viscosity, the resistance against the movement of a substance changes in proportion to

the rotational speed or size of the spindle. The viscometer has been calibrated to give viscosity readings

in mPa s or cP (dPa s/P), depending on the rotational speed and the type of spindle used. Using a

combination of various spindle types with different rotational speeds enables readings to be taken across

a wide measurement range.

6.2 Important information

Viscosity:

Viscosity is the characteristic property of a liquid. It is a measure of the internal friction within a liquid

when individual layers within the liquid are brought into motion against each other. Viscosity values are

highly influenced by temperature. The standard units for dynamic viscosity measurement are: mPa s (S.I.)

or cP (C.G.S.)

1 mPa s = 1 cP (centi-Poise)

1 dPa s = 1 P (Poise)

Shear stress:

Shear stress is the force per area unit required to move two fluid layers against each other (internal

friction). Standard measuring units for the shear stress are: N/m² (S.I) or dynes/cm² (C.G.S).

Shear rate:

The shear rate is the velocity at which the various fluid layers move against each other. The standard

measuring unit for the shear rate is the “reciprocal second”, expressed as s-1 or 1/s.

Laminar flow:

Occurs when a fluid flows in parallel layers with no disruption between the layers. Laminar flow is

fundamental to the determination of dynamic viscosity.

Turbulent flow:

When a certain flow rate is exceeded, disruption between the layers of liquid can occur. This results in an

apparent increase in shear stress and falsely high viscosity readings. The change from laminar to

turbulent flow can be recognised by a sudden marked increase in viscosity values above a particular

speed. Generally, liquids can be classified by the relation between their shear stress and shear rate.

Newtonian fluids:

In Newtonian fluids the shear stress and the shear rate are directly proportional to each other. At a given

temperature, the viscosity of a Newtonian fluid remains constant regardless of the viscometer, spindle or

rotational speed. Examples of fluids with these properties are water or thin engine oil.

Manual

Non-Newtonian fluids:

In these liquids there is no linear relationship between the shear stress and the shear rate. Therefore,

differing viscosity values will be obtained under different environmental and operating conditions. The

apparent viscosity of the liquid must be established by a fluid analysis. This result cannot be reproduced

by using a different viscometer, unless the environmental and operating conditions are identical, and the

analysis is carried out following a defined working process. The variables below influence the results:

Viscometer model

Dimension of the sample container

Filling level

Sample temperature

Spindle

Rotational speed

Whether or not a spindle protector is being used

Duration of the test (time dependant fluids)

Invariably, any change in the working methods will lead to a change in results.

Non-Newtonian liquids can have a variety of properties:

Pseudoplastic:

A fluid the viscosity of which decreases with an increase in the shear rate is called pseudoplastic. This

flow behaviour is also called “shearthinning”. Some examples of pseudoplastic fluids are: coatings, milk,

ink or jam.

Plastic:

Under static conditions, these fluids appear to be solid. In order to carry out an analysis of these fluids, it

is necessary for them to be subjected to a yield stress, so that they show characteristics similar to

pseudoplastic or dilatant fluids. Examples: toothpaste, chocolate or grease.

Dilatant:

A fluid the viscosity of which increases with an increase in the shear rate (shear-thickening flow

behaviour). Example: Solution of sugar and water or mixture of sand and water.

Time-dependent fluids:

A fluid the viscosity of which changes not only due to the shear rate, but also as a result of the time lapse

since the shear process was started is called a time-dependent fluid.

Thixotropic fluids:

In thixotropic fluids, the viscosity decreases when the shear stress increases over time, e. g. when the

fluid is stirred at a constant shear rate. The viscosity will increase when the shear stress ends.

Examples: ketchup, honey, non-drip paint, mayonnaise.

Rheopectic fluids:

Fluids the viscosity of which increases with increasing shear stress at a constant shear rate are called

rheopectic fluids.

Examples: lubricants, special types of paint.

6.3 Spindles

The spindles are made with high precision to ensure maximum repeatability of test results, as long as the

measuring instrument is used under the correct operating conditions.

Manual

7 Configuration settings

Turn on the viscometer by pressing the main switch. The following notifications are displayed on the

screen for 2 seconds.

Press “Start” and “Enter” one after the other during these 2 seconds. The following appears on the

display:

With the “Up” or “Down” keys, select the preferred language (German, Japanese, Spanish, Polish,

French, English, Italian or Portuguese). Press “Enter” to confirm your language of choice.

The following notification then appears:

With the “Up” or “Down” keys, either select the unit for the viscosity SI (mPa s) or CGS (cP). Press

“Enter” to confirm your entry.

The following notification then appears:

With the “Up” or “Down” keys, either select the unit for the shear stress (S.S.), SI (N/m²) or CGS

(Dyne/cm²). Press “Enter” to confirm your entry.

The following notification then appears:

With the “Up” or “Down” keys, either select the unit for the temperature, Celsius or Fahrenheit. Press

“Enter” to confirm your entry.

The following notification then appears:

Manual

With the “Up” or “Down” keys, either select the PRINTER or the COMPUTER mode. Press “Enter” to

confirm your entry and to switch to the option mode.

The viscometer can be connected to a small thermal printer in PRINTER

MODE (paper rolls ~57mm), to only print viscosity values when the “Start”

key is pressed.

Every time the “Start” key is pressed, a ticket as shown will be printed.

The viscometer sends a permanent print job in COMPUTER mode. The

viscometer and the computer have to be connected. The data format in

PRINTER mode is not suitable for small printers.

The following notification then appears:

The week day flashes. Press the “Up” or “Down” keys to change the day and

press “Enter” to confirm. The first digit of the date will then begin to flash.

Press the “Up” or “Down” keys to change the value and press “Enter” to

confirm. Continue in this manner to set the date and time. After 2 seconds the

notification changes to the data screen.

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