National Instruments NI 5421 Manual

CALIBRATION PROCEDURE

NI 5421/5441

Contents

Conventions ............................................................................................ 2

Introduction............................................................................................. 3

Software and Documentation Requirements........................................... 3

Software ........................................................................................... 3

Documentation................................................................................. 5

Self-Calibration Procedures .................................................................... 5

MAX ................................................................................................ 5

FGEN Soft Front Panel.................................................................... 6

NI-FGEN ......................................................................................... 6

External Calibration Options .................................................................. 7

Complete Calibration....................................................................... 8

Optional Calibration ........................................................................ 9

External Calibration Requirements......................................................... 11

Test Equipment ................................................................................ 11

Test Conditions ................................................................................ 11

External Calibration Procedures ............................................................. 12

Writing Your Calibration Procedure................................................ 12

Calibration Procedures in LabVIEW........................................ 12

Calibration Procedures in LabWindows/CVI........................... 12

Calibration Procedures in C...................................................... 12

Verifying NI 5421/5441 Specifications........................................... 13

Verifying the Oscillator Frequency Accuracy.......................... 15

Verifying the DC Gain and Offset Accuracy ........................... 18

Verifying the Main Analog Path Gain............................... 18

Verifying the Main Analog Path Offset ............................ 23

Verifying the Gain of the Direct Path ............................... 26

Adjusting the NI 5421/5441 ............................................................ 29

Initializing the External Calibration Session ............................ 32

NI 5421/5441 Calibration Procedure 2 ni.com

Adjusting the Analog Output ....................................................32

Initializing Analog Output Calibration .............................. 32

Adjusting the Main Path Pre-Amplifier Offset .................. 34

Adjusting the Main Path Pre-Amplifier Gain .................... 38

Adjusting the Main Path Post-Amplifier

Gain and Offset............................................................... 42

Adjusting the Direct Path Gain .........................................45

Adjusting the Oscillator Frequency...........................................49

Adjusting the Calibration ADC.................................................52

Closing the External Adjustment Session .................................57

Calibration Utilities .................................................................................58

MAX.................................................................................................58

FGEN SFP........................................................................................58

NI-FGEN ..........................................................................................59

Where to Go for Support .........................................................................60

Conventions

The following conventions are used in this manual:

»The »symbol leads you through nested menu items and dialog box options

to a final action. The sequence File»Page Setup»Options directs you to

pull down the File menu, select the Page Setup item, and select Options

from the last dialog box.

This icon denotes a note, which alerts you to important information.

This icon denotes a caution, which advises you of precautions to take to

avoid injury, data loss, or a system crash. When this symbol is marked on

a product, refer to the Safety and Radio-Frequency Interference Read Me

First for information about precautions to take.

bold Bold text denotes items that you must select or click in the software, such

as menu items and dialog box options. Bold text also denotes parameter

names.

italic Italic text denotes variables, emphasis, a cross reference, or an introduction

to a key concept. This font also denotes text that is a placeholder for a word

or value that you must supply.

monospace Text in this font denotes text or characters that you should enter from the

keyboard, sections of code, programming examples, and syntax examples.

This font is also used for the proper names of disk drives, paths, directories,

programs, subprograms, subroutines, device names, functions, operations,

variables, filenames, and extensions.

©National Instruments Corporation 3 NI 5421/5441 Calibration Procedure

Introduction

This document contains instructions for calibrating the NI 5421/5441

arbitrary waveform generator. This calibration procedure is intended for

metrology labs. It describes specific programming steps for writing an

external calibration procedure for the NI 5421/5441.

Refer to ni.com/calibration for additioan information about

calibration solutions from National Instruments.

Software and Documentation Requirements

This section describes the software and documentation required for both

self-calibration and external calibration.

Software

Calibrating the NI 5421 requires installing NI-FGEN version 2.0 or later on

the calibration system. Calibrating the NI 5441 requires installing

NI-FGEN version 2.3 or later on the calibration system. You can download

NI-FGEN from the Instrument Driver Network at ni.com/idnet.

NI-FGEN supports programming the Self-Calibration Procedures and the

External Calibration Procedures in the LabVIEW, LabWindows™/CVI™,

and C application development environments (ADEs). When you install

NI-FGEN, you only need to install support for the ADE that you intend to

use.

For LabWindows/CVI, the NI-FGEN function panel (niFgen.fp)

provides help about the functions available. LabVIEW support is in the

niFgen.llb file, and all calibration functions appear in the function

palette.

NI 5421/5441 Calibration Procedure 4 ni.com

Calibration functions are C function calls or LabVIEW VIs in NI-FGEN.

In this document, the C function call is shown first, followed by the

corresponding LabVIEW VI, or NI-FGEN LabVIEW property node,

in parentheses. The C function calls are valid for any compiler capable of

calling a 32-bit DLL. Many of the functions use constants defined in the

niFgen.h file. To use these constants in C, you must include niFgen.h

in your code when you write the calibration procedure. Refer to Table 1

for file locations.

The calibration process is described in the Self-Calibration Procedures and

the External Calibration Procedures sections, including step-by-step

instructions on calling the appropriate calibration functions.

Table 1. Calibration File Locations

File Name and Location Description

IVI\Bin\niFgen_32.dll The NI-FGEN library, which provides the

functionality for calibrating the

NI 5421/5441.

IVI\Lib\msc\niFgen.lib

IVI\Lib\bc\niFgen.lib

Allows you to create applications that call

functions in the niFgen_32.dll:

• For Microsoft Visual C/C++, link to

msc\niFgen.lib.

• For LabWindows/CVI, link to the library

appropriate to your current compatibility

mode (msc for Microsoft Visual C/C++).

IVI\Include\niFgen.h A header file for the accessible functions in

the niFgen_32.dll. You must include this

file in any C code that you write to call these

functions.

<LabVIEW>\instr.lib\niFgen\niFgen.llb

(LabVIEW)

Contains VIs that correspond to the functions

in the niFgen_32.dll.

IVI\Drivers\niFgen\niFgen.fpl

(CVI)

Contains the function panels for the functions

in the niFgen_32.dll.

©National Instruments Corporation 5 NI 5421/5441 Calibration Procedure

Documentation

For information about NI-FGEN and the NI 5421/5441, you may find the

following documents helpful:

•NI Signal Generators Getting Started Guide

•NI Signal Generators Help

•NI 5421/5441 Specifications

•NI-FGEN Instrument Driver Quick Reference Guide

The NI Signal Generators Getting Started Guide provides instructions for

installing and configuring NI signal generators.

The NI Signal Generators Help includes detailed information about

the NI 5421/5441 and the NI-FGEN functions. You can access this help file

by selecting Start»Programs»National Instruments»NI-FGEN»

Documentation»NI Signal Generators Help. For the latest versions

of NI documentation, refer to ni.com/manuals.

Self-Calibration Procedures

The NI 5421/5441 is capable of performing self-calibration, which adjusts

the gain and offset of the main and direct analog paths. Self-calibration uses

only an onboard ADC to measure the output voltage. You can implement

self-calibration on the NI 5421/5441 by following procedures similar to the

Verifying the DC Gain and Offset Accuracy and the Adjusting the Analog

Output procedures. However, output impedance, oscillator frequency, and

the calibration ADC cannot be adjusted during self-calibration.

You can initiate self-calibration interactively from Measurement &

Automation Explorer (MAX) or from the FGEN Soft Front Panel (SFP).

Alternatively, you can initiate self-calibration programmatically using

NI-FGEN.

MAX

To initiate self-calibration from MAX, complete the following steps:

1. Launch MAX.

2. Select My System»Devices and Interfaces»NI-DAQmx Devices.

NI 5421/5441 Calibration Procedure 6 ni.com

3. Select the device that you want to calibrate.

4. Initiate self-calibration in one of the following ways:

•ClickSelf-Calibrate in the upper right corner.

• Right-click the device name under Devices and Interfaces,

and select Self-Calibrate from the drop-down menu.

FGEN Soft Front Panel

To initiate self-calibration from the FGEN SFP, complete the following

steps:

1. Select the device that you want to calibrate using the Device

Configuration dialog box (Edit»Device Configuration).

2. Open the Calibration dialog box (Utility»Calibration).

3. Click Perform self-calibration.

NI-FGEN

To self-calibrate the NI 5421/5441 programmatically using NI-FGEN,

complete the following steps:

1. Call niFgen_init (niFgen Initialize VI) to open an NI-FGEN session

using the following parameters:

•resourceName: The name of the device that you want to calibrate.

You can find this name under Devices and Interfaces in MAX.

•IDQuery: VI_TRUE

•resetDevice: VI_TRUE

•vi: A pointer to a ViSession. The variable passed by reference

through this parameter receives the value that identifies the

session created by this function. This value acts as the session

handle and is passed as the first parameter to all subsequent

NI-FGEN functions.

2. Call niFgen_SelfCal (niFgen Self Cal VI) using the following

parameter:

•vi: The session handle returned from niFgen_init

3. Call niFgen_close (niFgen Close VI) to close the NI-FGEN session

using the following parameter:

•vi: The session handle returned from niFgen_init

©National Instruments Corporation 7 NI 5421/5441 Calibration Procedure

External Calibration Options

External calibration involves both verification and adjustment. Verification

is the process of testing the device to ensure that the output accuracy is

within certain specifications. You can use verification to ensure that the

adjustment process was successful or to determine if the adjustment

process needs to be performed.

Adjustment is the process of measuring and compensating for device

performance to improve the output accuracy. Performing an adjustment

updates the calibration date, resetting the calibration interval. The device is

guaranteed to meet or exceed its published specifications for the duration

of the calibration interval.

This document provides two sets of test limits for most verification stages,

the calibration test limits and the published specifications. The calibration

test limits are more restrictive than the published specifications. If all of

the output errors determined during verification fall within the calibration

test limits, the device is guaranteed to meet or exceed its published

specifications for a full calibration interval (two years). For this reason,

you must verify against the calibration test limits when performing

verification after adjustment.

If all of the output errors determined during verification fall within the

published specifications, but not within the calibration test limits, the

device meets its published specifications. However, the device may not

remain within these specifications for another two years. The device will

meet published specifications for the rest of the current calibration interval.

In this case, you can perform an adjustment if you want to improve

the output accuracy or reset the calibration interval. If some output

errors determined during verification do not fall within the published

specifications, you must perform an adjustment to restore the device

operation to its published specifications.

The Complete Calibration section describes the recommended

calibration procedure. The Optional Calibration section describes

alternative procedures that allow you to skip adjustment if the device

already meets its calibration test limits or published specifications.

NI 5421/5441 Calibration Procedure 8 ni.com

Complete Calibration

Performing a complete calibration is the recommended way to guarantee

that the NI 5421/5441 meets or exceeds its published specifications for a

two-year calibration interval. At the end of the complete calibration

procedure, you verify that the output error falls within the calibration test

limits. Figure 1 shows the programming flow for complete calibration.

Figure 1. Complete Calibration Programming Flow

Adjust

(Cal Dates and

Temperatures

Updated)

Verify

Document

Post-Adjustment

Results

Meets

Calibration

Test Limits?

Review

Verification/

Adjustment

Procedure or

Return Device

Verify

Self-Calibrate

Calibration/

Verification

Complete

Ye s N o

Document

Pre-Adjustment

Results

©National Instruments Corporation 9 NI 5421/5441 Calibration Procedure

Optional Calibration

You can choose to skip the adjustment steps of the calibration procedure

if the output error is within the calibration test limits or the published

specifications during the first verification. If all of the output errors

determined during the first verification fall within the calibration test

limits, the device is guaranteed to meet or exceed its published

specifications for a full calibration interval. In this case, you can update

the calibration date, effectively resetting the calibration interval, without

actually performing an adjustment. Refer to the Adjusting the NI 5421/5441

section for more information.

If all of the output errors determined during the first verification fall within

the published specifications, but not within the calibration test limits,

adjustment is also optional. However, you cannot update the calibration

date because the device will not necessarily operate within the published

specifications for an additional two years.

Note Regardless of the results of the first verification, if you choose to perform an

adjustment you must verify that the output error falls within the calibration test limits

at the end of the calibration procedure.

Figure 2 shows the programming flow for the optional calibration.

NI 5421/5441 Calibration Procedure 10 ni.com

Figure 2. Optional Calibration Programming Flow

Self-Calibrate

Verify

Document

Pre-Adjustment

Results

Meets

Calibration

Test Limits?

Meets

Published

Specifications?

Update Calibration

Dates and

Temperatures

Without Adjusting

Results

Within

Published Specs

(Adjustment

Optional)

Adjust

Anyway?

Adjust

(Cal Dates and

Temperatures

Updated)

Verify Document

Post-Adjustment

Results

Meets

Calibration

Test Limits?

Calibration/

Verification

Complete

Review

Verification/

Adjustment

Procedure or

Return Device

Ye s N o

Ye s No

Ye sNo

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