Motic BA310E Manual de usuario

We are constantly endeavoring to improve our instruments and to adapt them to the requirements of

modern research techniques and testing methods. This involves modification to the mechanical

structure and optical design of our instruments.

Therefore, all descriptions and illustrations in this instruction manual, including all specifications are

subject to change without notice.

INFINITY CORRECTED OPTICS

In this optical concept the light beams are parallel after leaving the objective in the direction of the

eyepieces. A second optical element, the tube lens (normally located in the eyepiece tube) is used to

converge the parallel beams, resulting in an intermediate image. The intermediate image is focussed by

the eyepieces, to provide the real image for visual observation.

The implementation of a tube lens gives the opportunity to minimize chromatic aberrations and other

“optical defects”. Further, in “Infinity Optics” the distance between the objective and tube lens is not as

strictly fixed as in the (historically older) “Finite Optics” of 160mm tube length.

This allows additional optical components to be inserted between the objective and tube head.

Fluorescence attachments, discussion bridges, eye level risers and other options can be added without

affecting the image quality.

In general “Infinity Optics” provides flexibility and the opportunity to add additional optional features.

MICROSCOPE TERMINOLOGY

Abbe Condenser

A two-lens sub-stage condenser located below

the stage of a microscope and functions to collect

light and direct it onto the object being examined.

Its high numerical aperture makes it particularly

suited for use with most medium- and high-

magnification objectives.

Aperture, Numerical (N.A.)

The numerical aperture is an important factor

determining the efficiency of the condenser and

objective. It is represented by the formula: (N.A.

= ηsinα), where ηis the refractive index of a

medium (air, water, immersion oil etc.) between

the objective and the specimen or condenser,

and αis half of the maximum angle at which light

enters or leaves the lens from or to a focused

object point on the optical axis.

Cover Glass Thickness

Transmitted light objectives are designed to

image specimens that are covered by a thin

cover glass (cover slip). The thickness of this

small glass piece is now standardized at 0.17

mm for most applications.

Diaphragm, Condenser

A diaphragm, which controls the effective size of

the condenser aperture. A synonym for the

condenser illuminating aperture diaphragm.

Magnification

The number of times by which the size of the

image exceeds the original object. Lateral

magnification is usually meant. It is the ratio of

the distance between two points in the image to

the distance between the two corresponding

points in the object.

Micrometer: um

A metric unit of length measurement

= 1x10-6 meters or 0.000001 meters

Nanometer (nm)

A unit of length in the metric system equal to 10-9

meters.

Phase–contrast (microscopy)

A form of microscopy, which converts differences

in object thickness and refractive index into

differences in image amplitude and intensity.

Real Viewfield

The diameter in millimetres of the object field.

Eyepiece Field of View

Real Viewfield =

Objective Magnification

Diopter adjustment

The adjustment of the eyepiece of an instrument

to provide accommodation for the eyesight

differences of individual observers.

Depth of Focus

The axial depth of the space on both sides of the

image plane within which the image is sharp. The

larger the N.A. of objective, the shallower the

depth of focus.

Field of View (F.O.V.)

That part of the image field, which is imaged on

the observer’s retina, and hence can be viewed

at any one time. The field of view number is now

one of the standard markings of the eyepiece.

Filter

Filters are optical elements that selectively

transmit light. It may absorb part of the spectrum,

or reduce overhaul intensity or transmit only

specific wavelengths.

Immersion Oil

Any liquid occupying the space between the

object and microscope objective. Such a liquid is

usually required by objectives of 3-mm focal

length or less.

Resolving Power

A measure of an optical system's ability to

produce an image which separates two points or

parallel lines on the object.

Resolution

The result of displaying fine details in an image

Total Magnification

The total magnification of a microscope is the

individual magnifying power of the objective

multiplied by that of the eyepiece.

Working Distance

This is the distance between the objective front

lens and the top of the cover glass when the

specimen is in focus. In most instances, the

working distance of an objective decreases as

magnification increases.

X–axis

The axis that is usually horizontal in a two-

dimensional coordinate system. In microscopy X-

axis of the specimen stages is considered that

which runs left to right.

Y–axis

The axis that is usually vertical in a two-

dimensional coordinate system. In microscopy Y-

axis of the specimen stages is considered that

which runs front to back.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION PAGE

1. NOMENCLATURE 7

2. SETTING UP THE INSTRUMENT 9

2.1 Operating environment 9

3. ASSEMBLING THE MICROSCOPE 10

3.1 Verifying input voltage 10

3.2 Illumination 10

3.2.1 Halogen lamp 10

3.2.2 LED 10

3.3 Reckless stage 11

3.4 Specimen holder 11

3.5 Objectives 11

3.6 Condenser 11

3.7 Eyepiece tube 12

3.8 Eyepieces 12

3.9 Filters 13

3.10 Power cord 14

4. USAGE OF MICROSCOPE COMPONENTS 15

4.1 Coarse and fine focusing 15

4.2 Coarse focus torque adjustment 15

4.3 Coarse focus quick stop 16

4.4 Stage upper limit stop adjustment 16

4.5 Beam splitter lever 17

4.6 Interpupillary distance adjustment 17

4.7 Diopter adjustment 18

4.8 Centering the condenser 18

4.9 Use of aperture diaphragm 19

4.10 Use of field diaphragm 19

4.11 Brightness and contrast adjustment 19

5. PHOTOMICROGRAPHIC PROCEDURE 20

6. USING OIL IMMERSION OBJECTIVES 21

7. TROUBLESHOOTING TABLE 22

7.1 Optical 22

7.2 Electrical 23

8. CARE AND MAINTENANCE 24

8.1 Do not disassemble 24

8.2 Cleaning the microscope 24

8.2.1 Lenses and filters 24

8.2.2 Cleaning of painted or plastic components 24

8.3 Disinfecting the Microscope 24

8.4 When not in use 24

8.5 Bulb replacement 25

8.5.1 30W Halogen 25

8.5.2 LED Module 26

9. WARNING LABELS 28

1. NOMENCLATURE

BA310E (Binocular)

BA310E (Trinocular)

2. SETTING UP THE INSTRUMENT

Avoid placing the instrument in locations exposed to direct sunlight, dust, vibration, high temperature,

high humidity and where it is difficult to unplug the power supply cord.

2.1 Operating environment

Indoor use

Altitude : Max 2000 metersn

Ambient temperature : 15°C to 35°C

Maximum relative humidity : 75% for temperature up to 31°C decreasing linearly to 50% relative

humidity at 40°C

Supply voltage fluctuations : Not to exceed ±10% of the normal voltage.

Pollution degree : 2 (in according with IEC60664)

Installation / Overvoltage category : 2 (in according with IEC60664)

Air pressure of 75kPa to 106 kPa

Avoid frost, dew, percolating water, and rain

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