METER SATURO Manual de usuario

SATURO

14968-02

12.29.2017

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Introduction.............................................................................................. 1

2. Operation ...................................................................................................2

2.1 Installation ................................................................................................2

2.2 Functionality .............................................................................................3

2.2.1 Setting up a Test ..............................................................................3

2.2.2 Starting a Test..................................................................................6

2.2.3 Stopping a Test ................................................................................ 7

2.2.4 Downloading Data............................................................................7

3. System......................................................................................................... 9

3.1 Specifications............................................................................................9

3.2 Components ............................................................................................ 10

3.2.1 Control Unit.................................................................................... 11

3.2.2 Insertion Ring ................................................................................ 17

3.2.3 Infiltrometer Head ......................................................................... 18

3.2.4 Water Supply Tank ......................................................................... 18

3.3 Theory...................................................................................................... 19

4. Service....................................................................................................... 23

4.1 Calibration ............................................................................................... 23

4.2 Maintenance............................................................................................ 25

4.3 Troubleshooting....................................................................................... 26

4.4 Customer Support.................................................................................... 29

4.5 Terms and Conditions .............................................................................. 29

References .................................................................................................... 32

Index ................................................................................................................. 33

Enter

BACKPOWER/ MENU

SATURO

1. INTRODUCTION

Thank you for choosing the SATURO Infiltrometer from METER Group. This manual should

help you understand the functionality of SATURO, make high-quality Kfs measurements, and

get the most out of the instrument.

SATURO was designed to be an automated instrument for measuring permeability

and field saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kf s ) in soil. It utilizes a multipressure head

analysis approach to simplify the corrections for three-dimensional flow from a single-

ring infiltrometer, allowing for quick measurements of hydraulic conductivity without

needing postprocessing. This automated approach reduces error in the hydraulic

conductivity assessment (Reynold and Elrick 1990).

Verify all instrument contents shipped and appear in good condition:

• Control unit

• Two insertion rings: 5-cm depth and 10-cm depth

• Driving plate

• Infiltrometer head

• Charging adapter

• Two collapsible water tanks

• 6.4-mm (1/4-in) diameter tube for air output

• 9.5-mm (3/8-in) diameter tube for water output

• 7.9-mm (5/16-in) diameter tube for water input

• Metal file

• Driving mallet

• Flathead screwdriver

OPERATION

2. OPERATION

Please read all instructions before operating the SATURO to ensure it performs to its

full potential.

2.1 INSTALLATION

Follow the steps listed in Table 1 to set up the instrument.

Table 1 Installation

Preparation

Verify Access to Water

Identify a source of water on site or bring water to the site.

Charge Battery

Charge the control unit battery.

Renew the charge after returning from the ﬁeld.

Download Software

Install the SATURO Downloader to view ﬁles in the ﬁeld (Section 2.2.4).

Installation

Install Insertion Ring

Remove rocks, sticks, and other large debris from the surface where the ring will

be installed at the desired test location.

Place the insertion ring on the soil and ﬁt the driving plate on top.

Hammer on the inner circle of the driving plate until the insertion ring is ﬂush

with the top of the soil, ensuring there are no gaps between the soil and ring

sidewalls.

Remove the driving plate.

For hill installation, install the insertion ring so that the inﬁltrometer head will

be perpendicular to the slope of the hill with interior sensor to the left or right.

Set Up Inﬁltrometer Head

Clear all grass and debris from the lip of the insertion ring and clamp the

inﬁltrometer head onto the insertion ring to form a seal.

A clean seal ensures accurate pressure readings. Do not clamp too tightly, as this

can lead to warping of the insertion ring. Clamps can be tightened and loosened

with a small ﬂat head screwdriver as needed.

SATURO

Table 1 Installation (continued)

Installation

(continued)

Connect the hoses and sensor cable to the designated ﬁttings on the

inﬁltrometer head. Each input and output line is purposefully a different size of

tubing to help prevent a mismatch. If a tube does not snugly ﬁt into a connection,

it is probably in the wrong one.

Set Up the Water Tank

Fill the water tank and connect it to the control unit.

Fully open the water valve.

The water tank may not hold enough water for tests in highly permeable soils. To

use a larger container, place the tube at the bottom of the container and ensure

the tube remains underwater throughout the test.

Set Up Control Unit

Place the control unit on a stable surface.

Connect the three hoses and sensor cable to the corresponding ports on the

control unit.

Power on the control unit.

2.2 FUNCTIONALITY

Follow the steps in the following sections to collect data.

2.2.1 SETTING UP A TEST

1. Press the POWER/MENU button on the control unit to power on the device.

The last test results will appear on the screen.

2. Press Enter to view the Test Setup screen

This screen is used to name the test and conﬁgure test settings (Figure1).

Figure1 Test Setup screen

3. Name the test.

a. Select Name to create a test name.

OPERATION

b. Highlight letters and press Enter after each one (Figure2).

A decimal point is not allowed as the first character of a test name.

Toggle between upper and lower case by selecting the boxed up arrow in the lower right

of the screen.

To add a space or delete a character, navigate to the test name and use the RIGHT or

LEFT buttons, respectively.

The test name can have up to 20 characters.

Figure2 Name screen

4. Select Done and press Enter to save the new test name.

Press BACK to cancel without saving changes.

NOTE: When downloading tests as a comma-separated value file format (*.csv), the degree symbol and ± symbol

are omitted from the test name in the test summary information.

5. Conﬁgure test settings by selecting Settings.

Different soil types may require different parameters for an optimum inﬁltration test.

Adjust settings to change pressure heads, soak time, number of cycles, and hold time as

well as to inform the control unit of the insertion ring depth (Figure3).

Figure3 Settings options

a. Set desired hydrostatic pressure.

Hydrostatic pressure for the low and high pressure heads must be between 0 and

40 cm. Generally, soils with high infiltration rates require lower pressure head settings

than soils with low infiltration rates. A pressure difference of at least 5 cm between

the low and high pressure heads is normally recommended, except in sites with high

infiltration rates. In such cases, a pressure difference of 2 cm is sufficient to help

SATURO

reduce water usage. Table 2 provides rough guidelines to determine initial pressure

head settings. These values are starting points only and should be adjusted for the

particular soil based on experience.

b. Set soak time.

During soak time, the infiltrometer applies water to achieve saturation of the soil

before beginning the pressure cycles. A good introductory soak time is approximately

20 min, though the exact length depends largely on soil type and antecedent soil

moisture (Table 2). During soak time, pressure is maintained at the low pressure head.

Table 2 Soak time and pressure head conﬁgurations

Soil Type

Soak

Time

(min)

Low

Pressure

Head (cm)

High

Pressure

Head (cm)

Hold Time

at Pressure

(min)

Pressure

Cycles

(count)

Total

Run Time

(min)

Dry loamy sand 25 5 10 15 3 115

Wet loamy sand 15 5 10 15 2 75

Dry silt loam 30 5 15 20 3 150

Wet silt loam 15 5 15 20 2 95

Dry clay (poor structure) 30 5 20 25 3 180

Wet clay (poor structure) 15 5 20 25 2 115

Dry clay (strong structure) 25 5 10 20 3 145

NOTE:These values are a rough starting point only. Soil conditions dictate the optimal settings for the test. Use

lower pressure head settings for soils dominated by macropore flow. If necessary, reduce the pressure head settings

to allow the instrument to keep up with the flow rates.

c. Set the number of pressure cycles.

One pressure cycle is equivalent to a full run at the two different pressure heads. The

control unit takes the average infiltration rates at the different pressure heads during

the last pressure cycle to calculate Kfs. Multiple pressure cycles ensure the steady

state infiltration rate was reached.

At first, the infiltration rate is large. Steady state or quasi-steady state may be

achieved when the infiltration rate charted over time levels into infinite time (Dane and

Topp 2002). Wait for the flux chart to stabilize to determine if quasi-steady state has

been reached. If there is a decrease in flux rate, redo the test or add another cycle.

d. Set the hold time (Figure4).

The hold time determines how long the pressure is held at each pressure head and

applies to both pressure cycles (i.e., if the hold time is 20, both the low and high

pressure holds for 20 min).

e. Select the correct insertion ring depth.

OPERATION

Run time

Soak Hold Hold Hold Hold

Low pressure

High pressure

Cycle 2Cycle 1

Figure4 Run time diagram

6. After the settings are conﬁgured, press BACK to go to the Test Setup screen.

2.2.2 STARTING A TEST

1. On the Test Setup screen, select Start.

The inﬁltrometer displays a message to check tubing and connections.

2. Press Enter to begin the test.

The inﬁltrometer will pump water from the water tank until the water level reaches 5 cm.

It then begins the soak time, while maintaining a level of 5 cm.

The graph feature displays incremental data during a test. The inﬁltrometer records a data

point every minute throughout the duration of the test.

3. It is not necessary to supervise the system during a test, but check the water level

intermittently to ensure a constant supply.

Test results will display automatically at the end of the test (Figure5).

NOTE: See Section 3.2.1 for details on viewing graphs of flux,water level, and pressure.

Figure5 Test complete screen

Pressing BACK returns the display to the Reading screens. Pressing Enter on any of the

Reading screens returns the display to the Name screen to review test settings.

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