Maxtor DiamondMax Plus 2500 Manual de usuario

DiamondMax™Plus2500

91000D8, 90910D8, 90875D7, 90840D7

90750D6, 90625D5 and 90500D4

DiamondMax™, DiamondMax™ 1280, DiamondMax™ 1750, Diamond-

Max™ 2160, DiamondMax™ 2880, DiamondMax™ Plus 2500 and Max-

Fax™ are trademarks of Maxtor Corporation. No Quibble®Service is a

registered trademark of Maxtor Corporation. Other brands or products are

trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. Contents

Printed in the U.S.A. 5/98

Corporate Headquarters

510 Cottonwood Drive

Milpitas, California 95035

Tel: 408-432-1700

Fax: 408-432-4510

Research and Development

Engineering Center

2190 Miller Drive

Longmont, Colorado 80501

Tel: 303-651-6000

Fax: 303-678-2165

Part #1402/A

This document is a condensed version of the full Product Reference Manual.

This version only includes the Maxtor Information about the Product. Information

that can be found in the ANSI specification is not included in this document to

reduce its over all size. Also eliminated are the Table of Contents and Glossary.

This condensed version is created to allow faster downloading from Maxtor's

Internet home page and MaxFax services.

Revisions Manual No. 1402

VER.ONCENOITCESNOITPIRCSED ETAD

AC60097llA.esaelerlaitinI 89/92/50

BeforeYou Begin

Thank you for your interest in the Maxtor DiamondMax™ Plus 2500 AT hard disk drives. This manual provides

technical information for OEM engineers and systems integrators regarding the installation and use of DiamondMax

hard drives Drive repair should be performed only at an authorized repair center. For repair information, contact

the Maxtor Customer Service Center at 800-2MAXTOR or 408-432-1700.

Before unpacking the hard drive, please review Sections 1 through 4.

CAUTION

Maxtor DiamondMax Plus 2500 hard drives are precision products. Failure to

follow these precautions and guidelines outlined here may lead to

product failure, damage and invalidation of all warranties.

BEFOREunpackingorhandling a drive, takeallproper electro-static discharge (ESD)

precautions,includingpersonnelandequipmentgrounding.Stand-alonedrivesaresensitiveto

ESDdamage.

BEFOREremoving drives from theirpackingmaterial,allow them toreachroom

temperature.

Duringhandling,NEVER drop,jar,or bumpadrive.

Onceadriveisremoved fromtheMaxtorshippingcontainer,IMMEDIATELYsecurethedrive

throughitsmountingholes within a chassis.Otherwise,storethe drive onapadded,grounded,

antistaticsurface.

NEVERswitchDCpoweronto the drivebypluggingan electrically live DCsourcecableinto

thedrive'sconnector.NEVERconnectalivebusto the drive'sinterfaceconnector.

Please do not remove or cover up Maxtor factory-installed drive labels.

They contain information required should the drive ever need repair.

DIAMONDMAX PLUS 2500 – INTRODUCTION

1 – 4

SECTION 1

Introduction

Maxtor Corporation

Maxtor Corporation has been providing high-quality computer storage products since 1982. Along the way,

we’ve seen many changes in data storage needs. Not long ago, only a handful of specific users needed more than

a couple hundred megabytes of storage. Today, downloading from the Internet and CD-ROMs, multimedia,

networking and advanced office applications are driving storage needs even higher. Even home PC applications

need capacities measured in gigabytes, not megabytes.

Products

Maxtor’s products meet those demanding storage capacity requirements with room to spare. They feature

proven compatibility and reliability. While DiamondMax™ Plus 2500 is the latest addition to our family of

high performance desktop hard drives, the DiamondMax™ 3400, DiamondMax™ 2880 and DiamondMax™

2160 series hard drives deliver industry-leading capacity, performance and value for many PC applications.

Support

No matter which capacity, all Maxtor hard drives are supported by our commitment to total customer

satisfaction and our No Quibble®Service guarantee. One call – or a visit to our home page on the Internet

(http://www.maxtor.com) – puts you in touch with either technical support or customer service. We’ll

provide you the information you need quickly, accurately and in the form you prefer – a fax, a downloaded

file or a conversation with a representative.

Manual Organization

This hard disk drive reference manual is organized in the following method:

❏Section 1 – Introduction

❏Section 2 – Description

❏Section 3 – Specifications

❏Section 4 – Installation

❏Section 5 – AT Interface

❏Section 6 – Host Software Interface

❏Section 7 – Interface Commands

❏Section 8 – Service and Support

❏Appendix – Glossary

Abbreviations

VRBBANOITPIRCSEDVRBBANOITPIRCSED

ATAtnemhcattaTABMetybagem

ipbhcnirepstibces/stibMdnocesrepstibagem

SHCrotces-daeh-rednilycces/BMdnocesrepsetybagem

bdslebicedzHMztrehagem

ABddethgiewA,slebicedsmdnocesillim

AMDsseccayromemtceridBSMtibtnacifingistsom

CCEedocnoitcerrocrorreVmstlovillim

icfhcnirepsegnahcxulfsnsdnocesonan

GnoitareleccaOIPtuptuo/tupnidemmargorp

BGetybagigMPRetunimrepsnoitulover

zHztrehipthcnirepskcart

BKetybolikAMDUsseccayromemtceridartlu

ABL)gni(sserddakcolblacigolcesµdnocesorcim

BSLtibtnacifingistsaelVstlov

AmserepmaillimWsttaw

DIAMONDMAX PLUS 2500 – INTRODUCTION

1 – 5

Conventions

If there is a conflict between text and tables, the table shall be accepted as being correct.

Key Words

The names of abbreviations, commands, fields and acronyms used as signal names are in all uppercase type

(e.g., IDENTIFY DRIVE). Fields containing only one bit are usually referred to as the “name” bit instead of

the “name” field.

Names of drive registers begin with a capital letter (e.g., Cylinder High register).

Numbering

Numbers that are not followed by a lowercase “b” or “h” are decimal values. Numbers that are followed by

a lowercase “b” (e.g., 01b) are binary values. Numbers that are followed by a lowercase “h” (e.g., 3Ah) are

hexadecimal values.

Signal Conventions

Signal names are shown in all uppercase type.

All signals are either high active or low active signals. A dash character (-) at the end of a signal name

indicates that the signal is low active. A low active signal is true when it is below ViL and is false when it is

above ViH. A signal without a dash at the end indicates that the signal is high active. A high active signal is

true when it is above ViH and is false when it is below ViL.

When a signal is asserted, it means the signal is driven by an active circuit to its true state.

When a signal is negated, it means the signal is driven by an active circuit to its false state.

When a signal is released, it means the signal is not actively driven to any state. Some signals have bias

circuitry that pull the signal to either a true or false state when no signal driver is actively asserting or negating

the signal. These instances are noted under the description of the signal.

PRODUCTDESCRIPTION

2 – 1

SECTION 2

Product Description

Maxtor DiamondMax™ Plus 2500 AT disk drives are 1-inch high, 3.5-inch diameter random access storage

devices which incorporate an on-board ATA/Ultra DMA controller. High capacity is achieved by a balanced

combination of high areal recording density and the latest data encoding and servo techniques.

Maxtor's latest advancements in electronic packaging and integration methods have lowered the drive's power

consumption and increased its reliability. Advanced magneto-resistive read/write heads, an state-of-the-art head/

disk assembly using an integrated motor/spindle design allow up to four disks in a 3.5-inch package.

Exceptionally high data transfer rates and 9.0 ms access times make these performance series disk drives especially

well-suited to high speed desktop and server applications.

DiamondMax Plus 2500 Key Features

ANSI ATA-4 compliant PIO Mode 4 interface (Enhanced IDE)

Supports Ultra DMA Mode 2 for up to 33 MB/sec data transfers

512 KB buffer with multi-adaptive cache manager

9.0 ms seek time

Zone density and I.D.-less recording

High reliability with

500,000 hour MTBF

Outstanding shock resistance at 200 Gs

High durability with 50 K constant start/stop cycles

Advanced multi-burst on-the-fly Error Correction Code (ECC)

Extended data integrity with ECC protected data and fault tolerant servo synchronization fields

Supports EPA Energy Star Standards (Green PC Friendly) with ATA powering savings commands

Auto park and lock actuator mechanism

Low power consumption

S.M.A.R.T. Capability

Note: Maxtor defines one megabyte as 10

or one million bytes (1,000,000) and one gigabyte as 10

or one billion bytes (1,000,000,000).

PRODUCTDESCRIPTION

2 – 2

Product Features

Functional / Interface

Maxtor DiamondMax™ Plus 2500 hard drives contain all necessary mechanical and electronic parts to interpret

control signals and commands from an AT-compatible host computer. See Section 3 Product Specifications, for

complete drive specifications.

Zone Density Recording

The disk capacity is increased with bit density management – common with Zone Density Recording. Each

disk surface is divided into 16 circumferential zones. All tracks within a given zone contain a constant

number of data sectors. The number of data sectors per track varies in different zones; the outermost zone

contains the largest number of data sectors and the innermost contains the fewest.

Read/Write Multiple Mode

This mode is implemented per ANSI ATA/ATAPI-4 specification. Read/Write Multiple allows the host to

transfer a set number of sectors without an interrupt request between them, reducing transfer process

overhead and improving host performance.

UltraDMA - Mode 2

Maxtor DiamondMax Plus 2500 hard drives fully comply with the new ANSI Ultra DMA protocol, which

greatly improves overall AT interface performance by significantly improving burst and sustained data

throughput.

Multi-word DMA (EISA Type B) - Mode 2

Supports multi-word Direct Memory Access (DMA) EISA Type B mode transfers.

Sector Address Translation

All DiamondMax Plus 2500 drives feature a universal translate mode. In an AT/EISA-class system, the drive

may be configured to any specified combination of cylinders, heads and sectors (within the range of the

drive's formatted capacity). DiamondMax Plus 2500 drives power-up in a translate mode:

LEDOMLYCDHTPSenoZLmocPWYTICAPACABLXAM

8D00019093,916136)*()*(BG00.01021,545,91

8D01909546,716136)*()*(BG01.9061,687,71

7D57809669,616136)*()*(BG57.8827,101,71

7D04809772,616136)*()*(BG04.8612,704,61

6D05709245,416136)*()*(BG05.7633,856,41

5D52609911,216136)*()*(BG52.6259,512,21

4D00509596,96136)*()*(BG00.5065,277,9

(*) The fields LZone (Landing Zone) and WPcom (Write Pre-comp) are not used by the Maxtor hard drive

and the values may be either 0 or the values set by the BIOS. All capacities listed in the above table are based

on 106or one million bytes.

PRODUCTDESCRIPTION

2 – 3

Logical Block Addressing

The Logical Block Address (LBA) mode can only be utilized in systems that support this form of translation.

The cylinder, head and sector geometry of the drive, as presented to the host, differs from the actual physical

geometry. The host AT computer may access a drive of set parameters: number of cylinders, heads and

sectors per track, plus cylinder, head and sector addresses. However, the drive can’t use these host parameters

directly because of zoned recording techniques. The drive translates the host parameters to a set of logical

internal addresses for data access.

The host drive geometry parameters are mapped into an LBA based on this formula:

LBA = (HSCA - 1) + HHDA x HSPT + HNHD x HSPT x HCYA (1)

= (HSCA - 1) + HSPT x (HHDA + HNHD x HCYA) (2)

where HSCA = Host Sector Address, HHDA = Host Head Address

HCYA = Host Cylinder Address, HNHD = Host Number of Heads

HSPT = Host Sectors per Track

The LBA is checked for violating the drive capacity. If it does not, the LBA is converted to physical drive

cylinder, head and sector values. The physical address is then used to access or store the data on the disk and

for other drive related operations.

Defect Management Zone (DMZ)

Each drive model has a fixed number of spare sectors per drive, all of which are located at the end of the

drive. Upon detection of a bad sector that has been reassigned, the next sequential sector is used.

For example, if sector 3 is flagged, data that would have been stored there is “pushed down” and recorded

in sector 4. Sector 4 then effectively becomes sector 3, as sequential sectors are “pushed down” across the

entire drive. The first spare sector makes up for the loss of sector 3, and so maintains the sequential order of

data. This push down method assures maximum performance.

On-the-Fly Hardware Error Correction Code (ECC)

33 bits, single burst, guaranteed

Software ECC Correction

81 bits, single burst, guaranteed

33 bits, double bursts, guaranteed

Automatic Park and Lock Operation

Immediately following power down, dynamic braking of the spinning disks delays momentarily allowing the

read/write heads to move to an inner mechanical stop. A small fixed magnet holds the rotary actuator in

place as the disk spins down. The rotary actuator is released only when power is again applied.

PRODUCTDESCRIPTION

2 – 4

Cache Management

Buffer Segmentation

The data buffer is organized into two segments: the data buffer and the micro controller scratch pad.

The data buffer is dynamically allocated for read and write data depending on the commands received.

A variable number of read and write buffers may exist at the same time.

Read-Ahead Mode

Normally, this mode is active. Following a read request, disk read-ahead begins on the first sector and

continues sequentially until the allocated buffer is full. If a read request is received during the read-ahead

operation, the buffer is examined to determine if the request is in the cache. If a cache hit occurs, read-

ahead mode continues without interruption and the host transfer begins immediately.

Automatic Write Reallocation (AWR)

This feature is part of the write cache and reduces the risk of data loss during deferred write operations. If a

disk error occurs during the disk write process, the disk task stops and the suspect sector is reallocated to a

pool of alternate sectors located at the end of the drive. Following reallocation, the disk write task continues

until it is complete.

Write Cache Stacking

Normally, this mode is active. Write cache mode accepts the host write data into the buffer until the buffer

is full or the host transfer is complete. A command complete interrupt is generated at the end of the transfer.

A disk write task begins to store the host data to disk. Host write commands continue to be accepted and

data transferred to the buffer until either the write command stack is full or the data buffer is full. The drive

may reorder write commands to optimize drive throughput.

PRODUCTDESCRIPTION

2 – 5

Major HDA Components

Drive Mechanism

A brush-less DC direct drive motor rotates the spindle at 7,200 RPM (±0.1%). The dynamically balanced

motor/spindle assembly ensures minimal mechanical run-out to the disks. A dynamic brake provides a fast

stop to the spindle motor upon power removal. The speed tolerance includes motor performance and motor

circuit tolerances.

Rotary Actuator

All DiamondMax™ Plus 2500 drives employ a rotary voice coil actuator which consists of a moving coil, an

actuator arm assembly and stationary magnets. The actuator moves on a low-mass, low-friction center shaft.

The low friction contributes to fast access times and low power consumption.

Read/Write Electronics

An integrated circuit mounted within the sealed head disk assembly (near the read/write heads) provides up

to eight head selection (depending on the model), read pre-amplification and write drive circuitry.

Read/Write Heads and Media

Low mass, low force magneto-resistive read/write heads record data on 3.5-inch diameter disks. Maxtor uses

a sputtered thin film medium on all disks for DiamondMax Plus 2500 drives.

Air Filtration System

All DiamondMax Plus 2500 drives are assembled in a Class 100 controlled environment. Over the life of the

drive, a 0.1 micron filter and breather filter located within the sealed head disk assembly (HDA) maintain a

clean environment to the heads and disks. DiamondMax Plus 2500 drives are designed to operate in a typical

office environment with minimum environmental control.

Microprocessor

The microprocessor controls the following functions for the drive electronics:

Command execution

Cache management

Data correction and error recovery

Diagnostic execution

Data sequencing

Head positioning (including error recovery)

Host interface

Index detection

Spin speed control

Seeks

Servo

S.M.A.R.T.

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