Maxim Integrated MAX32664 Manual de usuario

Maxim Integrated Page 1 of 52

MAX32664 User Guide

UG6806; Rev preliminary 1; 02/22

Abstract

The MAX32664 user guide provides flow charts, timing diagrams, GPIOs/pin usage, I2C interface protocol,

and annotated I2C traces between the host microcontroller and the MAX32664. Typical application uses

the MAX32664 as a low-power microcontroller in a sensor hub configuration to provide processed data

such as heart rate and SpO2.

Maxim Integrated Page 2 of 52 
Table of Contents 
Introduction..........................................................................................................................................44 
MAX32664 Variants...............................................................................................................................55 
Maxim Reference Designs with MAX32664............................................................................................ 98 
MAXREFDES220#...............................................................................................................................98 
MAXREFDES101#.............................................................................................................................109
MAX32664 GPIOs and RSTN Pin......................................................................................................... 1211 
MAX32664 Bootup and Application Mode......................................................................................... 1312 
MAX32664 Bootloader Mode ........................................................................................................ 1312 
MAX32664 Application Mode........................................................................................................ 1312 
Communications to the MAX32664 over I2C...................................................................................... 1413 
Bit Transfer Process....................................................................................................................... 1413 
I2C Write....................................................................................................................................... 1716 
I2C Read ........................................................................................................................................ 1817 
MAX32664 I2C Message Protocol Definition...................................................................................... 1918 
MAX32664 I2C Annotated Application Mode Example....................................................................... 3831 
I2C Commands to Flash the Application Algorithm ............................................................................ 4334 
In-Application Programming of the MAX32664.................................................................................. 4837 
MAX32664 APIs and Methods for Reset, Sleep, Status, Heartbeat ..................................................... 5039 
Revision History................................................................................................................................. 5140 
 
 

Maxim Integrated Page 3 of 52 
List of Figures 
Figure 1. MAX32664 block diagram. ........................................................................................................9 
Figure 2. MAXREFDES101# block diagram..............................................................................................10 
Figure 3. Pin connections between the host and the MAX32664............................................................12 
Figure 4. Entering bootloader mode using the RSTN pin and the MFIO GPIO pin....................................13 
Figure 5. Entering application mode using the RSTN pin and MFIO pin................................................... 14 
Figure 6. I2C Write/Read data transfer from host microcontroller. ........................................................15 
Figure 7. Sequence to enter bootloader mode....................................................................................... 45 
Figure 8. Page number byte 0x44 from the .msbl file. ............................................................................45 
Figure 9. Initialization vector bytes 0x28 to 0x32 from the .msbl file......................................................45 
Figure 10. Authentication bytes 0x34 to 0x43 from the .msbl file...........................................................45 
Figure 11. Send page bytes 0x4C to 0x205B from the .msbl file.............................................................. 46 
Figure 12. Sequence to enter application mode.....................................................................................47 
Figure 13. MAX32664 in-application programming flowchart. ...............................................................49 
 
List of Tables 
Table 1. MAX32664 Variants, Matching Algorithms, and Reference Designs ............................................5 
Table 2. RSTN Pin and GPIOs Pins .......................................................................................................... 12 
Table 3. Additional GPIOs Used on the MAX32664 for the MAXREFDES220# .........................................13 
Table 4. Additional GPIOs Used on the MAX32664 for the MAXREFDES101# .........................................13 
Table 5. Read Status Byte Value.............................................................................................................15 
Table 6. MAX32664 I2C Message Protocol Definitions ........................................................................... 19 
Table 7. Sensor Hub Status Byte ............................................................................................................ 35 
Table 8. Output FIFO Format Definitions................................................................................................ 35 
Table 10. MAX32664GWEA I2C Annotated Application Mode Example..................................................39 
Table 11. MAX32664GWEB I2C Annotated Application Mode Example..................................................40 
Table 12. MAX32664GWEC I2C Annotated Application Mode Example..................................................41 
Table 13. MAX32664GWED I2C Annotated Application Mode Example.................................................. 43 
Table 14. Annotated I2C Trace for Flashing the Application ...................................................................45 
Table 15. MAX32664 I2C Message Protocol Definitions .........................................................................50 
 
 

Maxim Integrated Page 4 of 52

Introduction

The MAX32664 is a pre-programmed microcontroller with firmware drivers and algorithms. Combined

with the appropriate sensor devices, the MAX32664 acts as a sensor hub to provide processed data to a

host device. This solution seamlessly enables customers to receive raw and/or calculated data from

Maxim’s optical sensor solutions, while keeping overall system power consumption in check. The tiny form

factor (1.6mm x 1.6mm 16-bump WLP) allows for integration into extremely small applications. The

MAX32664 is integrated into Maxim’s complete reference design solutions, which shortens the time to

market.

The MAX32664 is the same hardware as the MAX32660 but with a pre-programmed bootloader that

accepts in-application programming (IAP) of Maxim supplied algorithms and sensor drivers. The

MAX32664 provides a fast-mode, I2C slave interface to a microcontroller host. A second I2C interface is

dedicated to communicating with sensors.

For further details on memory, register mapping, system clocks, reset, power management,

GPIOs/alternate functions, DMAcontroller, UART, RTC, timers, WDT, I2C, and SPI, see the MAX32660 User

Guide.

For ordering information, mechanical and electrical characteristics, and the pinout for the MAX32664

family of devices, refer to the MAX32664 data sheet.

For information on the Arm® Cortex®-M4 with FPU core, refer to the Cortex-M4 with FPU Technical

Reference Manual.

Arm is a registered trademark and registered service mark of Arm Limited.

Cortex is a registered trademark of Arm Limited.

Maxim Integrated Page 5 of 52

MAX32664 Variants

The MAX32664 is pre-programmed with bootloader software that accepts in-application programming of

Maxim application code which consists of algorithms and the associated sensor driver. The MAX32664 is

used as a sensor hub controller.

The algorithm/application code provides processed and/or raw data through the I2C interface. Several

variants of the MAX32664 exist based on the target application. These variants come pre-programmed

with a bootloader that only accepts the matching encryption keys for the part (e.g., the MAX32664GWEA

bootloader is pre-programmed with the A encryption key, reference designs are programmed with Z

keying, etc.). Designers should use the table below in order to select the correctly keyed part..

Table 1. MAX32664 Variants, Matching Algorithms, and Reference Designs

PART NUMBER

APPLICATION ALGORITHM/FIRMWARE

BOOTLOADER

KEY

MAXIM REFERENCE

DESIGN

MAX32664GWEA

MaximFast: Maxim Integrated®finger-based heart-

rate and SpO2monitoring algorithm (100Hz

sampling). The MaximFast algorithm is compatible

with the sensor hub combination of the

MAX3244664GWEA, MAX30101 AFE, and KX-122

accelerometer. It is recommended, but not

mandatory, to use an accelerometer with the

MaximFast algorithm. Do not enable the

accelerometer if there is no accelerometer in your

design. If the KX-122 accelerometer is not installed

in the design and external accelerometer data is

supplied, then the accelerometer should use the

100Hz sampling rate.

Automatic gain control (AGC) for MaximFast. If the

AGC is enabled, the LED currents and pulse width

are automatically determined by the algorithm. If

the AGC is not enabled, the LED currents and pulse

width registers should be configured by the host

software.

MAXREFDES220#

Maxim Integrated Page 6 of 52

PART NUMBER

APPLICATION ALGORITHM/FIRMWARE

BOOTLOADER

KEY

MAXIM REFERENCE

DESIGN

MAX32664GWEB

The Wearable heart-rate monitoring (WHRM)

algorithm (25Hz sampling). The WHRM algorithm is

configured to use LED1 and Photodiode (PD) 1

or/and 2, and it is compatible with the sensor hub

combination of the MAX32664GWEB, MAX86141

AFE, and KX-122 accelerometer. It is mandatory to

use accelerometer the KX-122 accelerometer or

external accelerometer data with the WHRM

algorithm to detect and compensate motion. If the

KX-122 accelerometer is not connected to

MAX32664, then external accelerometer data

should be supplied at the 25Hz sampling rate.

The Automatic Exposure Control and Skin Control

Detection (AEC-SCD) of WHRM (AEC-SCD is included

in the WHRM algorithm). If AEC-SCD is enabled , the

LED current, pulse width and sample rate are

automatically determined by the algorithm. If AEC-

SCD is not enabled, the LED current, LED current

range, pulse width, and ADC range registers should

be configured by the host software.

MAXREFDES101#

Maxim Integrated Page 7 of 52

PART NUMBER

APPLICATION ALGORITHM/FIRMWARE

BOOTLOADER

KEY

MAXIM REFERENCE

DESIGN

MAX32664GWEC

The Wearable Heart-Rate Monitoring (WHRM)

algorithm (25Hz sampling). The WHRM algorithm is

configured to use LED1 (Green) and Photodiode 1

or/and 2, and it is compatible with the sensor hub

combination of the MAX32664GWEB, MAX86141

AFE, and KX-122 accelerometer. It is mandatory to

use accelerometer the KX-122 accelerometer or

external accelerometer data with the WHRM

algorithm to detect and compensate motion. If the

KX-122 accelerometer is not connected to

MAX32664 then the external accelerometer data

should be supplied at the 25Hz sampling rate.

The Automatic Exposure Control and Skin Control

Detection (AEC-SCD) of WHRM (AEC-SCD is included

in the WHRM algorithm). If AEC-SCD is enabled, the

LED current, pulse width and sample rate are

automatically determined by the algorithm. If AEC-

SCD is not enabled, the LED current, LED current

range, pulse width, and ADC range registers should

be configured by the host software.

The Wearable Oxygen Saturation (WSpO2)

algorithm (25Hz sampling). The WSpO2 algorithm is

configured to use LED2 (IR) and LED3 (Red) and

Phot-diode 1 or 2, and it’s compatible with the

sensor hub combination of the MAX32664GWEB,

MAX86141 AFE, and KX-122 accelerometer. It is

mandatory to use an accelerometer with the

WSpO2 algorithm to detect motion. If the KX-122

accelerometer is not connected to MAX32664

external accelerometer data should be supplied,

then external accelerometer should use the 25Hz

sampling rate.

The Automatic Gain Control (AGC) of WSpO2. If AGC

is enabled, the LED currents and ADC range are

automatically determined by the algorithm. If the

AGC is not enabled, the LED currents, pulse width

and ADC range registers should be configured by the

host software.

MAXREFDES101 with

SpO2 LED Board

Maxim Integrated Page 8 of 52

PART NUMBER

APPLICATION ALGORITHM/FIRMWARE

BOOTLOADER

KEY

MAXIM REFERENCE

DESIGN

MAX32664GWED

The finger-based Blood Pressure Trending (BPT),

heart rate and SpO2monitoring algorithm (100Hz

Sampling).

The algorithm is compatible with the sensor hub

combination of the MAX32664GWED and

MAX30101 AFE. No accelerometer is required for

this algorithm.

The BPT algorithm includes Automatic gain control

to adjust LED currents.

Prior to running the algorithm, a calibration

procedure is required to determine blood pressure

and SpO2calibration coefficients.

Automatic gain control (AGC). If the AGC is enabled,

the LED currents and pulse width are automatically

determined by the algorithm. If the AGC is not

enabled, the LED currents and pulse width registers

should be configured by the host software.

MAXREFDES220#

MAX32664GWEZ

Z-keyed algorithm/firmware of the above which

may be used to in-application program the Maxim

Integrated reference designs listed or for boards

that use the MAX32664GWEZ.

MAXREFDES220#

MAXREFDES101#

For all the MAX32664 parts, the algorithm (.msbl file) with the corresponding bootloader key must be

downloaded, and these parts must be programmed using the in-application programming feature of the

bootloader. The MAX32664 is only pre-programmed with the bootloader software.

Maxim Integrated is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

Maxim Integrated Page 9 of 52

Maxim Reference Designs with MAX32664

Maxim provides multiple reference designs to its customers to enable quick and effective adoption of

MAX32664 and fastest time to market. For detailed schematics, refer to the user guide of each reference

design.

MAXREFDES220#

The MAXREFDES220# reference design provides everything you need to quickly prototype your product

to measure finger-based heart rate and blood oxygen saturation level (SpO2).

SENSOR HUB DRIVER FIRMWARE

DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

ALGORITHMS FOR

HEART RATE AND SPO2

MAX30101

PULSE OXIMETER

AND HEART-RATE

SENSOR

KX122-1037

3-AXIS

ACCELEROMETER

MAXREFDES220

FINGER HEART RATE AND PULSE OXIMETER SMART SENSOR

MAX32630FTHR

(HOST)

SENSOR

PLATFORM

COMMANDS

SECURE FIRMWARE BOOTLOADER

MAX32664(A)

BIOMETRIC SENSOR HUB

HEART RATE DATA

SPO2 DATA

ENCRYPTED .MSBL

APPLICATION

ALGORITHM/FIRMWARE

DOWNLOAD

SLAVE

I2C

SENSOR I2C

USB PC

GUI

Figure 1. MAX32664 block diagram.

The MAXREFDES220# solution, which includes the MAX30101 and the MAX32664, provides an integrated

hardware and software solution for finger-based applications. The MAX32664 is used as a sensor hub to

collect data from the MAX30101 analog front end (AFE). The reference design also includes a tri-axis

accelerometer (KX-122) to compensate for motion artifacts. (Accelerometer support in the

MAXREFDES220# is optional.)

The MAX32630FTHR is used as a sample host is included in MAXREFDES220# reference design.

Maxim Integrated Page 10 of 52

MAXREFDES101#

The MAXREFDES101# is a unique evaluation and development platform in a wrist-worn wearable form

factor that demonstrates the functions of a wide range of Maxim’s products for health-sensing

applications.

MAX30001

ECG AFE

MAX32630

ARM CortexTM

M4F MCU

MAX30205

TEMPERATURE SENSOR

BMP280

BAROMETRIC PRESSURE

BMI160

ACCELEROMETER/GYRO

MAX20303

POWER MANAGEMENT IC

MAX30001

ECG AFE

PAN1326B

BLUETOOTH/BLE

USB-C CONNECTOR

I2C

QSPI

MX25U12835FZ2I-10G

32MB FLASH MEMORY

MAX32664

BIOMETRIC SENSOR HUB

MAX86140

OPTICAL

SENSOR

SENSOR BOARD

HEART RATE SENSOR HUB

I2C

UART BootLoader

MICROCONTROLLER BOARD

I2C

Application Code

Driver Firmware and

HR Algorithm

KX122

3-AXIS

ACCEL

(optional)

SPI1

SPI0

Figure 2. MAXREFDES101# block diagram.

This second-generation health sensor platform (a follow-on to the MAXREFDES100#) integrates a PPG AFE

sensor (MAX86141), a biopotential AFE (MAX30001), a human body temperature sensor (MAX30205), a

microcontroller (MAX32630), a power-management IC (MAX20303), and a 6-axis

accelerometer/gyroscope. The complete platform includes a watch enclosure and a biometric sensor hub

with an embedded application code for heart-rate algorithm and AFE drivers (MAX32664)an embedded

heart-rate algorithm (MAX32664). Algorithm output and sensorraw data can be streamed through

Bluetooth® to an Android® application or PC GUI for demonstration, evaluation, and customized

development.

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