Licht MFC-200/P Manual de usuario

Parallelism Controller

model MFC-200/P

Technical Manual

Licht

Rev. A2 (23–01–09) MFC-200/P Technical Manual 1

Contents

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

2 Available versions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3 Operating principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

4 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

4.1 Front panel indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

4.2 Manual commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

4.3 Conﬁguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

4.4 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

4.5 Parameter reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

5 Programmable parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

5.1 MODBUS protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

5.2 DNP3 protocol (option) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

6 Error conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

6.1 Synchronism error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

6.2 Position deviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

6.3 Conﬁguration error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

6.4 Communication error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

A Speciﬁcations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

B Housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

C Connection diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

D Conﬁguration sheet (MFC-200/P/1 and MFC-200/P/b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

E Conﬁguration sheet (MFC-200/P/2) .................................. 24

F MODBUS registers (MFC-200/P/2) .................................. 25

G MODBUS registers (MFC-200/P/b) .................................. 26

Licht http://www.licht-labs.com

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Rev. A2 (23–01–09) MFC-200/P Technical Manual 2

1 Introduction

The MFC-200/P controller was developed by Licht for the paralellism supervision and

control of 3-phase power transformers and 3-phase groups of monophase transformers.

The MFC-200/P can feature up to 6 current loop outputs for position retransmission,

14 relays for electromechanic logic and an RS485 interface for supervision and remote

control.

The parallelism control is implemented according to the master-follower principle, under

which all tap changer positions are kept synchronized. For parallel control to be success-

ful under this scenario, we admit that all involved transformers have identical nominal

currents, number of taps and voltage delta per tap. Each tap changer’s position is read

directly from its potentiometric sensor or indirectly either via a current loop (typically 4-

20 mA) or BCD contacts, according to the client’s speciﬁcations. During parallel control,

the Master tap changer’s position is compared to its Followers’, and tap changer pulses

are issued to the Follower tap changers whose positions don’t match their Master’s.

In the MFC-200/P architecture, each controller is responsible for a 3-phase transformer

or 3-phase group of monophase transformers. There’s a 3-phase Group ↔3-phase Trans-

former equivalence, such that all instructions contained in this manual apply to both

conﬁgurations.

The MFC-200/P shares its form factor with other Licht controllers for transformers, such

as the MFC-200/R voltage regulator and the MFC-200/T temperature controller. All

signals that enter and exit the controller are pairwise galvanically isolated, preventing

potentially damaging noise and transients from being transferred between subcircuits or

retransmitted to other devices.

Figure 1.1 Controlador MFC-200/P

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Rev. A2 (23–01–09) MFC-200/P Technical Manual 3

2 Available versions

To better suit the market’s diversity, the MFC-200/P parallelism controller is available

in 3 versions:

1. MFC-200/P/1: controls one 3-phase transformer, possibly networked with other

MFC-200/P/1 and MFC-200/P/b devices.

2. MFC-200/P/2: controls a pair of 3-phase transformers, without network option.

3. MFC-200/P/b: controls a 3-phase bank of monophase transformers, possibly net-

worked with other MFC-200/P/1 or MFC-200/P/b devices.

Communication functionality with supervisor systems is available in all versions, does not

require additional hardware and does not depend on MFC-200/P network connectivity.

All MFC-200/P controllers have the same hardware speciﬁcations and software parame-

ters. All devices are equally customizable in order to suit special conﬁgurations (for

example, concerning position acquisition, remote transmission and communication proto-

cols).

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Rev. A2 (23–01–09) MFC-200/P Technical Manual 4

3 Operating principle

General Case

The operation of transformers in parallel can be motivated by expansion, redundancy or

convenience. For it to be practical, the transformers involved must have their secondary

voltages as similar as possible at all times. Otherwise, transformers with lower outputs

become loads to the others, creating circulation currents.

The MFC-200/P is designed for power transformers with on-load tap changers. These

can adjust their tranformation relation as their loads change, guaranteeing adequate reg-

ulation. The Master-Follower principle supposes that the involved transformers have tap

changers with the same number of taps, and that each tap corresponds to the same out-

put voltage. Circulation currents are minimized by operating transformers on identical

positions.

In the Master-Follower principle, a transformer which we denote the Master is chosen as

the reference. The others, denoted Followers, have their positions automatically updated

in order to match the Master. Parallel control is synchronous, because all transformers –

irrespective of being the Master or the Follower – receive simultaneous commands. Trans-

formers can be removed from parallel control if conﬁgured as Individual, and completely

ignored if conﬁgured as Disabled.

Some exceptional scenarios are detected and treated. These can vary from tap changer

failures (for example, when a Follower transformer doesn’t respond to commands and fails

to match its Master) to conﬁguration errors (for example, conﬁguring a Master without

Followers or Followers without a Master).

Master

Transformer

Position 9

Follower

Transformer

Position 9

Individual

Transformer

Position 5

Figure 3.1 3-phase Transformer Parallelism

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Rev. A2 (23–01–09) MFC-200/P Technical Manual 5

3-phase Groups of Monophase Transformers

3-phase groups of monophase transformers are a special case of parallelism. Each group is

formed by 3 monophase transformers and their respective on-load tap changers. From an

external perspective, a group must behave as a 3-phase transformer. Therefore, each of

its phases must present the same secondary voltage. This is satisﬁed if each phase’s tap

changer is on the same position. For groups to be mutually synchronized, tap changers

from diﬀerent groups must also be in numerically equal positions.

For the purposes of parallel operation, each group is classiﬁed as Master, Follower, In-

dividual or Disabled. The equivalence Group ↔3-phase Transformer is only lost when a

group is set as Disabled. Otherwise, the MFC-200/P will always attempt to maintain a

group’s 3 phases in the same numerical position.

Master

Phase A

Position 9

Master

Phase B

Position 9

Master

Phase C

Position 9

Follower

Phase A

Position 9

Follower

Phase B

Position 9

Follower

Phase C

Position 9

Figure 3.2 3-phase Group Paralellism

Manual Commands

Transformers or groups conﬁgured as Master or Individual can be manually commanded

by an operator. This command may be local (issued on the controller’s keyboard) or

remote (via the RS485 interface). In the case of groups, the command is repeated on all

3 phases.

If a Follower transformer fails to respond to tap change commands, the MFC-200/P will

ignore subsequent commands and signal the error condition. In this scenario an oper-

ator must reconﬁgure the transformer as Individual and manually manage the system’s

parallelism until a solution can be found.

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Rev. A2 (23–01–09) MFC-200/P Technical Manual 6

4 Operation

4.1 Front panel indication

Under normal opration, the MFC-200/P indicates its channel’s position, operation mode

(Master, Follower, Individual, Disabled) and, if applicable, the raise (↑) or lower (↓)

command indications. Figure 4.1 presents a front panel indication example.

Licht

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PARALLELISM CONTROLLER

MFC-200/P/1

12345 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29

27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20

Chan. 03 Pos. 07

Mode: Master

Figure 4.1 Front Panel

3-phase transformer channels are indicated by their number. Group channels are indicated

by their number and phase – for example, channel 2B corresponds to group 2’s B phase.

Phase A is always a bank’s reference phase which phases B and C automatically follow.

Whenever the MFC-200/P is conﬁgured for 3-phase transformers, the channel’s position

is always displayed. If conﬁgured for a bank of monophase transformers, the display

alternates each phase’s position. In alarm situations, the display alternates between an

error message and the channel’s indication, regardless of the device’s conﬁguration.

4.2 Manual commands

3-phase transformers or 3-phase groups of monophase transformers conﬁgured as Mas-

ter or Individual can be directly commanded by the MFC-200/P with a manual com-

mand. Whenever the transformer or group is conﬁgured as Follower or Disabled, the

command is ignored. In the case of MFC-200/P/2 controllers, manual commands act on

the Master/Follower pair, simultaneously altering both transformers’ positions. Manual

commands are only accepted if there’s no synchronism error between all channels.

To perform a manual command, press the ↑or ↓key.

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Rev. A2 (23–01–09) MFC-200/P Technical Manual 7

It is also possible to command a 3-phase group’s given phase. First verify that the channel

is conﬁgured as Disabled (if not, an error message will be displayed and the command

will be ignored). Next, press the Pkey and select Manual Command in the conﬁguration

menu. Select the phase to be commanded (A, B or C) and press P. The command is

given with the ↑or ↓key. This sequence can be cancelled at any moment by pressing the

Ckey.

It is also possible to manually command a given transformer controlled by an MFC-

200/P/2. First verify that the channel to be commanded is conﬁgured as Individual (if

not, an error messsage will be displayed and the command will be ignored). Next, press

the Pkey and select Manual Command in the conﬁguration menu. Select the transformer

to be commanded (1 or 2) and press P. The command is given with the ↑or ↓key. This

sequence can be cancelled at any moment by pressing the Ckey.

Master

Transformer

↑Position 7 ↑

Follower

Transformer

Position 7

Individual

Transformer

Position 4

Figure 4.2 Raise Command Example (Before)

Master

Transformer

Position 8

Follower

Transformer

Position 8

Follower

Transformer

Position 4

Figure 4.3 Raise Command Example (After)

4.3 Conﬁguration

The MFC-200/P features 4 keys to access its functions. The procedure to conﬁgure any

parameter is as follows:

1. Press the Pkey to enter the parameters menu.

2. Using the ↑and ↓keys, choose the desired parameter.

3. Press Pto conﬁrm the parameter’s selection.

4. Choose the desired value with the ↑and ↓keys.

5. Conﬁrm pressing P.

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Rev. A2 (23–01–09) MFC-200/P Technical Manual 8

The conﬁguration sequence can be cancelled at any time by pressing C.

4.4 Calibration

Before commissioning, the MFC-200/P must be calibrated for the tap changer’s poten-

tiometric disc. The procedure to do so follows:

1. Power on the device while pressing ↑or ↓.

2. The message Min. Tap A Phase will be displayed along with a value proportional

to phase A’s measured resistance. Take the tap changer to its minimal position.

When the value stabilizes, press the Pkey.

3. The message Max. Tap A Phase will be displayed along with a value proportional

to phase A’s measured resistance. Take the tap changer to its maximum position.

When the value stabilizes, press the Pkey.

4. Repeat the procedure for phases B and C.

This calibration guarantees precise measurements, regardless of connection length or cross-

section. We recommend this procedure is repeated every time the sensor interconnections

are altered signiﬁcantly.

4.5 Parameter reset

The MFC-200/P can be reset to factory settings. This procedure also resets its password

to AAAA. To do so, power on the device while pressing C.

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Rev. A2 (23–01–09) MFC-200/P Technical Manual 9

5 Programmable parameters

The MFC-200/P was developed to provide the user with the greatest possible ﬂexiblity,

such that all supervision and conﬁguration can be executed on-site or remotely through

the existing communication channels.

We deﬁne all user-conﬁgurable parameters as follows:

Parallelism Mode (only MFC-200/P/1 and MFC-200/P/b)

Options:Master,Follower,Individual or Disabled

Description: Selects if the channel operates as Master, Follower, Individual or Disabled.

Transformer {1, 2}Mode (only MFC-200/P/2)

Options:Master,Follower,Individual or Disabled

Description: Selects the parallelism mode for transformers 1 and 2.

Number of Positions

Options:2to 50

Description: The on-load tap changer’s number of positions.

Synchronism Error Timeout

Options:5to 100 s

Description: Interval deﬁned from the instant when failure to follow was detected to

this error’s indication.

Conﬁguration Error Timeout

Options:5to 100 s

Description: Interval deﬁned from the instant when a conﬁguration failure was detected

to this error’s indication.

Address (only MFC-200/P/1 and MFC-200/P/b)

Options:0 to 15

Description: Conﬁgures this MFC-200/P’s network address. Each tap changer or bank

must have a unique address. A network of MFC-200/Ps can control up to 16 3-phase

transformers or 3-phase groups of monophase transformers.

Output Current (if any)

Options:0-1,0-5,0-10,0-20,4-20 mA

Description: Refers to the various conﬁgurable current loop scales.

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