IWL KMAX Series Manual de usuario
KMAX Quick Start
Thank you for purchasing KMAX from InterWorking Labs (IWL.) This quick start gui e is
inten e to help you set up an begin using your KMAX-MM or KMAX-P.
If you have trouble or questions please contact InterWorking Labs by email at
Table of Contents
1 Package Contents...........................................................................3
2 Passwords.......................................................................................3
3 Operating Environment..................................................................3
3.1 Location...................................................................................3
3.1.1 Electrical Power.................................................................3
3.2 Temperature, Humidit , and Airflow.........................................4
3.3 Vibration and Orientation.........................................................4
4 Startup/Boot Process......................................................................4
5 Management Interface IP Address..................................................5
6 Ethernet Interfaces.........................................................................5
6.1 Configuration Of The Management Interface...........................6
6.2 Reviewing IP Configuration With The kinfo Account.................7
6.3 KMAX Network Services...........................................................7
7 KMAX Browser Web Interface:........................................................7
7.1 Login Screen............................................................................8
7.2 Dashboard................................................................................8
7.3 Management I/F Page..............................................................9
8 Help And Documentation................................................................9
9 Connecting To the Devices Under Test............................................9
9.1 Beware Of Forwarding Loops.................................................10
9.2 Link State and Interface Speed..............................................10
10 Upgrading The KMAX Software...................................................10
Appendix A:
Using a USB Flash Drive To Configure The Management Interface Of
KMAX-MM..........................................................................................11
Appendix B:
Using The Offline Method To Configure The Management Interface. 14
Appendix C:
Using The Serial Port To Configure The Management Interface Of
KMAX-MM..........................................................................................15
Appendix D:
Using DHCP To Configure The Management Interface......................18
Appendix E:
Using a Ke board and Video Monitor To Configure The Management
Interface Of KMAX-P..........................................................................20
KMAX-MM Quick Start Februar 25, 2020 Page 1 of 19
1 Package Contents
KMAX-MM customers: Please check that you have the
following items that are shippe in the KMAX-MM
package:
•The KMAX-MM evice. The serial number an
MAC a resses may be foun on a label on the
bottom.
•The power a apter. Use only the a apter supplie by IWL.
KMAX-P customers: Please check that you have the
following items that are shippe in the KMAX-P package:
•The KMAX-P evice. The serial number an MAC a resses
may be foun on a label on the bottom.
•A box of accessories, inclu ing a base an power cable.
2 Passwords
Please save these passwor s, which are require to perform
a ministrative operations on KMAX-MM:
Username Password Function
kinfo The password can be found on the QR
code label on the bottom/side of your unit. Get configuration
ksetup The password can be found on the QR
code label on the bottom/side of your unit. Set configuration
3 perating Environment
3.1 Location
Consi er where you will be installing KMAX. This will ictate the IP a ress that you will
nee to assign to the management interface. The management interface is logically istinct
from the two ata ports – the traffic that you will be impairing shoul be on an entirely
separate subnet..
3.1.1 Electrical Power
KMAX-MM: The power connector has the following specifications
Voltage 12V, DC
Current 2A (or more)
Sleeve: Ground
Center post: 2.5mm, Positive
Use only the power supply provi e by IWL.
Assure that the power supply is not angling from a power outlet an that the cor
from the power supply to the KMAX-MM itself is not entangle .
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Note: Power-over-Ethernet (PoE) is not provided by any Ethernet port on
KMAX-MM.
KMAX-P: Electrical Power
Socket: IEC 60320 C13, Voltage: 100VAC – 240VAC, Frequenc : 47Hz - 63Hz
3.2 Temperature, Humidity, and Airflow
KMAX will become warm to the touch as it operates. It will become warmer when it is
carrying heavy packet loa s.
KMAX-MM uses passive cooling; it shoul not be place in a tightly confine space with no
airflow. KMAX-P uses several fans for cooling. These shoul not be blocke .
KMAX shoul be in a location with normal office or computer room temperature an humi ity
levels.
3.3 Vibration and rientation
KMAX contains no rotating or moving parts, but shoul not be subjecte to more vibration
than is typical for a computer rack that contains operating isk rives.
KMAX-MM may be mounte in any orientation.
KMAX-P shoul be operate either on its si e (using the provi e support bracket) with the
fans facing upwards or on its rubber feet.
4 Startup/Boot Process
KMAX-MM:
The boot-up process usually takes between 90 an 120 secon s. To reboot
KMAX-MM, unplug the power a apter, then plug it back in. The LEDs on the front of
KMAX-MM in icate status:
Initial power up
Impairment engine starte
Web server starte
KMAX-P:
The KMAX-P front panel has a power button. The power button must be pushe to
power-up the evice. The boot-up process usually takes between 90 an 120
secon s. Boot-up completion is usually in icate by a short “beep” tone (the tone is
not lou , so it can be easily misse .)
To reboot KMAX-P, either to hol the power switch for several secon s, then release
it, or momentarily push the reset button if there is one. Don't abruptly unplug the
power a apter an then plug it back in.
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5 Management Interface IP Address
If KMAX has not been configure with a static IP a ress and your network oes not have a
DHCP server then KMAX-MM will use a efault IP a ress 192.168.0.5 an a netmask of
255.255.255.0.
6 Ethernet Interfaces
KMAX-MM:
The KMAX-MM has three Ethernet interfaces. One is use for control – this is calle
the “management interface”. You will connect the management interface to an IPv4
network that is accessible from the web browser(s) through which you will operate
KMAX-MM.
The other two Ethernet interfaces are use to carry the packets that will be passing
between the evices you are testing.
The management interface is highlighte in this image:
The LEDs on the KMAX-MM Ethernet ports in icate negotiate connection spee
an activity:
The green LED on the left blinks if there is sen or
receive activity, no matter the negotiate spee .
The meaning of the yellow LED on the right epen s on
the type of boar :
•APU2 (indicated by blue USB connectors): Lit
for 1 Gbits/sec, not lit otherwise.
•APU (indicated by black USB connectors): Lit
an stea y if the interface is running at 100
Mbits/sec. The LED is off if the interface is
running at 10 Mbits/sec or 1 Gbits/sec.
KMAX-P:
The KMAX-G has several Ethernet interfaces. One is use for control – this is calle
the “management interface”.
KMAX-MM Quick Start Februar 25, 2020 Page 4 of 19
The management port (“em0”) is normally the RJ45 hole that is closest to the
video/HDMI connectors. In some units, it may be the other RJ45 hole just next to it.
You will connect the management interface to an IPv4 network that is accessible
from the web browser(s) through which you will operate KMAX-G. Once operational
you may configure the management interface to also use IPv6.
The other Ethernet interfaces are use to carry the packets that will be passing
between the evices you are testing.
6.1 Configuration f The Management Interface
Before using KMAX you will nee to establish a known IPv4 a ress for the management
interface.
Use a stan ar RJ45 base Ethernet cable to connect the management port on KMAX to
your network. The Ethernet jacks on KMAX have auto MDI/MDI-X logic, so it shoul not
matter whether you use a stan ar straight-through Ethernet cable or a crossover cable.
You coul allow that interface to obtain its a ress ynamically, but that can be inconvenient
if you can't pre ict what a ress your DHCP server will assign.
If the KMAX tries to use DHCP an fails to obtain an a ress it will fall back to the IP
a ress 192.168.0.5/24.
Usually it will be more convenient to assign a known, fixe network number.
Once you have assigne the network numbers to the management interface you can use the
KMAX web GUI to set the network numbers. But that creates a chicken-an -egg problem:
How o you set the network numbers so that you can get to the web page to set the network
numbers? The following sections escribe how to resolve this.
•Recommended and easiest:
KMAX-MM: Use the USB Flash rive configuration utility. See Appen ix A.
KMAX-P: Attach a keyboar an vi eo monitor to set it up. See Appen ix E.
•Use the offline metho . See Appen ix B.
•Use the serial cable configuration (“ksetup” utility login, applicable to KMAX-MM only)
. See Appen ix C
•Use DHCP. See Appen ix D. This metho allows KMAX to ask a DHCP server on
your network for a ynamic IP a ress. The rawback of this metho is that it may
be ifficult for you to ascertain what a ress the DHCP server assigne . With DHCP
you may obtain a ifferent IP a ress every time you reboot KMAX.
If you have been successful you shoul be able to “ping” the KMAX from another computer
on your network. You shoul also be able to reach KMAX from a web browser on your
network using a URL of the form http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/ where xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx is the IP
a ress that was assigne to KMAX.
KMAX-MM Quick Start Februar 25, 2020 Page 5 of 19
6.2 Reviewing IP Configuration With The kinfo Account
You may view the KMAX management interface settings via SSH or the serial port. If using
SSH, simply connect to the KMAX with the login name “kinfo”. This assumes that you
alrea y know the a ress that KMAX is using.
If you on't know the management IP a ress of your KMAX:
For KMAX-MM, you can log in KMAX via the serial console. You will nee to set up
the serial connection as escribe in Appen ix C then connect, using a terminal
emulator program, to the KMAX-MM serial interface.
For KMAX-P, attach a keyboar to any of the USB ports on the KMAX-P, an attach a
vi eo monitor to the HDMI or DVI port on the KMAX-P. Power on your KMAX-P.
Then login with.
•Username: kinfo
•Passwor : See the top of this ocument for the kinfo user passwor .
After you login, a script will isplay several win ows that show the current IP
configuration.
6.3 KMAX Network Services
Be aware that KMAX-MM’s management interface may attempt to use or provi e certain
services on your network:
•DHCP
•SSH (TCP port 22)
•DNS – Domain Name System (UDP port 53)
•HTTP (TCP port 80) an HTTPS (TCP port 443)
•NTP- Network Time Protocol (UDP port 123)
•SNMP – Simple Network Managent Protocol (UDP ports 161 an 162)
•SYSLOG – System logging (Syslog, UDP port 514)
7 KMAX Browser Web Interface:
The KMAX family or pro ucts is controlle by a web browser. Supporte browsers inclu e:
Operating s stem Browsers supported
Windows 7 and 10 Chrome and Firefox
Mac 10.9 (Mavericks), 10.10
(Yosemite), and 10.11 (El Capitan)
Chrome, Firefox, and Safari
Linux 64 bit Chrome and Firefox
Linux 32 bit Firefox onl (Chrome is ending
support for 32-bit Linux)
KMAX-MM makes heavy use of JavaScript an mo ern web browser technologies such as
HTML 5 an websockets. Please make sure that your browser is up-to- ate an that it is
running on a platform with a equate memory an processor resources.
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7.1 Login Screen
Bring up a web browser on a separate system an use the KMAX IP a ress as the URL.
You will see the KMAX web checkbox login screen:
Login to the KMAX web GUI by enabling the checkbox an clicking on the button to accept
the license.
7.2 Dashboard
After you login, you will see the ashboar page. At boot time, KMAX will launch the efault
scenario 5_ban s_of_impairments, an this scenario will appear in a ashboar slot:
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7.3 Management I/F Page
Once you have connecte to KMAX-MM using a browser, select the Manage System >
Management I/F menu item to bring up the interface management page:
8 Help And Documentation
The online web help is accessible via Help > Online Help. The PDF versions of ocuments
are available from the KMAX unit itself via the URL http://<kmax_ip_address>/refdocs
9 Connecting To the Devices Under Test
Because KMAX operates at layer 2 there are no a itional a ressing or routing parameters
to be configure in the evices being teste .
KMAX intro uces a small store-an -forwar elay – on the or er of a few hun re
microsecon s. This elay is insignificant for most IP an higher level protocol testing
purposes because it is typically an or er of magnitu e (or more) smaller than the kin s of
elays normally perceive at that level.
KMAX-MM Quick Start Februar 25, 2020 Page 8 of 19
Some issues may arise when you connect evices to the two ata interfaces; these are
enumerate below:
9.1 Beware f Forwarding Loops
A common error when wiring KMAX between evices is to irectly (or in irectly) plug both of
the ata ports into the same switch. This configuration creates a packet forwar ing loop. As
soon as the first packet is sent by any evice, the network will reach full capacity as the
packet goes aroun an aroun in an infinite loop.
When wiring KMAX into the network, exercise care to assure that the two network segments,
the one attache to LAN-A an the one attache to LAN-B, are isolate from one another
without any routers, switches, or hubs connecting them together. KMAX shoul be the sole
point of interconnection.
Note: KMAX may be use between two ports of the same switch if that switch is able to
separate those ports onto separate untagge VLANs. However, some switches that emit
Spanning Tree Protocol onto those untagge VLANs may o so incorrectly by using the
same source MAC a ress. This can cause a switch to incorrectly believe that a loop has
been create . KMAX can accommo ate this situation through the use of an Ethernet filter
that classifies those packets into a ban that has been set to rop 100% of the packets on
that ban .
9.2 Link State and Interface Speed
When you connect evices to the two ata interfaces of a KMAX, you shoul always check
that you are getting the link-state in icator at both KMAX as well as on the interfaces to the
evices. Note, however, that the LEDs on the KMAX-MM o not always properly isplay
link-state when connecte to 1G evices. Instea , look at the link state in icators on the
KMAX user interface.
The interfaces on KMAX-MM operate at 10, 100, or 1000 Mbps, full or half uplex. The
interfaces on KMAX-P operate at 10, 100, 1000 Mbps or 10Gbps, full or half uplex. Some
routers, switches, an test equipment have interfaces that are locke an will not negotiate
the spee or uplex setting.
If spee or uplex negotiation is not possible, the easiest cure is to insert an inexpensive,
consumer-gra e 10/100/1000 Mbps or 10Gbps switch into the path between the evice an
KMAX. These switches will usually solve negotiation issues.
10 Upgrading The KMAX Software
Obtain an up ate file from the IWL web site, at http:// support.iwl.com/
Once you have ownloa e that up ate file use the KMAX “Up ate KMAX” item un er the
“Manage System” tab on the user interface.
The up ate process will ownloa the up ate file from your computer onto the KMAX,
vali ate an apply the up ate, an then restart the KMAX.
NOTE: Before resuming use of KMAX you must clear your browser cache and cookies.
KMAX-MM Quick Start Februar 25, 2020 Page 9 of 19
Appendix A:
Using a USB Flash Drive To Configure The
Management Interface f KMAX-MM
This metho is only applicable to KMAX-MM.
This metho is fairly easy. You create a small text file on a USB flash rive, reboot the
KMAX-MM, insert the flash rive, an then push a button when the front panel LEDs blink in
a pattern in icating that your rive an file have been recognize .
When you turn on KMAX-MM by plugging in the power a apter, it will check to see if a USB
flash rive is connecte . If so, it will attempt to retrieve an IP a ress / mask / efault
gateway from a file on the rive.
Before you begin, obtain the following information from your system a ministrator:
•IPv4 a ress for the evice to use.
•Subnet mask in IPv4 a ress format (e.g. 255.255.255.0).
•IPv4 a ress to use as a efault route.
This proce ure uses a small button on the KMAX-MM. That button is behin a small hole
that will be foun slightly to the right of center on the front of the KMAX-MM. A small thin
object – such as a thin paperclip or a thumb tack – is use to reach through the hole to push
the button. A slight click can be felt when the button is pushe .
To configure KMAX-MM using this metho , follow these steps:
1. Format a flash rive using the FAT or FAT32 file system.
2. Create a text file at the root level of the rive with the file name kmaxinit.ini or
kmaxinit.txt. (kmaxinit.cfg is also accepte for now, but that may change in the
future.) The file name is case insensitive.
The file contents follow the familiar .ini form that is use on many Microsoft Win ows
systems.
Note that certain text e itors, particularly on Microsoft Win ows systems, may
impose their own file name suffix convention. So check that the actual file name you
create has one of the names, inclu ing the suffix, as shown above.
3. A lines to the file in the following form. Use the values you obtaine from your
system a ministrator.
[network]
name=kmax-mm.example.tld
ip=192.168.1.5
plen=24
#mask=255.255.255.0
dflt=192.168.1.1
Where:
•name is the fully qualifie omain name you wish to assign to the
KMAX-MM Quick Start Februar 25, 2020 Page 10 of 19
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