Crown FM600 Manual de usuario

FM600 Broadcast Transmitter

User'sManual

International Radio and Electronics Corporation

25166 Leer Drive, Elkhart, Indiana, 46514-5425 U.S.A. (574) 262-8900

Revision Control

Revision Print Date

Initial Release March 2007

ImportantNotices

Portions of this document were originally copyrighted by Michael P. Axman in 1994.

stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language in any form by any means

without the written permission of International Radio and Electronics, Inc.

Printed in U.S.A.

Crown Broadcast attempts to provide information that is accurate, complete, and useful.

Should you find inadequacies in the text, please send your comments to the following

address:

International Radio and Electronics Corporation

P.O. Box 2000

Elkhart, Indiana, 46515-2000 U.S.A.

Contents

Section 1–Getting Acquainted 1-1

1.1 Your Transmitter 1-2

1.2 Applications and Options 1-3

1.2.1 Stand Alone 1-4

1.2.2 Backup 1-4

1.2.3 Booster 1-4

1.2.4 Exciter 1-4

1.2.5 Translator 1-5

1.2.6 Satellator 1-6

1.2.7 Nearcasting 1-6

1.3 Transmitter/Exciter Specifications 1-7

1.4 Receiver Specifications 1-9

1.5 Safety Considerations 1-10

1.5.1 Dangers 1-10

1.5.2 Warnings 1-10

1.5.3 Cautions 1-10

Section 2–Installation 2-1

2.1 Operating Environment 2-2

2.2 Power Connections 2-2

2.2.1 AC Line Voltage Setting 2-2

2.2.2 Fuses 2-5

2.3 Frequency (Channel) Selection 2-5

2.3.1 Modulation Compensator 2-7

2.4 Receiver Frequency Selection 2-7

2.5 RF Connections 2-10

2.6 Audio Input Connections 2-11

2.7 SCA Input Connections 2-12

2.8 Composite Input Connection 2-12

2.9 Audio Monitor Connections 2-13

2.10 Pre-emphasis Selection 2-13

2.11 Program Input Fault Time-out 2-14

2.12 Remote I/O Connector 2-14

iii

Section 3-Operation 3-1

3.1 Initial Power-up Procedures 3-2

3.2 Power Switches 3-4

3.2.2 Power Switch 3-4

3.2.3 Carrier Switch 3-4

3.3 Front Panel Bar-Dot Displays 3-5

3.3.1 Audio Processor Input 3-5

3.3.2 Highband and Wideband Display 3-5

3.3.3 Modulation Display 3-5

3.4 Input Gain Switches 3-6

3.5 Processing Control 3-6

3.6 Stereo-Mono Switch 3-6

3.7 RF Output Control 3-7

3.8 Digital Multimeter 3-7

3.9 Fault Indicators 3-8

Section 4-Principals of Operation 4-1

4.1 Part Numbering 4-2

4.2 Audio Processor Circuit 4-3

4.3 Stereo Generator Circuit 4-4

4.4 RF Exciter Circuit Board 4-6

4.5 Metering Circuit Board 4-8

4.6 Motherboard 4-9

4.7 Display Circuit Board 4-10

4.8 Voltage Regulator Circuit Board 4-11

4.9 Power Regulator Circuit Board 4-12

4.10 RF Driver/Amplifier 4-12

4.13 Chassis 4-14

4.14 RF Output Filter & Reflectometer 4-14

4.15 Receiver Circuit Board Option 4-15

Section 5-Adjustments and Tests 5-1

5.1 Audio Processor Adjustments 5-2

5.1.1 Pre-Emphasis Selection 5-2

5.1.2 Pre-Emphasis Adjustment 5-2

5.2 Stereo Generator Adjustments 5-2

5.2.1 Separation 5-2

5.2.2 Composite Output 5-2

Using a Modulation Monitor 5-3

5.2.3 19kHz Level 5-4

5.2.4 19kHz Phase 5-4

5.3 Frequency Synthesizer Adjustments 5-4

5.3.1 Frequency (Channel) Selection 5-4

5.3.2 Modulation Compensator 5-4

5.3.3 Frequency Measurement and Adjustment 5-4

5.3.4 FSK Balance Control 5-5

5.4 Metering Board Adjustments 5-5

5.4.1 Power Calibrate 5-5

5.4.2 Power Set 5-5

5.4.3 SWR Calibrate 5-5

5.4.4 PA Current Limit 5-6

5.5 Motherboard Adjustments 5-6

5.6 Display Modulation Calibration 5-6

5.7 Voltage Regulator Adjustment 5-6

5.8 Bias Set (RF Power Amplifier) 5-7

5.9 Performance Verification 5-7

5.9.1 Audio Proof of Performance Measurements 5-7

5.9.2 De-Emphasis Input Network 5-7

5.10 Carrier Frequency 5-8

5.11 Output Power 5-8

5.12 RF Bandwidth and RF Harmonics 5-8

5.13 Pilot Frequency 5-8

5.14 Audio Frequency Response 5-9

5.15 Audio Distortion 5-9

5.16 Modulation Percentage 5-9

5.17 FM and AM Noise 5-9

5.18 Stereo Separation 5-9

5.19 Crosstalk 5-9

5.19.1 Main Channel Into Sub 5-10

5.19.2 Sub Channel Into Main 5-10

5.20 38kHz Subcarrier Suppression 5-10

5.21 Additional Checks 5-10

Section 6-Reference Drawings 6-1

6.1 Views 6-2

6.2 Board Layouts and Schematics 6-4

Section 7-Service and Support 7-1

7.1 Service 7-2

7.2 24-Hour Support 7-2

Transmitter Output Efficiency Appendix-1

Glossary G-1

Index Index-1

Section 1—Getting Acquainted

This section provides a general description of the FM600 transmitter

and introduces you to safety conventions used within this document.

Review this material before installing or operating the transmitter.

1-1Getting Acquainted

1.1 Your Transmitter

The FM600 is a member of a family of FM stereo broadcast transmitters. Crown

transmitters are known for their integration, ease-of-use, and reliability.

The integration is most apparent in the standard transmitter configuration which

incorporates audio processing, stereo generation, and RF amplification without

compromised signal quality. A single Crown transmitter can replace several pieces of

equipment in a traditional system.

Ease-of-use is apparent in the user-friendly front panel interface and in the installation

procedure. Simply select your operating frequency (using 5 external switches), add an

audio source, attach an antenna, and connect AC power and you're ready to broadcast.

Of course, the FM series of transmitters also feature more sophisticated inputs and

monitoring connections if needed.

Reliability is a Crown tradition. The first Crown transmitters were designed for rigors of

worldwide and potentially portable use. The modular design, quality components,

engineering approach, and high production standards ensure stable performance.

Remote control and metering of the transmitter are made possible through a built-in I/O

port. For more direct monitoring, the front panel includes a digital multimeter display and

status indicators. Automatic control circuitry provides protection for high VSWR as well

as high current, voltage, and temperature conditions.

Illustration 1-1 FM150 Stereo Broadcast Transmitter

1-2FM600 Manual

1.2 Applications and Options

Crown transmitters are designed for versatility in applications. They have been used as

stand-alone and backup transmitters and in booster, translator, satellator, and nearcast

applications. The following discussion describes these applications further.

Model numbers describe the configuration of the product (which has to do with its intended

purpose) and the RF output power which you can expect.

The number portion of each name represents the maximum RF output power. The FM600,

for example, can generate up to 600 watts of RF output power.

Suffix letters describe the configuration. The FM600T, for example, is the standard or

transmitter configuration. Except where specified, this document describes the transmitter

configuration. In this configuration, the product includes the following components

(functions):

•Audio Processor/Stereo Generator

•RF Exciter

•Metering

•Low-Pass filter

Illustration 1–2 Standard (Transmitter) Configuration

1-3Getting Acquainted

Stereo

Generator

Circuit

Audio

Processor

Circuit

RF Exciter Circuit

Metering

Circuit

RF Low Pass filter

1.2.1 Stand-Alone

In the standard configuration, the FM600 is an ideal stand-alone transmitter. When you add

an audio source (monaural, L/R stereo, or composite signal), an antenna, and AC power,

the transmitter becomes a complete FM stereo broadcast station, capable of serving a

community.

As stand-alone transmitters, Crown units often replace multiple pieces of equipment in a

traditional setup (exciter, audio processor, RF amplifier).

1.2.2 Backup

In the standard configuration, Crown transmitters are also used in backup applications.

Should your primary transmitter become disabled, you can continue to broadcast while

repairs take place. In addition, the FM transmitters can replace disabled portions of your

existing system including the exciter, audio processor, or amplifier. Transfer switches on

each side of the existing and backup transmitters make the change-over possible with

minimal downtime.

1.2.3 Exciter

In addition to the standard configuration, the FM600 is available in optional configurations to

meet a variety of needs.

An "E" suffix, as in the FM600E, for example, represents an exciter-only configuration. In

this configuration, the audio processor and stereo generator boards are replaced with cir-

cuitry to bypass their function. The exciter configurations are the least expensive way to get

Crown quality components into your transmission system.

You might consider the Crown exciter when other portions of your system are performing

satisfactorily and you want to maximize your investment in present equipment.

1-4FM600 Users Manual

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