Commodore 64 Manual de usuario

A Pocket Handbook

for the Commodore 64

A Pocket Handbook

for the

Commodore 64

Peter Gerrard

Danny Doyle

Duckworth

Second impression April 1984

First published in December 1983 by

Gerald Duck orth & Co. Ltd.

The Old Piano Factory

43 Gloucester Crescent, London NW1

may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,

or transmitted, in any form or by any means,

electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording

or other ise, ithout the prior permission of the

publisher.

ISBN 0 7156 1787 7

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

Gerrard, Peter

A pocket handbook for the Commodore 64.

1 . Commodore 64 (Computer)

I . Title

001.64' QA76.8.C64

ISBN 0-7156-1787-7

Printed in Great Britain by

Red ood Burn Ltd., Tro bridge

and bound by Pegasus Bookbinding, Melksham

Contents

Preface 6

ASCII tables 7

Basic key ords 9

Basic error messages 12

Colour memory 14

Conversion tables 15

Disk commands 19

Disk error messages 21

Disk formats 26

Extramon listing 35

Flo charting 40

Hex/Dec convertor 42

Hyperbolic functions 43

Memory maps 44

Memory architecture 51

M/C instruction set 54

M/C mnemonics 74

Po ers tables 76

Cartridge slot 77

Joystick slot 78

RS232 standards 79

Centronics standards 86

Other output 87

Screen memory 89

Sound chip registers 90

Musical notes values 91

Sprite memory diagram 93

Index 95

Preface

This book is a collection of relevant facts and figures about

your Commodore 64 computer.

As ell as including full memory maps, microprocessor

instruction set, computer glossary, interface tables, disk for

mats, Basic commands, input/output tables, memory

architecture, and much more, this conveniently sized book

tells you, at a glance, any important fact you need to kno

hen programming and using your computer.

We've tried to include as much relevant material as possible

in as small a space as possible. As a result, the majority of this

book is simply facts and figures: one day e might rite a

book ith ords in it!

We'd like to thank Jim Butterfield ( ithout hom...) for

getting the hole Commodore scene rolling in his o n

inimitable style, anyone ho's given us any help, advice and

information in compiling this book, the Ne Inn in Ga cott

for providing excellent pints of Marston ales in times of stress,

and finally our ives. Penny and Beryl, for putting up ith us.

P.G. and D.D.

ASC tables

Standard ASCII characters (7-bit code)

01 2 3 4 5 67

LS 000 001 010 Oil 100 101 no 111

00000 NUL LE SP 0 @ P -P

10001 SOH C1 11AQaq

20010 STX C2 •• 2 B R b r

30011 ETX C3 £ 3 C Sc s

40100 EOT C4 $ 4 Td t

50101 ENQ NAK 7. 5 E U e u

60110 ACK SYN &6FVfV

70111 BEL ETB 7 G ugw

81000 BS CAN (8H X hX

91001 HT EM ) 9IY i Y

A1010 LF SUB * : Jzjz

B1011 VT ESC +5Kck

C1100 FF FS *<L 1

1101 CR GS =Mm

E1110 SO RS _> N n

----

m i SI US /70o EL

The ASCII symbols.

NUL -Null LE -ata Link Escape

SOH - Start of Heading C -evice Control

STX -Start of Text NAK -Negative Acknowledge

ETX - End of Text SYN -Synchronous Idle

EOT -End of Transmission ETB -End of Transmission Block

ENQ -Enquiry CAN -Cancel

ACK -Acknowledge EM -End of Medium

BEL -Bell (audible alert) SUB -Substitute

BS -Backspace ESC -Escape

HT -Horizontal Tabulation FS - File Separator

LF - Line Feed GS -Group Separator

VT -Vertical Tabulation RS -Record Separator

FF - Form Feed US -Unit Separator

CR -Carriage Return SP -Space (Blank)

SO - Shift Out EL -elete

SI -Shift In

Keyboard CNTL Sequences

NUL -CNTL 1LE -CNTL P

SOH -CNTL A C1/2/3/4 - CNTL Q/R/S/T

STX -CNTL B NAK -CNTL U

ETX -CNTL C SYN -CNTL V

EOT -CNTL ETB -CNTL W

ENQ -CNTL E CAN -CNTL X

ACK -CNTL FEN -CNTL Y

BEL -CNTL G SUB -CNTL Z

BS -CNTL H/BS ESC -ESC

HT -CNTL I/TAB FS -CNTL BACKSLASH

LF -CNTL J/LF GS -CNTL

VT -CNTL KRS -CNTL =

FF -CNTL L US -CNTL -

CR -CNTL M/CR SP -Space

SO -CNTL N SI -CNTL 0

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