Cisco Catalyst 9500 Series Manual de usuario

Routing Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE Everest 16.6.x (Catalyst

9500 Switches)

First Published: 2017-07-31

Last Modified: 2017-11-03

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CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1

Configuring Bidirectional Forwarding Detection 1

Bidirectional Forwarding Detection 1

Finding Feature Information 1

Prerequisites for Bidirectional Forwarding Detection 1

Restrictions for Bidirectional Forwarding Detection 2

Information About Bidirectional Forwarding Detection 2

BFD Operation 2

Neighbor Relationships 2

BFD Detection of Failures 3

BFD Version Interoperability 3

BFD Session Limits 4

BFD Support for Nonbroadcast Media Interfaces 4

BFD Support for Nonstop Forwarding with Stateful Switchover 4

BFD Support for Stateful Switchover 4

BFD Support for Static Routing 4

Benefits of Using BFD for Failure Detection 5

How to Configure Bidirectional Forwarding Detection 6

Configuring BFD Session Parameters on the Interface 6

Configuring BFD Support for Dynamic Routing Protocols 7

Configuring BFD Support for eBGP 7

Configuring BFD Support for EIGRP 8

Configuring BFD Support for IS-IS 10

Prerequisites 10

Configuring BFD Support for IS-IS for All Interfaces 11

Configuring BFD Support for IS-IS for One or More Interfaces 12

Configuring BFD Support for OSPF 13

Configuring BFD Support for OSPF for All Interfaces 14

Configuring BFD Support for OSPF for One or More Interfaces 15

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Configuring BFD Support for HSRP 17

Configuring BFD Support for Static Routing 18

Configuring BFD Echo Mode 21

Prerequisites 21

Restrictions 21

Disabling BFD Echo Mode Without Asymmetry 21

Creating and Configuring BFD Templates 22

Configuring a Single-Hop Template 22

Monitoring and Troubleshooting BFD 23

Feature Information for Bidirectional Forwarding Detection 24

CHAPTER 2

Configuring MSDP 25

Information About Configuring MSDP 25

MSDP Overview 25

MSDP Operation 26

MSDP Benefits 27

How to Configure MSDP 28

Default MSDP Configuration 28

Configuring a Default MSDP Peer 28

Caching Source-Active State 30

Requesting Source Information from an MSDP Peer 31

Controlling Source Information that Your Switch Originates 32

Redistributing Sources 33

Filtering Source-Active Request Messages 35

Controlling Source Information that Your Switch Forwards 36

Using a Filter 36

Using TTL to Limit the Multicast Data Sent in SA Messages 39

Controlling Source Information that Your Switch Receives 40

Configuring an MSDP Mesh Group 42

Shutting Down an MSDP Peer 43

Including a Bordering PIM Dense-Mode Region in MSDP 44

Configuring an Originating Address other than the RP Address 46

Monitoring and Maintaining MSDP 47

Configuration Examples for Configuring MSDP 48

Routing Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE Everest 16.6.x (Catalyst 9500 Switches)

Contents

Configuring a Default MSDP Peer: Example 48

Caching Source-Active State: Example 49

Requesting Source Information from an MSDP Peer: Example 49

Controlling Source Information that Your Switch Originates: Example 49

Controlling Source Information that Your Switch Forwards: Example 49

Controlling Source Information that Your Switch Receives: Example 50

Feature Information for Multicast Source Discovery Protocol 50

CHAPTER 3

Configuring IP Unicast Routing 51

Information About Configuring IP Unicast Routing 52

Information About IP Routing 52

Types of Routing 53

Classless Routing 53

Address Resolution 55

Proxy ARP 55

ICMP Router Discovery Protocol 55

UDP Broadcast Packets and Protocols 56

Broadcast Packet Handling 56

IP Broadcast Flooding 57

How to Configure IP Routing 57

How to Configure IP Addressing 58

Default IP Addressing Configuration 59

Assigning IP Addresses to Network Interfaces 60

Using Subnet Zero 61

Disabling Classless Routing 62

Configuring Address Resolution Methods 63

Defining a Static ARP Cache 63

Setting ARP Encapsulation 65

Enabling Proxy ARP 66

Routing Assistance When IP Routing is Disabled 68

Proxy ARP 68

Default Gateway 68

ICMP Router Discovery Protocol (IRDP) 69

Configuring Broadcast Packet Handling 71

Enabling Directed Broadcast-to-Physical Broadcast Translation 71

Routing Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE Everest 16.6.x (Catalyst 9500 Switches)

Contents

Forwarding UDP Broadcast Packets and Protocols 73

Establishing an IP Broadcast Address 75

Flooding IP Broadcasts 76

Monitoring and Maintaining IP Addressing 77

How to Configure IP Unicast Routing 78

Enabling IP Unicast Routing 78

Example of Enabling IP Routing 79

What to Do Next 79

Information About RIP 80

Summary Addresses and Split Horizon 80

How to Configure RIP 81

Default RIP Configuration 81

Configuring Basic RIP Parameters 82

Configuring RIP Authentication 84

Configuring Summary Addresses and Split Horizon 85

Configuring Split Horizon 87

Configuration Example for Summary Addresses and Split Horizon 88

Information About OSPF 89

OSPF Nonstop Forwarding 89

OSPF NSF Awareness 90

OSPF NSF Capability 90

OSPF Area Parameters 90

Other OSPF Parameters 90

LSA Group Pacing 91

Loopback Interfaces 91

How to Configure OSPF 92

Default OSPF Configuration 92

Configuring Basic OSPF Parameters 93

Configuring OSPF Interfaces 95

Configuring OSPF Area Parameters 97

Configuring Other OSPF Parameters 99

Changing LSA Group Pacing 101

Configuring a Loopback Interface 102

Monitoring OSPF 103

Configuration Examples for OSPF 104

Routing Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE Everest 16.6.x (Catalyst 9500 Switches)

Contents

Example: Configuring Basic OSPF Parameters 104

Information About EIGRP 104

EIGRP Features 104

EIGRP Components 105

EIGRP Nonstop Forwarding 106

EIGRP NSF Awareness 106

EIGRP NSF Capability 106

EIGRP Stub Routing 106

How to Configure EIGRP 107

Default EIGRP Configuration 108

Configuring Basic EIGRP Parameters 109

Configuring EIGRP Interfaces 111

Configuring EIGRP Route Authentication 113

Monitoring and Maintaining EIGRP 115

Information About BGP 115

BGP Network Topology 115

Nonstop Forwarding Awareness 117

Information About BGP Routing 117

Routing Policy Changes 117

BGP Decision Attributes 118

Route Maps 119

BGP Filtering 119

Prefix List for BGP Filtering 120

BGP Community Filtering 120

BGP Neighbors and Peer Groups 121

Aggregate Routes 121

Routing Domain Confederations 121

BGP Route Reflectors 121

Route Dampening 122

More BGP Information 122

How to Configure BGP 122

Default BGP Configuration 122

Enabling BGP Routing 126

Managing Routing Policy Changes 128

Configuring BGP Decision Attributes 129

Routing Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE Everest 16.6.x (Catalyst 9500 Switches)

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Contents

Configuring BGP Filtering with Route Maps 131

Configuring BGP Filtering by Neighbor 132

Configuring BGP Filtering by Access Lists and Neighbors 133

Configuring Prefix Lists for BGP Filtering 135

Configuring BGP Community Filtering 136

Configuring BGP Neighbors and Peer Groups 137

Configuring Aggregate Addresses in a Routing Table 140

Configuring Routing Domain Confederations 141

Configuring BGP Route Reflectors 143

Configuring Route Dampening 144

Monitoring and Maintaining BGP 145

IS-IS Routing 147

IS-IS Dynamic Routing 147

Nonstop Forwarding Awareness 147

IS-IS Global Parameters 148

IS-IS Interface Parameters 148

How to Configure IS-IS Routing 149

Default IS-IS Configuration 149

Enabling IS-IS Routing 150

Configuring IS-IS Global Parameters 152

Configuring IS-IS Interface Parameters 155

Monitoring and Maintaining IS-IS 158

Information About Multi-VRF CE 158

Understanding Multi-VRF CE 159

Network Topology 159

Packet-Forwarding Process 160

Network Components 161

VRF-Aware Services 161

How to Configure Multi-VRF CE 161

Default Multi-VRF CE Configuration 161

Multi-VRF CE Configuration Guidelines 162

Configuring VRFs 163

Configuring VRF-Aware Services 164

Configuring VRF-Aware Services for ARP 165

Configuring VRF-Aware Services for Ping 165

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Contents

Configuring VRF-Aware Services for SNMP 165

Configuring VRF-Aware Servcies for uRPF 166

Configuring VRF-Aware RADIUS 168

Configuring VRF-Aware Services for Syslog 168

Configuring VRF-Aware Services for Traceroute 169

Configuring VRF-Aware Services for FTP and TFTP 169

Configuring Multicast VRFs 170

Configuring a VPN Routing Session 173

Configuring BGP PE to CE Routing Sessions 174

Monitoring Multi-VRF CE 175

Configuration Examples for Multi-VRF CE 176

Multi-VRF CE Configuration Example 176

Configuring Unicast Reverse Path Forwarding 179

Protocol-Independent Features 179

Distributed Cisco Express Forwarding 180

Information About Cisco Express Forwarding 180

How to Configure Cisco Express Forwarding 180

Number of Equal-Cost Routing Paths 182

Information About Equal-Cost Routing Paths 182

How to Configure Equal-Cost Routing Paths 183

Static Unicast Routes 183

Information About Static Unicast Routes 183

Configuring Static Unicast Routes 184

Default Routes and Networks 186

Information About Default Routes and Networks 186

How to Configure Default Routes and Networks 186

Route Maps to Redistribute Routing Information 187

Information About Route Maps 187

How to Configure a Route Map 187

How to Control Route Distribution 191

Policy-Based Routing 193

Information About Policy-Based Routing 193

How to Configure PBR 194

Filtering Routing Information 197

Setting Passive Interfaces 197

Routing Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE Everest 16.6.x (Catalyst 9500 Switches)

Contents

Controlling Advertising and Processing in Routing Updates 199

Filtering Sources of Routing Information 200

Managing Authentication Keys 201

Prerequisites 201

How to Configure Authentication Keys 201

Monitoring and Maintaining the IP Network 203

Feature Information for IP Unicast Routing 203

CHAPTER 4

Configuring Generic Routing Encapsulation(GRE) Tunnel IP Source and Destination VRF

Membership 205

Restrictions for GRE Tunnel IP Source and Destination VRF Membership 205

Information About GRE Tunnel IP Source and Destination VRF Membership 206

How to Configure GRE Tunnel IP Source and Destination VRF Membership 206

Configuration Example for GRE Tunnel IP Source and Destination VRF Membership 207

Additional References 208

Feature History for Generic Routing Encapsulation Tunnel IP Source and Destination VRF

Membership 209

Notices 211

Trademarks 211

Routing Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE Everest 16.6.x (Catalyst 9500 Switches)

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