Audio Analogue Verdi Cento Manual de usuario

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Verdi Cento Integrated Amplifier 1 / 7

Issue Date: November 2008

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Research & Development

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Verdi Cento

Integrated Amplifier

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Verdi Cento Integrated Amplifier 2 / 7

Intro uction

Au io Analogue continues in Vacuum Tube/Soli State technology fusion research

intro ucing the Ver i Cento Integrate Amplifier to complete the au io chain begun

with RossiniCD Player REV2.0. We believe vacuum tube technology is, even now, very

vali in treating the au io signal in a preamplifier stage while leaving to soli state

technology the task of the Power stage. So this has been our esign philosophy: a

vacuum tube preamplifier stage to take a vantage of the au io properties of that

technology an a soli state power stage as “transparent” as possible. Other

important innovations concern the Mono/Pre Out an a e use functions.

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Verdi Cento Integrated Amplifier 3 / 7

Unit escription

1. Power Supply

2. Vacuum Tube Preamplifier Stage

3. Power Stages

4. Protections

5. Mono/Pre utput

6. Pre Phono Stage

7. Functionality

8. Technical Data

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Verdi Cento Integrated Amplifier 4 / 7

1. Power Supply

The Power supply is the basis of every au io evice. The Ver i Cento Integrate amplifier has

a very generous toroi al transformer with a e icate secon ary stage for each section of the

unit. After each secon ary stage there are regulation circuits for every section, let’s see it in

some etail:

Input Selection/Volume control/PrePhono/RECOUT Powers Supply

A e icate secon ary stage an 4 voltage

regulator provi e the supply for the input

selection section, volume control section, Rec

Out output stage an Pre phono section. The

pre Phono power supply is obtaine by further

filtering of the regulator output voltage via a

low time constant RC square.

Vacuum Tube Preamp Power supply

A lot of care has been taken over the Vacuum tube Preamp

power supply, because a Vacuum Tube ifferential pair (that is

the structure we have use in the preamp section) will never be

well matche enough to completely reject the power supply

variations. So we have esigne a iscrete component voltage

regulator to obtain a very stable voltage from the e icate

high voltage secon ary. The voltage regulator output is further

filtere by two very low time constant RC squares, one for each

channel. In such a way we have completely eliminate the

100Hz noise component an using separate RC square for the

channels also ecreases the crosstalk an increases the “soun

stage” efinition.

Vacuum Tube Heater

We eci e to use a e icate secon ary for the

Vacuum tube heater, in this way it is possible to use

a linear voltage regulator for the purpose avoi ing

potentially noisy switching type regulators. The

heather voltage has been selecte to have the best

au io performance from the vacuum tube use .

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Verdi Cento Integrated Amplifier 5 / 7

Power Amps Power Supply

We have e icate a

secon ary stage for each

power stage channel to

ecrease the crosstalk an

increase the “soun stage”

efinition. The power

amps power supplies take

a vantage of the high

power toroi al transformer

an iscrete high current

rectifier bri ge have been

use to allow high current

peaks. There are four

10000uF capacitors after

the bri ge for each

channel (so 40000uF for

each channel!) an a lot of

capacity has been

istribute close to the

Power amps to provi e the

charge for fast au io

responses. The big capacitors an the iscrete bri ge we have use allow the power stages to

perform very highly in bass repro uction. The particular solutions a opte in the power

supplies allow the realisation of the high signal to noise ratio expecte from the power stage

circuit use .

2. Vacuum Tube Preamplifier Stage

The vacuum tube preamp section is the first active stage the au io signal meets in the unit an

it is place after the input selection circuit an the volume control. The Preamp not only has to

amplify the signal an a apt the impe ances but must also provi e two out of phase signals to

rive the bri ge configure power stage. The unit is base on a “classic” an well-known

scheme that we have evelope to ecrease the output impe ance an match the application.

Moreover, the fact that it pro uces zero fee back is its main outstan ing characteristic. This

means we haven’t mo ifie the vacuum tube istortion characteristics in any way an we have

let the vacuum tube play “as it is” (remember the “philosophy”…). Nevertheless, the overall

istortion is kept low with a higher power stage gain that lets the preamp section work with a

low level signal at all times.

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Verdi Cento Integrated Amplifier 6 / 7

3. Power Stage

Our purpose was to have a soli

state power stage as “transparent”

as possible, able to provi e/supply

100W in an 8Ohm loa . So we have

chosen the National Semicon uctors

LM3886 Power pack as a buil ing

block an we have esigne a

“parallel/bri ge ” power amplifier.

We have eci e to use such a

component (we are not the first in

this, see Jeff Rowlan ’s Concentra

Integrate Amplifier as an example)

for its overall electrical

characteristics (high power

capability, high signal/noise ratio…),

its reliability an very goo overall

au io performance. The

“parallel/bri ge ” structure we have

use requires 4 LM3886 for each

channel an allows sharing of the

current eman e by the loa

among the 4 components. It also

allows the use of a lower power

supply voltage. In such a way we

can obtain more than 100W on an

8Ohm loa an more than 170W on a 4Ohm loa . The signal to noise ratio obtaine is very

goo : for a loa of 8Ohm with a 100W output power we have 99 B with no filter an 106 B A-

weighte (with a noise gate of 0-500KHz for both the measurements)!

4. Protections

Every sensitive part insi e the unit has been protecte to increase the reliability expecially in

respect to the temperature increasing ue to the high power capability of the pro uct. As an

example the LM3886 use in the power stage is a very reliable component (that’s one of the

reasons why we have choosen it!) protecte against shortcircuits an overcurrent an it has

two ifferent temperature protection systems: one against instantaneous overtemperature an

one against average overtemperature. We have intro uce a termal protection into the

toroi al transformer too to isconnect the primary if the temperature rises too much. An we

have even intro uce a thermost close to the power stage heathsink to etect the internal

overall temperature an isconnect the lou speakers if the temperature becomes too high,

protecting in such way all the components in the unit.

5. Mono/Pre ut

Ver i cento has a Mono/Pre Output. This means the output

can be set to be a Mono Out or a Preamplifier output. If you

set it as Mono Out you can use it to rive a passive

subwoofer. If you set it as preamp out you can use the Ver i

Cento preamp Stage to rive a Power Amplifier to realize a

“bi amplifie ” system or just to use the Ver i cento as

Preamplifier. The Mono/Pre Out is easily set changing the

position of Jumpers on the boar with the only simple but

essential recommen ation of to not o it with the unit on.

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Verdi Cento Integrated Amplifier 7 / 7

6. Pre phono stage

Ver i cento has a pre Phono section able to treat both MC an

MM signals. You can easily set the Pre Phono Mo e changing

the position of Jumpers on the boar . We have chosen this

kin of Mo e selection because it permits you to perform the

Pre Phono settings without increasing the track’s length an it

avoi s the low level signal from the cartri ge passing through

selectors.

7. Functionality

Ver i Cento has a new set of functions that makes it very flexible. Besi es the tra itional

integrate functions it can be set in bypass mo e to work as a Power Amplifier. Moreover, you

can change the “volume scale” of the integrate amplifier to match it with your lou speaker’s

efficiency an have the best volume resolution. Four ifferent scales are available inclu ing a

1 B step scale an a scale a juste for high efficiency lou speakers! Furthermore, the Ver i

Cento has the balance function as well.

All the components use are high quality an low tolerance. The Boar that is often a

neglecte “component” has been esigne respecting all possible noise re uction techniques

especially for the current return parts an power supply traces.

8. Technical Data

103 x 448 x 405 mm

Dimensions (Nota 1) 4,0 x 17,6 x 15,9 “

12,5 Kg

Weight 27,5 Lbs

Line Gain 4,6 B

Power Amp Gain 32,5 B

Phono Gain 60 B (MM), 80 B (MC)

Line Input impedance 40KOhm

Phono Input impedance 56KOhm (MM), 100Ohm (MC)

1W @ 0.03% THD + N

10W @ 0.05% THD + N

100W @ 0.15% THD + N

Power on 8 hm load:

110W @ 0.16% THD + N

[email protected]% THD + N

Power on 4 hm load: 170[email protected]% THD + N

Frequency responce (Note 2) 150KHz

Vout: 80Vpp

Responce to a Square Signal (Note 4) Rise time: 2.8uS

106.20 dB (A weighted)

Signal Noise Ratio (Note 3) 99.30 B (No filter)

Noise level (Nota 5) -100 B

Inputs 1 Phono Input + 5 Unbalanced Input

utputs 1 tape ut + 1 Pre/Mono utput

Notes:

Nota 1 - Height x Wi th x Depth

Nota 2 - Attenuation 0 B, -3 B ban

Nota 3 - Attenuation: 0 B A weighte reffere to 8 Ohm loa nominal power

Nota 4 - 8 Ohm loa nominal power

Nota 5 - Ban limits 0Hz-40kHz

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