Atlona OmniStream AT-OMNI-111 Guía de referencia rápida
Atlona Manuals
OmniStream
AT-OMNI-121
AT-OMNI-122
AT-OMNI-512
AT-OMNI-521 AT-OMNI-232
AT-OMNI-111
AT-OMNI-112
IT Deployment Guide
AT-OMNI-XXX
2
Version Release Date Notes
1 08/17 Initial release
2 11/17 Added language to cover both OmniStream Pro and R-Type
Version Information
AT-OMNI-XXX
3
Network Topologies 4
Single Logical Switch 4
Advantages 4
Disadvantages 4
Star 5
Advantages 5
Disadvantages 5
Fat Tree 6
Advantages 6
Disadvantages 6
Layer Terminology 7
Per Stream Bandwidth Utilization 8
Scrambling 8
Redundancy (OmniStream Pro Only) 8
Video 9
FEC (OmniStream Pro Only) 9
Audio 9
FEC (OmniStream Pro Only) 10
Data 10
Trunk Bandwidth Utilization 11
Unicast vs Multicast Routing 11
Trunk Port Denition 13
Trunk Uplink 13
Trunk Downlink 15
IGMP / Multicast Routing Requirements 16
Multicast Address Assignment 16
IGMP Snooping 16
IGMP Querier 16
Multicast Routing 16
Handling of Unregistered Multicasts 17
Special Notes for networks with Dante (AT-OMNI-232) 17
Multicast DNS (mDNS) 17
Switchport Conguration 17
Jumbo Frames 17
QoS 17
PoE 18
AMS 18
Table of Contents
AT-OMNI-XXX
4
Network Topologies
A network topology is how the various components of a network are arranged. For our purposes, this refers to the
various devices that OmniStream is connected to and how those devices are connected to each other.
Although there are a variety of dierent network topologies, OmniStream will nearly always be connected to one of
three groups: single logical switch, star, or fat tree. Each of these topologies has its own distinct advantages and
disadvantages, which we’ll briey discuss here.
By far, the simplest network topology we will come across is that of a single switch. In this type of system, each
OmniStream device is connected to a single logical switch that is not connected to any other switches/routers.
Note that this type of topology could refer to a single physical switch, or multiple physical switches that are stacked
and act as one logical switch.
Note that this type of topology could refer to a single physical switch, or multiple physical switches that are stacked
and act as one logical switch.
• Simple.
• Easy to manage.
• Limited network impact of video trac.
• Inexpensive.
• Atlona provided conguration les available for some Cisco SG300 SKUs.
• Limited scalability options.
• No network redundancy; single point of failure.
Single Logical Switch
Advantages
Disadvantages
AT-OMNI-XXX
5
Network Topologies
For systems needing more scalability than that oered by a single logical switch, multiple logical switches can be
each connected to a single switch for intercommunication. In this topology, the central switch is referred to as a
“core” switch, with the other switches being referred to as “access” switches. This type of system will typically see
OmniStream connected to the access switches.
• Much more scalable than a single logical switch.
• Multiple access switches can create a level of redundancy.
• Physical network layout can make cabling very expensive, as all access switches must be directly connected to
the core.
• Single core switch creates a single point of failure.
Star
Advantages
Disadvantages
“Core” Switch
“Access” Switch
“Access” Switch
“Access” Switch
“Access” Switch
AT-OMNI-XXX
6
“Core” Switch
“Access” Switch
“Access” Switch
“Access” Switch
“Access” Switch
“Access” Switch
“Access” Switch
Network Topologies
Very large network systems often fall into the category of a fat tree topology. Here, access switches are connected
to a distribution switch in a manner like a star network. Multiple distribution switches are in turn connected to a core
switch. There can be multiple layers of distribution switches, and multiple core switches can be interconnected. Links
further up the tree (closer to core switches) are “fatter”, or higher bandwidth, than links further down the tree (closer
to access switches).
• Ultimate scalability.
• Potential for highly redundant networks.
• Highly complex to manage.
• Very expensive.
Fat Tree
Advantages
Disadvantages
AT-OMNI-XXX
7
Users often refer to switches as a “layer 2 switch” or a “layer 3 switch”, often insisting that a “layer 3 switch” is
necessary for a multicast network to function properly. This statement isn’t always true, but to understand why, the
terms “layer 2 switch” and “layer 3 switch” must be rst understood.
These terms come from the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model, which denes how networks communicate
by partitioning the system into layers. In this model, layer 2 refers to the data link layer and layer 3 refers to the
network layer.
As such, a “layer 2 switch” is one that performs switching on the data link layer using MAC addresses. A “layer 3
switch” is one that performs switching on the network link layer using IP addresses.
Another easy way to understand it to relate the layer terminology to a more common vernacular:
• Layer 2 switch = switch.
• Layer 3 switch = switch/router.
Layer Terminology
Network Topologies
AT-OMNI-XXX
8
Per Stream Bandwidth Utilization
To eectively plan a network, it is necessary to understand how bandwidth on that network will be utilized. By rst
understanding how much bandwidth each stream on each switch will utilize, it becomes easy to see how bandwidth
across the system will be utilized.
OmniStream Pro and R-Type products support AES 128 scrambling of their video and audio streams, enabling
protection of content across the IP link.
The bandwidth penalty for using scrambling is negligible and does not noticeably increase the overall bandwidth
utilization of the system.
OmniStream Pro products support redundancy of video and audio streams, allowing for decoders to automatically
detect stream failures and switch to backups.
For encoder bandwidth utilization per port, add the calculated bandwidth utilization for each session congured for
the port in question together.
For decoder bandwidth utilization per port, the calculation must be done dierently depending on the redundancy
mode used.
• Join when active – In this mode, only the active stream is subscribed, so total bandwidth utilization is the sum of
either primary or backup, using whichever stream’s utilization is higher so that worst case is calculated. Take care
to ensure that if it is possible for both HDMI’s input streams can ow on the same port, that this is included in the
calculation. For example:
»IP input 1 – 450 Mbps, ETH1, primary video for HDMI 1
»IP input 2 – 450 Mbps, ETH1, primary video for HDMI 2
»IP input 3 – 450 Mbps, ETH2, backup video for HDMI 1
»IP input 4 – 450 Mbps, ETH2, backup video for HDMI 2
»In this case, it should be gured that bandwidth per port is calculated as 900 Mbps, but the unit (both ports)
will not exceed 900 Mbps.
• Join always – As both primary and backup streams are always subscribed, the total bandwidth utilization is the
sum of all streams congured for the port in question.
Scrambling
Redundancy (OmniStream Pro Only)
AT-OMNI-XXX
9
Per Stream Bandwidth Utilization
Configured bitrate Used for video Used for FEC
FEC disabled 900 Mbps 900 Mbps 0 Mbps
FEC enabled, 4x4 900 Mbps 600 Mbps 300 Mbps
FEC enabled, 10x10 900 Mbps 750 Mbps 150 Mbps
FEC enabled, 20x20 900 Mbps 818 Mbps 82 Mbps
FEC enabled, 4x4 450 Mbps 300 Mbps 150 Mbps
FEC enabled, 10x10 450 Mbps 375 Mbps 75 Mbps
FEC enabled, 20x20 450 Mbps 409 Mbps 41 Mbps
Forward Error Correction (FEC) has a bandwidth penalty associated with its use. Atlona’s implementation of FEC
is per SMPTE 2022-5:2013 and does not require any extra network consideration beyond the bandwidth penalty
described here.
For video streams, OmniStream adjusts the bitrate used for video encoding automatically so that video bitrate + FEC
= congured bit rate.
FEC (OmniStream Pro Only)
Video bandwidth utilization has the most signicant impact on the network.
For OmniStream Pro units, the total bandwidth utilization for a video stream is the value congured for Bit Rate, on
the Encoding tab, of the encoder generating the stream.
For OmniStream R-Type, the total bandwidth utilization for a video stream is 900 Mbps.
Video
OmniStream Pro and R-Type PCM audio bandwidth utilization in Mbps can be calculated using this formula:
For two channel PCM formats, see the quick reference chart on the next page for bitrates.
Audio
Bitrate (Mbps) =
8 x (Sampling rate in Hz) x (Number of channels) x (4 bytes per sample)
1000000
AT-OMNI-XXX
10
Per Stream Bandwidth Utilization
For compressed formats, such as Dolby® Digital or DTS®, 3.07 Mbps should be used as a worst-case calculation.
OmniStream 232 Dante audio bandwidth utilization can be assumed to be 1.5 Mbps per channel.
Sampling rate (Hz) Channels Bitrate (Mbps)
32000 2 2.05
44100 2 2.82
48000 2 3.07
88200 2 5.64
96000 2 6.14
176400 2 11.29
192000 2 12.29
Atlona’s implementation of FEC is per SMPTE 2022-5:2013 and does not require any extra network consideration
beyond the bandwidth penalty described here.
Unlike video, audio FEC bandwidth utilization must be calculated if needed. Typically, as the bandwidth utilization of
audio is quite small compared to video, this is not necessary.
To calculate audio FEC bandwidth utilization, use the following formula.
As data trac is comparatively low bandwidth (typically < 100 kbps), it doesn’t signicantly impact the overall system
bandwidth utilization calculations.
FEC (OmniStream Pro Only)
Bandwidth utilization = Audio bitrate x
Rows + Columns
Rows x Columns
Data
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