4_Basics
1. BASICS
1.1 Notes
For the installation of the TRI-FLAT East-West mounting system only products
from the range of the TRI-FLAT South mounting system must be used. Using
third-party components can result in adverse effects on the system’s stability
and in major damages. The system may only be installed by trained and skil-
led personnel. We do not assume any liability for damages arising from the
use of third-party components or from incorrect installation.
These installation instructions describe the proper installation procedure for
the TRI-FLAT East-West flat roof system. In some situations, it is advisable, ho-
wever, to have a specialist (e.g. roofer or joiner) check the special featrues of
the roof.
1.2 Load effect
In addition to the dead weight of the photovoltaic system, mainly wind and
snow loads affect the system components and the substructure. For this rea-
son, each system must be calculated and planned for your individual require-
ments and external influences, taking into consideration DIN EN 1991*
(Actions on Structures).
The stresses by wind loads depend mainly on the wind zone (according to DIN
EN 1991-1-4*), the building’s height, the shape and slope of the roof and the
position of the roof’s centre. Weight stresses through snow load are depen-
dent on the snow zone (according to DIN EN 1991-1-3*), the building’s height,
the shape and slope of the roof and the position of the roof’s centre.
For each location the wind and snow load zone can be determined, which
will determine the design of the system.
1.3 Statics
On principle, the structural calculations of all roofs must be checked by autho-
rised experts. The main question to be answered is whether the roof can take
the additional stresses caused by the solar system.
Since the load bearing capacity of a roof and the load effect of a photovol-
taic system are determined by many factors, structural calculations must be
made for each roof individually.
*German standard: DIN EN 1991, DIN EN 1991-1-3, DIN EN 1991-1-4
Swiss standard: SIA 261
Austrian standard: ÖNORM EN 1991-1-3, B 1991-1-3
Eurocode 1 part 1-3 and part 1-4