Texas Instruments Titanium TI-89 Guía de inicio rápido

Finance Application for the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus 1

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Finance Application for the

TI-89 / TI-92 Plus

Important Information 2

Where to Find Installation Instructions 3

The Time-Value-of-Money (TVM) Solver 4

Editing Values in the TVM Solver 5

Calculating TVM Outside of the TVM Solver 6

Finance Functions 7

Calculating Cash Flows 8

Calculating Amortization 9

Calculating Interest Conversion 9

Finding Days between Dates 10

Defining Payment Method 10

Finance Examples 11

Example 1 — Financing a Car 11

Example 2 — Calculating Interest on a Fixed Payment 12

Example 3: — Amortization 13

Error Messages 15

Error Recovery Instructions 16

Miscellaneous 17

How to Contact Customer Support 18

Finance Application for the TI-89 àTI-92 Plus 2

Important Information

Texas Instruments makes no warranty, either expressed or implied, including but not limited

to any implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, regarding

any programs or book materials and makes such materials available solely on an “as-is” basis.

In no event shall Texas Instruments be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental, or

consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the purchase or use of these

materials, and the sole and exclusive liability of Texas Instruments, regardless of the form of

action, shall not exceed the purchase price of this product. Moreover, Texas Instruments shall

not be liable for any claim of any kind whatsoever against the use of these materials by any

other party.

TINGRAPH LINK and TI-Cares are trademarks of Texas Instruments Incorporated.

Finance Application for the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus 3

Where to Find Installation Instructions

For detailed instructions on installing this and other Flash applications, point your web

browser to:

http://www.ti.com/calc/docs/guides.htm

Installing this application requires TI-GRAPH LINKé. To download a free copy of

TI-GRAPH LINK for the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus, Point your web browser to:

http://www.ti.com/calc/docs/link.htm

Finance Application for the TI-89 àTI-92 Plus 4

The Time-Value-of-Money (TVM) Solver

Use Time-Value-of-Money (TVM) functions to analyze financial instruments such as annuities,

loans, mortgages, leases, and savings.

The TVM Solver screen automatically displays when you run the Finance application. It

displays the time-value-of-money (TVM) variables: Ú, æ, PV, PMT, FV. Given four variable

values, the TVM Solver solves for the fifth variable.

To access the variables outside the TVM editor, press 2°. They are located in the

Finance folder. Note: Exit the TVM Solver, and then press 2°to display the TVM

variables. Otherwise, the variable currently highlighted by the cursor in the TVM Solver will

not display in the VAR-LINK variable list.

Press Cand Dto move the cursor between variables. After entering a new value, press Dor

¸to save it. To solve for the unknown variable, press „Compute or ¥¸.

Note: The VAR-LINK Finance folder (where TVM variables are stored) is used by this

application and previously-stored data can be overwritten without notification. Avoid using

this folder for storing personal data.

TVM variables Default Definition Value Type

Number of payment periods real number

Annual interest rate (converted to a per-period

rate based on the values of PpY and CpY)

real number

PV 0 Present value real number

PMT 0 Payment amount real number

FV 0 Future value real number

PpY 1 Payments per year integer > 0

CpY 1 Compounding periods per year integer > 0

END

BEGIN END Set annuity due (i.e. specify whether payment is

at the end or beginning of each period)

N/A

When you store a value to PpY in the TVM Solver only, the value for CpY automatically changes

to the same value. To store a unique value to CpY, you must store the value to CpY after you

have stored a value to PpY. If you store a value to PpY outside the TVM Solver, the value for

CpY does not change.

Note: Enter cash inflows as positive numbers, and cash outflows as negative numbers.

To solve for an unknown TVM variable, follow these steps.

1. Press O¸to display the

TVM Solver.

Highlight Finance with cursor and

press ¸.

Default TVM values.

(ƒ8:Clear Editor)

Finance Application for the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus 5

2. Enter the known values for N, I%,

PV and FV. Press Dor ¸to

save each new value.

3. Enter a value for PpY, which

automatically enters the same

value for CpY; if PpY ƒCpY, enter a

unique value for CpY.

4. Select END or BEGIN to specify the

payment method by highlighting

the option with the cursor and

pressing ¸.

5. Place the cursor on the TVM

variable for which you want to

solve (i.e. PMT).

6. Press „Compute. The answer is

computed and displayed and stored

to the appropriate TVM variable. An

indicator calculator in the left

column designates the solution

variable.

Editing Values in the TVM Solver

The following calculator editing keys are available in the TVM Solver. For more detailed

explanation, see the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus Guidebook.

Cursors: C, D, A, and B

Deletion options: 0, ¥0, ƒ7:Delete

Insertion: 2/

Clear options: M, ƒ8:Clear Editor

The ƒToolbar

The ƒToolbar functions are exactly like the ƒToolbar on the TI-89 and TI-92 Plus on the

Home screen. You can Cut, Copy, and Paste information within the TVM Solver. All information

is placed on the calculator clipboard for use either within or outside the application. Paste

inserts the contents of the clipboard at the current cursor location (both within or outside the

application).

4: Cut is not the same as 7: Delete. When you delete information, it is not placed in the

clipboard and cannot be retrieved.

Finance Application for the TI-89 àTI-92 Plus 6

To clear all TVM variable values and reset all options to their defaults, select 8:Clear Editor.

To find out the application software version of the application, select A: About. Press Nor

¸to close the screen.

Calculating TVM Outside of the TVM Solver

All TVM and finance functions are listed in the ½for use outside of the TVM Solver. Each

TVM function takes zero up to six arguments.

Function calculations outside the TVM Solver do NOT save the results in memory. To save a

value to a TVM variable use the following syntax:

value §TVM_variable ¸

Access a TVM_variable from the VAR-LINK menu, Finance folder. TIFnance precedes a function

name and finance\ precedes a variable name when pasted outside the TVM Solver.

Note: The VAR-LINK Finance folder (where TVM variables are stored) is used by this

application and previously-stored data can be overwritten without notification. Avoid using

this folder for storing personal data.

If you enter less than six arguments, the calculator substitutes the currently stored TVM

variable value for each unspecified argument. If you enter any arguments with a TVM function,

you must place the argument or arguments in parentheses, separated by commas (b).

tvm_N

The tvm_N function calculates the number of payment periods.

tvm_N(I,PV,PMT,FV,PPY,CPY)

tvm_I

The tvm_I function calculates the interest rate per year.

tvm_I(N,PV,PMT,FV,PPY,CPY)

I% is now the

new rate.

Function calculations

do not save results in

memory.

Use §to save the

new result for iin

memory.

Finance Application for the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus 7

tvm_PV

The tvm_PV function calculates the present value.

tvm_PV(N,I,PMT,FV,PPY,CPY)

tvm_Pmt

The tvm_Pmt function calculates the amount of each payment.

tvm_Pmt(N,I,PV,FV,PPY,CPY)

tvm_FV

The tvm_FV function calculates the future value of money.

tvm_FV(N,I,PV,PMT,PPY,CPY)

Finance Functions

Catalog

This application adds all Finance functions to the catalog for use in calculations outside of the

TVM Solver. To access them, press ½, press …(Flash Apps), and press Cand Dto

scroll the list of Finance functions. Pressing ¸while the indicator points to the name

pastes it to the previous screen in the form of TIFinance.name.

To solve for a Finance function, include the appropriate arguments (See Argument Definition

Table) separated by band ending with d.

Finance Application for the TI-89 àTI-92 Plus 8

Sending the Application to Another Calculator with Var-Link

If you send the Finance application to another calculator, the other calculator receives the

application, including all finance functions as well as the TVM variables defined to their

default values (not as they might be currently defined). If you want to send stored variable

values, first send the application, then send the variables using 2°.

Note: After pressing 2°, the finance variables are listed in the Finance folder. To

access the function names, press ‰on the TI-92 Plus or 2‰on the TI-89.

Calculating Cash Flows

Use the cash flow functions, npv and irr, to analyze the value of money over equal time

periods. You can enter unequal cash flows, which can be cash inflows or outflows. The syntax

descriptions for npv( and irr( use these arguments.

Catalog Variables/ Arguments Definition

npv(InterestRate,CFO,CFList[CFFreq]) net present value; the sum of the present

values for the cash inflows and outflows.

A positive result for npv indicates a

profitable investment.

irr(CFO,CFList[,CFFreq]) internal rate of return; the interest rate at

which the net present value of the cash

flows is equal to zero.

¦ interest rate is the rate by which to discount the cash flows (the cost of money) over one

period.

¦ CF0 is the initial cash flow at time 0; it must be a real number.

¦ CFList is a list of cash flow amounts after the initial cash flow CF0.

¦ CFFreq is a list in which each element specifies the frequency of occurrence for a

grouped (consecutive) cash flow amount, which is the corresponding element of CFList.

The default is 1; if you enter values, they must be positive integers < 10,000.

For example, for the following cash flow function:

CF0 = 5000

CFList = {6000,L8000,2000,L3000}

CFFreq = {2,2,2,1}

5000 6000

6000 2000

M8,000

2000

M8,000 M3,000

Finance Application for the TI-89 / TI-92 Plus 9

Calculating Amortization

Use the amortization functions (bal, GPrn,GPrn) to calculate balance, sum of principal, and sum

of interest for an amortization schedule.

Catalog Variables/ Arguments Definition (for an amortization schedule)

bal(npmt[,roundvalue])Schedule balance; based on stored values

for I, PV, PMT, PpY, and CpY.

ΣInt(PMT1,PMT2[,roundvalue])The sum of the interest during a specified

period. Based on stored values for I, PV,

PMT, PpY, and CpY.

ΣPrn(PMT1,PMT2,[,roundvalue])Sum of the principle during a specified

period; based on stored values for I, PV,

PMT, PpY, and CpY.

¦ npmt is the number of the payment at which you want to calculate a balance. It must be a

positive integer < 10,000.

¦ roundvalue specifies the internal precision the calculator uses to calculate the balance. If

you do not specify roundvalue, then the calculator uses Float 2 decimal-mode setting.

¦ PMT1 is the starting payment. PMT2 is the ending payment in the range. PMT1 and PMT2

must be positive integers < 10,000.

¦ To display Gon the homescreen, press ¥and cat the same time, and then press ¤S.

Note: You must enter values for I, PV, and PMT before computing the principal.

Calculating Interest Conversion

Use the interest conversion functions to convert interest rates from an annual effective rate to

a nominal rate, 4Nom, or from a nominal rate to an annual effective rate, 4Eff.

Catalog Variables/ Arguments Definition

nom(effective_rate,compounding_periods)Computes the nominal interest rate.

eff(nominal_rate,compounding_periods)Computes the effective interest rate.

¦ effective rate must be a real number.

¦ nominal rate must be a real number.

¦ compounding periods must be a real number > 0.

Finance Application for the TI-89 àTI-92 Plus 10

Finding Days between Dates

Use the date function dbd( to calculate the number of days between two dates using the

actual-day-count method.

Catalog Variables/ Arguments Definition

dbd(date1,date2)Number of days between 2 dates.

¦ date1 and date2 can be numbers or lists of numbers within the range of the dates on the

standard calendar. If both date1 and date2 are lists, they must be the same length.

¦ date1 and date2 must be between the years 1950 through 2049.

You can enter date1 and date2 in either of two formats. The decimal placement differentiates

the date formats.

¦ MM.DDYY (United States)

¦ DDMM.YY (Europe)

Defining Payment Method

The Pmt_End and Pmt_Bgn functions specify a transaction as an ordinary annuity or an

annuity due. When you execute either command, the TVM Solver is updated. Neither function

requires any arguments.

Pmt_End ( )

Pmt_End (payment end) specifies an ordinary annuity, where payments occur at the end of

each payment period. Most loans are in this category. Pmt_End is the default.

On the TVM Solver’s PMT:END BEGIN line, select END to set PMT to ordinary annuity.

Pmt_Bgn ( )

Pmt_Bgn (payment beginning) specifies an annuity due, where payments occur at the

beginning of each payment period. Most leases are in this category.

On the TVM Solver’s PMT:END BEGIN line, select BEGIN to set PMT to annuity due.

pmt_at

pmt_at is a variable which specifies annuity due depending on what value has been stored to

it. If pmt_at=1, then annuity due=Begin. If pmt_at=0, then annuity due=End. This is located in

the 2°Finance folder.

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