Swift M2250 Series Manual de usuario

Swift M2250 Series

Microscope

User and Care Manual

SWIFT OPTICAL

Enduring Quality and Technical Excellence

Swift Series M2250 Microscope

The M2250 Series is ideal for elementary to high school classrooms. Built

to withstand student use, this series has locked-on eyepieces, objectives

and stage clips, and a “slip-clutch” focusing system to protect gears from

over-focusing. The M2250 Series is offered with several illumination

options: standard tungsten; extra-bright, cool fluorescent; and LED for

efficient, cool, white light that lasts up to 100 times longer than

traditional tungsten bulbs.

PICTURED M2251B

COMPONENTS OF THE MICROSCOPE

ARM – the vertical column (attached to the base) which supports the

stage and contains the coarse and fine adjusting knobs and focusing

mechanism.

BASE – the housing and platform of the instrument to which the arm is

attached. The base stands on rubber feet and contains the illuminator

assembly. The bulb replacement part number is printed on the underside

of the base.

COARSE FOCUS CONTROLS – this model is a stage focusing model

meaning the stage moves up or down by means of a brass rack and steel

pinion gear to bring the specimen into focus. The movement is achieved

by two large knobs on the sides of the arm. In order to prevent gear

damage, the focus control is equipped with a slip clutch that allows

slippage at both ends of the focusing range. The system is also furnished

with a tension control to prevent “stage drift”.

CONDENSER – the condenser is mounted in the stage and it is used in

conjunction with a substage disc diaphragm (M2251B) or an iris

diaphragm (M2251C, M2251CL). The function of the condenser is to

provide full illumination to the specimen plane and to enhance the

resolution and contrast of the object being viewed.

DISC DIAPHRAGM (M2251B) – the disc attached to the underside of the

stage. The disc has 5 apertures (openings) and is used to increase or

decrease the contrast of the specimen. Its purpose is to provide the

appropriate aperture for the objective being used and assists with

providing optimal contrast for viewing the specimen.

EYEPIECE – the upper optical element that further magnifies the primary

image of the specimen and brings the light rays in focus at the eyepoint.

FINE FOCUS CONTROLS – the fine focusing knobs, located on either side

of the microscope, in front of and slightly lower than the coarse focusing

knobs, are used for precise focusing adjustments once the specimen has

been brought into view with the coarse focus controls

HEAD – it is the top portion of the microscope that contains the

refracting prisms and the eyepiece tube. The eyepiece is locked onto the

eyepiece tube with a set screw. The head rotates allowing operation of

the microscope from the front or the back, whichever is more

convenient, or allows the microscope to be shared by simply rotating the

head.

IRIS DIAPHRAGM (M2251C, M2251CL) - a round multi-leaf device

mounted below the condenser which is controlled by a lever. It is similar

to a camera shutter and controls the amount of light entering the

condenser, allowing the user to control contrast.

NOSEPIECE – a revolving turret that holds the objective lenses,

permitting changes in magnification by rotating different powered

objective lenses into the optical path.

OBJECTIVES – the optical systems which magnify the primary image of

the instrument. Typical magnifications are 4X, 10X, and 40X.

STAGE – the platform on which the specimen slide is placed. The

standard version comes equipped with locked-on stage clips, and is

pre-drilled to accept an optional mechanical stage.

TERMINOLOGY

“COATED” LENS – in attempting to transmit light through glass, much of

the light is lost through reflection. Coating a lens increases the light

transmission by reducing or eliminating reflection, thus allowing more

light to pass through.

EYE POINT or EYE RELIEF – the distance from the eye lens of the

eyepiece to your eye where a full field of view is seen.

FIELD OF VIEW – the actual circular area seen through the eyepiece.

PARFOCAL – a term applied to objectives when very little fine focusing is

needed to bring the specimen into focus when changing objectives.

RESOLUTION or RESOLVING POWER – the ability of a lens to define the

details of the specimen at a maximum magnification. This is governed by

the N.A. (Numerical Aperture) of the lens. For example, a 40X objective

with N.A. 0.65 has a maximum resolving power of 650X, equal to 1000

times the N.A. This rule of N.A. x 1000 is true of all achromatic

objectives.

WORKING DISTANCE – the distance from the lens of the objective to the

cover slip on the slide, when the specimen is in focus.

USING YOUR MICROSCOPE

Once you have learned the terminology, the operation of the microscope

is simple. By following these easy steps, you will be able to begin

studying the specimen quickly and easily:

1. Place the slide on the stage and secure it under the stage clips. Be

sure the specimen is directly over the opening in the stage.

2. Rotate the disc diaphragm to align the largest aperture (opening) in

the disc with the opening in the stage.

3. Rotate the nosepiece to place the lowest power objective over the

specimen. Be sure the objective “clicks” into position.

4. While viewing through the eyepiece, rotate the coarse focusing knob

to bring the specimen into view. Next, sharpen the focus using the

fine focus knob.

5. If the image of the specimen appears weak or pale, the disc

diaphragm should be rotated to the next smaller aperture of the disc

diaphragm or the iris diaphragm should be closed slightly. This will

increase contrast in the specimen’s image.

6. Move the slide to place the specimen directly into the center of the

field of view.

7. Rotate the nosepiece to the highest power objective. A slight turn of

the fine focusing knob may be required to bring the image of the

specimen into sharp focus. Once the specimen is in focus with the

highest power objective, it will be in focus with each lower power

objective.

EYEPIECE OBJECTIVE MAGNIFICATION FIELD OF VIEW

W10X 4X,10X,40X 40X,100X,400X 4.10mm,1.65mm,

0.41 mm

(Model M2251C only)

The M2251C contains a rechargeable battery which allows the illuminator

to operate without the need to have the microscope plugged into an

electrical outlet. The rechargeable battery may need to be initially

charged before the microscope can be used cordlessly. Use the power

adapter that was included with the microscope to fully charge the

rechargeable battery which will take approximately 8 hours. Once the

batteries are fully charged, the microscope illuminator will operate for

approximately 40 hours without being connected to an electrical outlet.

The M2251C can also be used while the power adapter is connected. If

the power adapter is left connected to the microscope, the rechargeable

batteries will stop charging when they are fully charged and there is no

danger of over charging the batteries. The rechargeable batteries have a

life of approximately 500 power cycles.

PARTS AND ACCESSORIES

MA10071 4XD Objective

MA10072 10XD Objective

MA10073 40XRD Objective

MA10512 W10X Eyepiece

MA10513 W10X Eyepiece with pointer

MA12004 High-drive mechanical stage

MA14281 Power adapter for M2251C (4.5V, 1A)

MA14283 Cold Holder for M2251B or M2251CL (Pair)

MA2201 120V, 20W bulb for M2251B

MA2215 3.4V, .06W LED for M2251C, M2251CL

MA268 Stage Clips

MA336 Dustcover

CARE OF YOUR SWIFT SERIES M2250 MICROSCOPE

Swift M2250 microscopes are designed to function satisfactorily with

minimum maintenance. Certain components should be cleaned

frequently to ensure ease of viewing.

CLEANING – The front lens of the objectives (particularly the 40XRD)

should be cleaned after use. First brush with a soft, camel hair brush or

blow off with clean compressed air to remove dust particles. Then wipe

gently with a soft lens tissue, moistened with optical cleaner (eyeglass or

camera lens) or clean water and immediately dry with a clean lens

paper.

CAUTION - Objectives should never be disassembled by the user. If

repairs or internal cleaning should be necessary, this should only be done

by a qualified, authorized technician.

The eyepiece(s) may be cleaned in the same manner as the objectives,

except in most cases optical cleaner will not be required. In most

instances breathing on the eyepiece to moisten the lens and wiping dry

with a clean lens tissue is sufficient to clean the surface. Lenses should

never be wiped while dry as this will surely scratch or otherwise mar the

surface of the glass.

The finish of the microscope is hard epoxy and is resistant to acids and

reagents. Clean this surface with a damp cloth and mild detergent.

Periodically, the microscope should be disassembled, cleaned and

lubricated. This should only be done by a qualified, authorized

technician.

DUST COVER AND STORAGE – All microscopes should be protected from

dust by a dust cover when in storage or not in use. A dust cover is the

most cost-effective microscope insurance you can buy. Ensure that the

storage space is tall enough to allow the microscope to be placed into

the cabinet or onto a shelf without making undue contact with the

eyepieces. Never store microscopes in cabinets containing chemicals,

which may corrode your microscope. Also, be sure that the objectives

are placed in the lowest possible position and the rotating head is turned

inward and not protruding from the base. Microscopes with mechanical

stages should be adjusted toward the center of the stage to prevent the

moveable arms of the mechanical stage from being damaged during

storage in the cabinet.

BULB REPLACEMENT - To prolong the life of the bulb you should always

turn off the unit when not in use.

NOTE: Use a piece of lens paper instead of your bare hand when

touching new bulbs. The oil from your hand will contaminate the

bulb’s glass envelope and cause it to fail prematurely.

(M2251B) To replace a bulb, you must first unplug the microscope and

remove any slides on the stage. Carefully turn the microscope on its side,

unscrew and open the hinged cover. The cable tie must be cut and

removed in order to remove the bulb. Make sure the bulb is cool and

remove it by carefully unscrewing the tungsten bulb. Install the new bulb

into the socket. Close the hinged cover and tighten the screw to hold the

hinged cover closed.

(M2251C, M2251CL) To replace an LED, you must first unplug the

microscope, turn the power off and remove any slides on the stage. Use

the small allen wrench (.09mm) that was included with the microscope

to loosen the set screws that hold the black plastic illuminator housing

onto the base of the microscope. Remove the illuminator housing to

expose the LED. Simply pull the LED straight up to remove it from the

light socket. Align the 2 metal socket pins with the holes at the bottom

of the new LED and push the LED onto the socket. Re-install the

illuminator housing. (If the new LED does not work, try repeating the

above procedure. Remove the bulb and re-install it using the opposite

bulb socket pins to reverse the polarity.)

TENSION CONTROL OF FOCUSING MOVEMENT

The focus tension is easily adjusted by using the collar found on the

coarse focusing controls, between the knob and upright support. A

clockwise turn of this collar moves it toward the upright support and

increases tension, while a counter clockwise turn moves the collar

toward the knob and decreases tension.

COMMON PROBLEMS IN MICROSCOPY

A. PROBLEM – The illuminator light does not come on.

CORRECTION

1. Make sure the microscope is plugged into a functional electrical

socket.

2. Make sure the batteries are properly charged. Plug the power

adapter in and see if the microscope will turn on (M2251C).

3. The bulb may need to be replaced. See “Bulb Replacement on

page 7.

B. PROBLEM – Image appears “washed out” or weak.

CORRECTION

1. Rotate disc diaphragm to smaller aperture or slightly close the

iris diaphragm.

2. Objective lens is dirty. Clean as described under “Cleaning”.

3. Eyepiece is dirty. Clean as described under “Cleaning”.

C. PROBLEM – Dust or hairs seem to be moving in the image.

CORRECTION

Disc diaphragm is at too small an aperture. Rotate to larger aperture.

D. PROBLEM– Unable to bring specimen into focus.

CORRECTION

1. Eye lens of the eyepiece is partially unscrewed. Remove the

eyepiece and screw the two sections together.

2. The nosepiece may need to be rotated to “click” an objective into

the correct position.

3. The specimen may not be centered properly on the stage and

needs to be re-positioned to be in the optical path

E. PROBLEM – Image of the specimen goes out of the focus all by itself.

CORRECTION

Use the tension control collar to tighten the focusing mechanism

found on the coarse focus spindle.

F. PROBLEM – Focusing knobs turn with difficulty even with tension-

collar loosened.

CORRECTION

Microscope should be disassembled, cleaned and re-lubricated by a

qualified, authorized technician.

SWIFT OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS, INC. LIMITED LIFETIME WARRANTY

Please see our website, www.swiftoptical.com, for complete warranty

details and exclusions.

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