ST X-NUCLEO-CCA02M1 Manual de usuario

May 2017

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www.st.com

UM1900

User manual

Getting started with the digital MEMS microphone expansion

board based on MP34DT01-M for STM32 Nucleo

Introduction

The X-NUCLEO-CCA02M1 is an evaluation board based on digital MEMS microphones. It is compatible

with the Morpho connector layout and is designed around STMicroelectronics MP34DT01-M digital

microphones. It has two microphones soldered on board and it is compatible with digital microphone

coupon boards such as STEVAL-MKI129Vx and STEVAL-MKI155Vx. The X-NUCLEO-CCA02M1

allows synchronized acquisition and streaming of up to four microphones through peripherals I²S, SPI or

DFSDM. It represents a quick and easy solution for the development of microphone-based applications,

as well as a starting point for audio algorithm implementation.

Figure 1: X-NUCLEO-CCA02M1 evaluation board

Contents

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Contents

1Getting started.................................................................................5

1.1 Hardware requirements.....................................................................5

1.2 System requirements........................................................................5

2Hardware description......................................................................7

2.1 USB connector and power source.....................................................7

2.2 Audio acquisition strategy .................................................................8

2.2.1 DFSDM microphone acquisition......................................................... 8

2.2.2 I²S and SPI microphone acquisition ................................................... 8

2.3 Solder bridge configurations..............................................................9

2.3.1 Solder bridge roles ............................................................................. 9

2.3.2 Sample use cases ............................................................................ 10

3Nucleo 144 support.......................................................................14

4Connectors ....................................................................................15

5Board schematics..........................................................................16

6Layout ............................................................................................18

7Revision history ............................................................................19

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List of tables

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List of tables

Table 1: Solder bridge description..............................................................................................................9

Table 2: Solder bridge configuration for 1 or 2 microphone acquisition ...................................................10

Table 3: Solder bridge configuration for 4 microphone acquisition ..........................................................11

Table 4: Solder bridge configuration for 1 microphone acquisition ..........................................................11

Table 5: Solder bridge configuration for 2 microphone acquisition ..........................................................12

Table 6: Solder bridge configuration for 4 microphone acquisition ..........................................................13

Table 7: ST morpho connector table ........................................................................................................15

Table 8: Arduino connector table..............................................................................................................15

Table 9: Document revision history ..........................................................................................................19

List of figures

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List of figures

Figure 1: X-NUCLEO-CCA02M1 evaluation board ....................................................................................1

Figure 2: X-NUCLEO-CCA02M1 on STM32 Nucleo board........................................................................5

Figure 3: Connection with STEVAL-MKI155V1..........................................................................................7

Figure 4: General acquisition strategy using I²S and SPI...........................................................................9

Figure 5: Board schematic (Part 1)...........................................................................................................16

Figure 6: Board schematic (Part 2)...........................................................................................................16

Figure 7: Board schematic (Part 3)...........................................................................................................17

Figure 8: Board schematic (Part 4)...........................................................................................................17

Figure 9: Top layout..................................................................................................................................18

Figure 10: Bottom layout...........................................................................................................................18

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Getting started

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1 Getting started

This section describes the hardware requirements for the X-NUCLEO-CCA02M1

evaluation board.

1.1 Hardware requirements

The X-NUCLEO-CCA02M1 is an expansion board for use with STM32 Nucleo boards

(refer to UM1724 on www.st.com for further information).

The STM32 Nucleo board must be connected to the X-NUCLEO-CCA02M1 board, as

shown below.

Figure 2: X-NUCLEO-CCA02M1 on STM32 Nucleo board

The connection between the STM32 Nucleo and the X-NUCLEO-CCA02M1 is designed for

use with any STM32 Nucleo board. When mounting the X-NUCLEO-CCA02M1 on the

STM32 Nucleo, ensure that all the pins are aligned with their corresponding connector. It is

very important to handle both boards carefully during this operation to avoid damaging or

bending the male/female pins and connectors.

ESD prevention measures must also be implemented to avoid damaging any X-NUCLEO-

CCA02M1 board components.

1.2 System requirements

Using the Nucleo boards with the X-NUCLEO-CCA02M1 expansion board requires the

following software and hardware:

a Windows® (XP, Vista, 7, 8) PC for the software

Getting started

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a USB type A to Mini-B USB cable to connect the Nucleo to the PC for installation of

the board firmware package (order code: X-CUBE-MEMSMIC1); a utility running on

the user's PC will complete the demo.

The user PC must have the following characteristics:

at least 128 MB of RAM

40 MB of available hard disk space for the X-CUBE-MEMSMIC1 firmware package

and relative documentation, available on www.st.com.

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Hardware description

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2 Hardware description

The board allows the user to test the function of the STMicroelectronics MEMS

microphones. For this purpose, two MP34DT01-M digital MEMS microphone are mounted

on the board and 6 headers (4 mounted with 2 additional footprints) are available for

connecting additional microphones using digital microphone coupon boards (STEVAL-

MKI129Vx or STEVAL-MKI155Vx), for further information refer to www.st.com.

The connection between the X-NUCLEO-CCA02M1 and the STEVAL-MKI155V1 is shown

in Figure 3: "Connection with STEVAL-MKI155V1".

The board interfaces with the STM32 Nucleo microcontrollers via the I²S, SPI or DFSDM

peripherals for the synchronized acquisition of up to 4 microphones. The board also

provides USB streaming using the STM32 Nucleo microcontroller USB peripheral; for this

purpose, a USB connector is available as well as the footprint to mount a dedicated

oscillator that can be used to feed the host MCU through the OSC_IN pin.

Solder bridges are used in order to choose from different options, depending on the

number of microphones and the MCU peripherals involved.

Figure 3: Connection with STEVAL-MKI155V1

2.1 USB connector and power source

A USB connector available on the board supports audio streaming to the host PC. It can

also be used to power the whole system , including the STM32 Nucleo board. To enable

system power sourcing from the X-NUCLEO-CCA02M1 expansion board USB connector:

close Jumper J1 on the X-NUCLEO-CCA02M1 expansion board

place JP5 in position E5 on the STM32 Nucleo board

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2.2 Audio acquisition strategy

A digital MEMS microphone can be acquired via different peripherals, such as SPI, I²S,

GPIO or DFSDM. It requires an input clock and it outputs a PDM stream at the same

frequency of the input clock. This PDM stream is further filtered and decimated for

conversion into PCM standard for audio transmission.

Two different digital MEMS microphones can be connected on the same data line,

configuring the first to generate valid data on the rising edge of the clock and the other on

the falling edge, by setting the L/R pin of each microphone accordingly. On the X-

NUCLEO-CCA02M1 expansion board, two microphones share the same data line and can

be managed differently, depending on the MCU capabilities.

If a digital filter for sigma delta modulators (DFSDM) peripheral is available, the

microphones can be routed to DFSDM channels, otherwise use the I²S peripheral for the

first and the second microphone and the SPI peripheral for the third and the fourth.

2.2.1 DFSDM microphone acquisition

The DFSDM peripheral generates the precise clock needed by the microphones and reads

the data on the rising and falling edges of each PDM line. Acquired signals are then input

to DSFDM filters for hardware filtering and decimation to generate standard PCM streams.

An additional software high pass filtering stage removes any DC offset in the output

stream. DMA is used to reduce MCU load.

2.2.2 I²S and SPI microphone acquisition

In this scenario, a precise clock signal is generated by the I²S peripheral while the SPI is

configured in slave mode and is fed by the same timing signal generated by I²S. This clock

is then halved by a timer and input to the microphones. The SPI and I²S peripherals

operate at twice the microphone frequency to read the data on both the rising and falling

edges of the microphone clock, thus reading the bits of two microphones each.

A software demuxing step separates the signal from the two microphones and allows

further processing like PDM-to-PCM

conversion.

For further information regarding MEMS microphone and PDM-to-PCM decimation, please refer to application

note AN3998 on www.st.com.

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Figure 4: General acquisition strategy using I²S and SPI

For single microphone acquisition, the correct microphone timer is generated directly by I²S

and one single microphone data line is read by the same peripheral.

2.3 Solder bridge configurations

Various board configurations are possible, depending on the use cases. MEMS

microphones can be plugged into ST morpho pins, and thus to MCU peripherals, with

appropriate solder bridges. Clock routing can also be changed according to specific needs.

2.3.1 Solder bridge roles

The table below lists the solder bridge functions with respect to audio acquisition strategies.

Table 1: Solder bridge description

Function

Solder Bridge

Connects USB DM pin from connector to MCU

SB1

Connects USB DP pin from connector to MCU

SB2

Routes onboard oscillator output to OSC_IN MCU pin

SB6

Connect MEMS clock to MCU timer output channel

SB7

Routes I²S clock to SPI clock

SB8

Merges onboard microphone PDMs in order to be acquired with 1 interface

SB9

Connects MIC34 PDM to MCU SPI

SB10

Connects MIC12 PDM to MCU I2S

SB11

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Function

Solder Bridge

Clock from the DFSDM peripheral

SB12

I2S clock from MCU

SB13

Connects I²S clock directly to MIC clock without passing through timer

SB14

Connect I²S clock to MCU timer input channel

SB15

Connects MIC12 PDM to MCU DFSDM

SB16

Connects MIC34 PDM to MCU DFSDM

SB17

2.3.2 Sample use cases

In this section, we analyze specific use cases together with the corresponding solder bridge

configurations. Custom setups are also possible for ad-hoc functionalities.

SB1, SB2, SB6 are reserved for the USB or Oscillator pins and are not part of the

audio acquisition process.

These configurations depend on the acquisition peripherals involved.

2.3.2.1 Jumper settings for DFSDM-based systems

1 or 2 microphone acquisition

The clock is generated by DFSDM peripheral and the PDM line of the first and second

microphone is routed to the MCU.

Table 2: Solder bridge configuration for 1 or 2 microphone acquisition

Status

SB7

Open

SB8

Open

SB9

Open/Close

SB10

Open

SB11

Open

SB12

SB13

Open

SB14

Open

SB15

Open

SB16

SB17

Open

SB18

Open

SB19

Open

SB20

Open

SB21

Open

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