Skywatch SKY497 Manual
Traffic Advisory System
Model SKY497
Pilot’s Guide
for the
SKY497 Pilot’s Guide
A
Export Notice
This data is provided at no charge, or at cost, to the public
and is considered publicly available, NoLicense Required
(NLR) as defined in the Export Administration Regulations
(EAR) Part 734.7-11.
Important Notice
This guide provides general information about the operation of
the SKY497. This guide does not cover all possible interconnec-
tions with all possible types and numbers of alternate displays
and customer-supplied switches. Refer to your aircraft flight
manual and flight manual supplement for information specific
to your aircraft. If there is conflicting information between those
manuals and this pilot’s guide, your aircraft flight manual and
flight manual supplement take precedence over this pilot’s guide.
Traffic Advisory System
Pilot’s Guide
for the
Model SKY497
© Copyright 1997, 2000, 2003, 2004
L-3 Communications Avionics Systems, Inc.
SKYWATCH
®
, EYES THAT NEVER BLINK
™
, Stormscope
®
, and i-linc
™
are trademarks of
L-3 Communications Avionics Systems, Inc.; Skydrol
®
is a registered trademark of Solutia, Inc.
The white
L3
in a circle design logo is a trademark of
L-3 C
ommunications
C
orporation.
Designed and manufactured in the United States of America by
Methods and apparatus disclosed and described herein have been developed solely on company funds of L-3
Communications Avionics Systems, Inc. No government or other contractual support or relationship what-
soever has existed which in any way affects or mitigates proprietary rights of L-3 Communications Avionics
Systems, Inc. in these developments. Methods and apparatus disclosed herein may be subject to U.S. Patents
existing or applied for. L-3 Communications Avionics Systems, Inc. reserves the right to add, improve, modify,
or withdraw functions, design modifications, or products at any time without notice.
L-3 Communications Avionics Systems, Inc.
5353 52nd Street, S.E.
Grand Rapids, MI 49512 USA
(800)253-9525 or (616)949-6600
Fax (616)285-4224
www.L-3com.com/as
ii SKY497 Pilot’s Guide
Eyes That Never Blink™
Early Traffic Alert/Advisory Systems
In the early days of flight, pilots were equipped with all they
needed for effective collision avoidance–a sharp pair of eyes.
But increasing traffic at higher speeds led to the development
of TCAS I and II (Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance Systems)
which were too expensive for most regional airlines, business
aircraft, and general aviation aircraft.
SKYWATCH®
L-3 Avionics Systems recognized the need for an alternative to
expensive TCAS systems and developed the SKYWATCH model
SKY497 Traffic Advisory System (TAS).
The SKY497 provides most of the capabilities of TCAS I, but at
a significantly lower cost making it practical for small aircraft.
In addition, the SKY497 can share the display that comes with
the Stormscope®model WX-1000 so there’s no need to buy
another display if you already own a WX-1000 display (part
number 78-8060-5900-8). The SKY497 can also display its traffic
information on a growing number of multi-function displays
from companies such as Avidyne, UPSAT, L-3 (i-linc™MFD),
Garmin, and Collins. You can even display SKYWATCH traffic
information on a compatible weather radar indicator via the L-3
Avionics Systems Radar Graphics Computer.
Proven Experience
L-3 Avionics Systems has been involved in the development of
collision warning programs since the early 1980’s. In 1985, L-3
Avionics Systems began development of an enhanced collision
warning system for the Navy’s T-34C training aircraft.
Based largely on the success of the Navy project, L-3 Avionics
Systems was selected to validate the specifications for TCAS I.
As a result, L-3 Avionics Systems’ original TCAS I unit, the
TCAS791 was the first TCAS I to be granted a Technical Stan-
dard Order (TSO), first to receive a full, unrestricted Supple-
mental Type Certificate (STC), first to fly, and first to be delivered.
Safety Summary
These warnings and cautions appear later in this guide and are
repeated here for emphasis:
To avoid power surges that could damage the SKY497 and the
optional WX-1000, start your engines before turning on the SKY497.
If the SKY497 is in SKYWATCH mode, the display will not automati-
cally switch into Stormscope mode to display thunderstorms or
Stormscope errors. Use the remote SKYWATCH/Stormscope mode
switch to periodically check for thunderstorms or Stormscope errors.
The SKY497 relies on information obtained from transponders in
nearby aircraft. The SKY497 does not detect or track aircraft which
are not equipped with an operating Air Traffic Control Radar
Beacon System (ATCRBS) transponder.
The SKY497 does not track intruder aircraft approaching at a
closure rate greater than 900 knots.
Some traffic within the chosen display range may not be displayed
due to traffic prioritizing, antenna shielding, ground intruder
filtering, or surveillance range being shorter than the chosen
display range.
Optimum SKY497 performance is realized when intruder aircraft
are reporting their altitude (via a mode Cor other altitude
reporting transponder).
Do not attempt evasive maneuvers based solely on traffic informa-
tion on the display. Information on the display is provided to the
flight crew as an aid in visually acquiring traffic; it is not a
replacement for Air Traffic Control (ATC) and See &Avoid
techniques.
CAUTION
page 3-5
page 3-6
page 3-6
page 3-6
page 3-7
CAUTION
page 3-1
page 3-6
WARNING
WARNING
WARNING
WARNING
WARNING
SKY497 Pilot’s Guide iii
Revision Highlights
This revision Eof the pilot’s guide makes the following
changes:
• Adds the Export Notice to this page.
• Corrects the weight of WX-1000 Display in table 6-2.
Revision Dof the pilot’s guide made the following changes:
• Changes occurences of “Goodrich Avionics Systems” to
“L-3 Communications Avionics Systems, Inc.” or just “L-3
Avionics Systems” and makes related company contact
information changes. (On March 28, 2003, Goodrich
Corporation sold its Avionics Systems division to L-3
Communications Corporation.)
iv SKY497 Pilot’s Guide
SKY497 Pilot’s Guide v
Table of Contents
Section Page
List of Illustrations ...................................... vii
List of Tables ............................................. viii
Abbreviations & Acronyms.............................ix
Chapter 1, System Description.................... 1-1
General Description ................................................................... 1-1
Transmitter Receiver Computer (TRC) ....................................... 1-2
Directional Antenna .................................................................. 1-2
Displays .................................................................................... 1-2
WX-1000/SKY497 Display .................................................. 1-2
Alternate Displays ................................................................ 1-3
Interaction of Major Components .............................................. 1-4
Functional Description .............................................................. 1-6
Features ..................................................................................... 1-8
Chapter 2, Controls & Indicators ................. 2-1
Introduction .............................................................................. 2-1
Controls, Indicators, & Symbols ................................................. 2-1
Controls Required for the Stormscope Option ............................... 2-6
Control Panel for an Alternate Display (not supplied) .................. 2-7
Aural Announcements ............................................................... 2-7
Chapter 3, Operating Instructions ................ 3-1
Introduction .............................................................................. 3-1
Turn On the SKY497 ................................................................. 3-1
Run the Operator-Initiated Self Test............................................ 3-3
Switch Between Standby & Operating Mode ............................... 3-3
Change the Display Range ......................................................... 3-4
Change the Vertical Display Mode .............................................. 3-5
Switch Between SKYWATCH & Stormscope ................................. 3-5
Observe the Display ................................................................... 3-6
Respond to Traffic Advisories ...................................................... 3-7
Turn Off the SKY497 and the Optional WX-1000 ...................... 3-7
Operate the WX-1000 Without the SKY497 ............................... 3-7
Operate the SKY497 Without the WX-1000 ............................... 3-7
Failure Response ........................................................................ 3-7
vi SKY497 Pilot’s Guide
Section Page
Table of Contents (continued)
Chapter 4, Principles of Operation ............... 4-1
Introduction .............................................................................. 4-1
Sensitivity Levels ........................................................................ 4-2
Sensitivity Level A ................................................................. 4-2
Sensitivity Level B ................................................................. 4-2
Audio Inhibit, SKY497 .............................................................. 4-4
Audio Inhibit, GPWS, EGPWS, or TAWS .................................. 4-5
TA Symbol Duration ................................................................. 4-5
Ground Intruder Filtering .......................................................... 4-5
Chapter 5, Display Interpretation ................. 5-1
Introduction .............................................................................. 5-1
Chapter 6, Specifications ........................... 6-1
SKY497 Pilot’s Guide vii
List of Illustrations
Figure Title Page
1-1 SKY497 Major Components ............................................................. 1-1
1-2 Display with a Typical SKYWATCH Screen ....................................... 1-2
1-3 Display with a Typical Stormscope Screen (Optional) ............................ 1-2
1-4 Typical Traffic Screen on an Alternate Display..................................... 1-3
1-5 System Block Diagram ...................................................................... 1-5
1-6 Vertical Display Modes and Traffic Zones ........................................... 1-7
2-1 Controls & Screen Elements in Standby ............................................. 2-1
2-2 Controls & Screen Elements in Operating Mode ................................ 2-2
3-1 Startup Screen ................................................................................... 3-1
3-2 Standby Screen ................................................................................. 3-2
3-3 In-Flight Traffic Screen ...................................................................... 3-2
3-4 Failed Screen ..................................................................................... 3-2
3-5 Test Screen ........................................................................................ 3-3
3-6 Traffic Screen on the Ground ............................................................. 3-4
3-7 Display Ranges ................................................................................. 3-4
4-1 TA Zones If Your Aircraft Has a Radio Altimeter ................................. 4-3
4-2 TA Zones If Your Aircraft Has No Radio Altimeter, But Does Have a
Retractable Landing Gear .................................................................. 4-3
4-3 TA Zones If Your Aircraft Has No Radio Altimeter and a Fixed
Landing Gear .................................................................................... 4-4
5-1 TA & OT on 6 nmi Range, ABV Mode .............................................. 5-1
5-2 Other Traffic on 6 nmi Range, BLW Mode ......................................... 5-2
5-3 TA & OT on 2 nmi Range, BLW Mode ............................................. 5-2
5-4 Off-Scale TA on 2 nmi Range, NRM Mode ....................................... 5-2
5-5 Standby Screen ................................................................................. 5-3
5-6 Failed Screen ..................................................................................... 5-3
4-1 Ten Situations in Which a TA Will Occur ........................................... 4-1
6-1 TRC497 Specifications...................................................................... 6-1
6-2 WX-1000/SKY497 Display Specifications .......................................... 6-3
6-3 Directional Antenna Specifications..................................................... 6-4
Table Title Page
List of Tables
viii SKY497 Pilot’s Guide
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