PCB Piezotronics W138A01/-0021 Manual de usuario

Model W138A01/-0021

ICP® Pressure Sensor

Installation and Operating Manual

For assistance with the operation of this product,

contact PCB Piezotronics, Inc.

Toll-free: 800-828-8840

24-hour SensorLine: 716-684-0001

Fax: 716-684-0987

E-mail: [email protected]

Web: www.pcb.com

The information contained in this document supersedes all similar information that

may be found elsewhere in this manual.

Total Customer Satisfaction –PCB

Piezotronics guarantees Total Customer

Satisfaction. If, at any time, for any

reason, you are not completely satisfied

with any PCB product, PCB will repair,

replace, or exchange it at no charge.

You may also choose to have your

purchase price refunded in lieu of the

repair, replacement, or exchange of the

product.

Service –Due to the sophisticated

nature of the sensors and associated

instrumentation provided by PCB

Piezotronics, user servicing or repair is

not recommended and, if attempted,

may void the factory warranty. Routine

maintenance, such as the cleaning of

electrical connectors, housings, and

mounting surfaces with solutions and

techniques that will not harm the

physical material of construction, is

acceptable. Caution should be observed

to insure that liquids are not permitted to

migrate into devices that are not

hermetically sealed. Such devices

should only be wiped with a dampened

cloth and never submerged or have

liquids poured upon them.

Repair –In the event that equipment

becomes damaged or ceases to

operate, arrangements should be made

to return the equipment to PCB

Piezotronics for repair. User servicing or

repair is not recommended and, if

attempted, may void the factory

warranty.

Calibration –Routine calibration of

sensors and associated instrumentation

is recommended as this helps build

confidence in measurement accuracy

and acquired data. Equipment

calibration cycles are typically

established by the users own quality

regimen. When in doubt about a

calibration cycle, a good “rule of thumb”

is to recalibrate on an annual basis. It is

also good practice to recalibrate after

exposure to any severe temperature

extreme, shock, load, or other

environmental influence, or prior to any

critical test.

PCB Piezotronics maintains an ISO-

9001 certified metrology laboratory and

offers calibration services, which are

accredited by A2LA to ISO/IEC 17025,

with full traceability to SI through

N.I.S.T. In addition to the normally

supplied calibration, special testing is

also available, such as: sensitivity at

elevated or cryogenic temperatures,

phase response, extended high or low

frequency response, extended range,

leak testing, hydrostatic pressure

testing, and others. For information on

standard recalibration services or

special testing, contact your local PCB

Piezotronics distributor, sales

representative, or factory customer

service representative.

Returning Equipment –Following

these procedures will insure that your

returned materials are handled in the

most expedient manner. Before

Warranty, Service, Repair, and

Return Policies and Instructions

returning any equipment to PCB

Piezotronics, contact your local

distributor, sales representative, or

factory customer service representative

to obtain a Return Warranty, Service,

Repair, and Return Policies and

Instructions Materials Authorization

(RMA) Number. This RMA number

should be clearly marked on the outside

of all package(s) and on the packing

list(s) accompanying the shipment. A

detailed account of the nature of the

problem(s) being experienced with the

equipment should also be included

inside the package(s) containing any

returned materials.

A Purchase Order, included with the

returned materials, will expedite the

turn-around of serviced equipment. It is

recommended to include authorization

on the Purchase Order for PCB to

proceed with any repairs, as long as

they do not exceed 50% of the

replacement cost of the returned

item(s). PCB will provide a price

quotation or replacement

recommendation for any item whose

repair costs would exceed 50% of

replacement cost, or any item that is not

economically feasible to repair. For

routine calibration services, the

Purchase Order should include

authorization to proceed and return at

current pricing, which can be obtained

from a factory customer service

representative.

Warranty –All equipment and repair

services provided by PCB Piezotronics,

Inc. are covered by a limited warranty

against defective material and

workmanship for a period of one year

from date of original purchase. Contact

PCB for a complete statement of our

warranty. Expendable items, such as

batteries and mounting hardware, are

not covered by warranty. Mechanical

damage to equipment due to improper

use is not covered by warranty.

Electronic circuitry failure caused by the

introduction of unregulated or improper

excitation power or electrostatic

discharge is not covered by warranty.

Contact Information –International

customers should direct all inquiries to

their local distributor or sales office. A

complete list of distributors and offices

can be found at www.pcb.com.

Customers within the United States may

contact their local sales representative

or a factory customer service

representative. A complete list of sales

representatives can be found at

www.pcb.com. Toll-free telephone

numbers for a factory customer service

representative, in the division

responsible for this product, can be

found on the title page at the front of this

manual. Our ship to address and

general contact numbers are:

PCB Piezotronics, Inc.

3425 Walden Ave.

Depew, NY14043 USA

Toll-free: (800) 828-8840

24-hour SensorLineSM: (716) 684-0001

Website: www.pcb.com

E-mail: [email protected]

PCB工业监视和测量设备 - 中国RoHS2公布表

PCB Industrial Monitoring and Measuring Equipment - China RoHS 2 Disclosure Table

部件名称

有害物质

铅(Pb)

汞

(Hg)

镉

(Cd)

六价铬(Cr(VI))

多溴联苯 (PBB)

多溴二苯醚(PBDE)

住房

PCB板

电气连接器

压电晶体

环氧

铁氟龙

电子

厚膜基板

电线

电缆

塑料

焊接

铜合金/黄铜

本表格依据 SJ/T 11364 的规定编制。

O：表示该有害物质在该部件所有均质材料中的含量均在 GB/T 26572 规定的限量要求以下。

X：表示该有害物质至少在该部件的某一均质材料中的含量超出 GB/T 26572 规定的限量要求。

铅是欧洲RoHS指令2011/65/ EU附件三和附件四目前由于允许的豁免。

CHINA RoHS COMPLIANCE

DOCUMENT NUMBER: 21354

DOCUMENT REVISION: C

ECN: 45605

Component Name

Hazardous Substances

Lead

(Pb)

Mercury

(Hg)

Cadmium

(Cd)

Chromium VI

Compounds

(Cr(VI))

Polybrominated

Biphenyls

(PBB)

Polybrominated

Diphenyl

Ethers (PBDE)

Housing

PCB Board

Electrical

Connectors

Piezoelectric

Crystals

Epoxy

Teflon

Electronics

Thick Film

Substrate

Wires

Cables

Plastic

Solder

Copper Alloy/Brass

This table is prepared in accordance with the provisions of SJ/T 11364.

O: Indicates that said hazardous substance contained in all of the homogeneous materials for this part is below the limit

requirement of GB/T 26572.

X: Indicates that said hazardous substance contained in at least one of the homogeneous materials for this part is above

the limit requirement of GB/T 26572.

Lead is present due to allowed exemption in Annex III or Annex IV of the European RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU.

Drawing Number: 21102

Revision: NR

OPERATION MANUAL FOR

Series 138

Series 138 Standard Length, with Lead Wire Hole for Attaching Weights

Series 138 Short Length, One-Piece Molded Closed-End Tube

1.0 INTRODUCTION

PCB Series 138 are voltage mode tourmaline sensors

designed for operation underwater or in liquids

compatible with tygon and nylon. (See specification

sheet in the back of the manual for range and

sensitivity).

Series 138 feature built-in ICP®amplifiers which

convert the high-impedance voltage from the crystals

into a low-impedance output voltage of less than 100

ohms. Power to operate the IC amplifier and the

output signal are conducted over a single conductor

coaxial cable with a shield serving as signal return.

Special low-noise cables are not required.

Series 138 are used by the military for underwater

explosive testing, commercial use in gasoline tanks

and transformer shock wave applications. The

sensors are ideal for monitoring dynamic pressures

because they exhibit near non-resonant response.

The charge generated by deflection of the

piezoelectric element when subjected to shock waves

creates a voltage on the input capacitance at the gate

of the amplifier. The amplifier, in conjunction with

the source element, transforms this input into a low-

impedance signal of equal amplitude. The DC bias

that exists on the signal lead is blocked from the

output by a coupling capacitor in the PCB signal

conditioners.

Drawing Number: 21102

Revision: NR

OPERATION MANUAL FOR

Series 138

Some models of the Series 138 feature a tygon tube

closed at one end with conical-shaped delrin plug.

The plug features a small hole for attachment of a

weight. Other models feature a one-piece molded

closed tube.

2.0 INSTALLATION, CABLE

ATTACHMENT, AND SEALING

THE CABLE/CONNECTOR

ASSEMBLY

Various methods are used to mount the 138 sensors

for use in liquids. Care should be taken to prevent

conductive liquids from entering the cable or

connector assemblies, where they could cause

corrosion, short circuiting or degradation of

insulation resistance.

For low-pressure (<500psi) dynamic measurements, a

standard low-noise coaxial cable with an extruded

teflon jacket and a 10-32 connector can be used.

Heat shrink tubing, RTV silicon rubber or sometimes

silicone grease can make an adequate seal in an

environment with low static pressure.

For high static pressures due to deep submersion or

use in a pressure vessel, alternate methods of sealing

the cable/connector may be required. A method of

waterproofing the cable/connector assembly of a 138

which also provides protection to the cable is to put a

flexible tube (plastic, tygon, etc.) around the cable

and cable/connector assembly. Tie the tube at the

metal housing with monofilament or fine steel wire.

The opposite end of the tube must be above the level

of the liquid or sealed around the cable to prevent

liquid from entering the protective tubing. Filling the

protective tube with a non-conducting liquid such as

Dow Coming silicone oil can be done to prevent the

tube from collapsing. This will also equalize pressure

inside and outside the tubing, helping to prevent a

conductive liquid (such as water) from entering.

In some blast applications, when using a standard 10-

32 micro cable/connector, the high shock can flex the

cable/connector joint enough to move the center pin

of the 10-32 cable connector. This can cause noise

on the output signal. Protecting the connection from

shock may be required.

PCB Model 070A03 adaptor can be used to adapt the

10-32 micro jack on the 138 to a BNC jack. A

heavier coaxial cable (eg. RG-58/U) can now be used

in place of the micro cable. Because of the large

mass of the 070A03 compared to the 10-32 jack, this

connection should be sealed and protected from

shock and turbulence. Putting a two to three inch

diameter of duct seal, wrapped with a waterproof

tape, will seal the connection and provide shock

protection at the cable/connector/ amplifier assembly.

PCB Model 070A09 Solder Connector Adaptor can

also be used to attach a short length (~two to three

inches) of ribbon cable to a 138. The ribbon cable

can then be soldered to an extension cable. The

ribbon cable and both solder connections should be

sealed with a suitable waterproofing material.

Various types of sealing materials such as

polyethylene and flexane have been shown to be

effective for sealing cables, connectors, etc.

2.1 MOUNTING OR SUSPENDING

THE SENSOR

After the cable/connector assembly is sealed, the

sensor can be suspended in the liquid where the

measurement is to take place. For low dynamic

pressure measurements (less than 500 psi), models

featuring a small hole in the conical end piece of the

tube allow attachment of a light weight (~two lb.) to

suspend the sensor in a vertical position.

The line should be of light material (monofilament,

15 lb. test) to enable it to break easily. This way, the

sensor does not pull apart in the turbulence caused by

the collapse of gas bubbles resulting from a shock

wave.

For higher pressure dynamic measurements, alternate

methods of suspending the sensor should be used to

minimize damage from turbulence. Taping or

attaching (with cable ties) the sensor amplifier

housing to a braided steel wire is a method that is

suited for use in higher dynamic pressure

measurements.

Drawing Number: 21102

Revision: NR

OPERATION MANUAL FOR

Series 138

The steel wire can have a weight attached to it to

submerge the entire assembly. Tape or attach the

coaxial cable loosely to the steel wire at ~one foot

intervals. Attach a monofilament line (~50 lb. test) to

the end of a steel wire braid, and let it hang down past

the end of the sensor.

Attach a three to five lb. weight to the end of the

monofilament and tape the sensor to the

monofilament.

Another method of mounting the sensor is to tape the

sensor to the surface of a structure. (The pressure

measured when mounted to the surface of a structure

will be twice the free field pressure since the pressure

wave reflected off the surface adds to the pressure

wave initially striking the sensor.)

For applications in which the 138 is immersed only a

few feet into a liquid, and the blast may be in very

close proximity to the sensor, a steel pipe can be

placed around the cable and sensor so that only the

tourmaline sensing element is exposed to the blast.

Since the static pressure is not high, a standard micro

cable with 10-32 coax connector can be used with

heat shrink tubing to seal the cable/connector.

3.0 OPERATION

It is necessary only to supply the sensor with a 2 to 20

mA constant current at +20 to +30 VDC through a

current-regulating diode or equivalent circuit. See

Guide G-0001B for powering and signal utilization

information pertaining to all ICP®instrumentation.

Most PCB signal conditioners have an adjustable

current feature allowing a choice of input currents

from 2 to 20 mA.

In general, for best resolution, choose the lower

current ranges, and for driving long cables (to several

thousand feet) use the higher current, up to 20 mA

maximum. Line-impedance matching may be

necessary to produce flat-frequency response over

long (hundreds or thousands of feet) cables.

Switch power on and observe reading of bias

monitoring voltmeter on front panel of the signal

conditioner.

If indicator is in green section of indicator panel, the

IC amplifier is producing proper bias (+8 to 14

VDC), cable connections are normal and the system

is ready to operate.

If the needle moves to the red area of the fault

monitor meter, output is zero and a short is indicated.

Short could be located in amplifier, cable connectors,

or power unit.

If the pointer moves into the yellow area of the fault

monitor meter, an open circuit is indicated with full

power supply voltage. An open circuit could be the

result of a faulty amplifier, an open cable or open

connectors.

Allow the sensor to stabilize for about one minute. A

signal drift may occur when cable is connected to the

readout instrument.

This drift occurs during charging of the coupling

capacitor in the power unit. The signal will stabilize

in several minutes.

4.0 CALIBRATION

Series 138 are calibrated dynamically using a drop

weight tester. For best accuracy, use the calibration

certificate supplied. Factory recalibration is available

for a nominal charge.

5.0 POLARITY

This sensor series produces a positive-going output

voltage for increasing pressure input. See the

specification sheet for polarity of the sensor.

6.0 LOW-FREQUENCY RESPONSE

The low-frequency response of an ICP®system is

determined by:

l.) The discharge time constant of the sensors.

2.) If AC-coupled at the power unit, the

coupling time constant.

Consult Section 7 in General Guide G-0001B for a

detailed explanation of low-frequency characteristics

of ICP®instruments.

Drawing Number: 21102

Revision: NR

OPERATION MANUAL FOR

Series 138

7.0 MAINTENANCE

Observe the following precautions when using the

sensor:

l.) Keep connections clean and dry.

2.) Do not exceed specified maximum range.

3.) Do not subject sensor to temperatures

exceeding 100 °F.

4.) Do not apply voltage to sensor without

current-limiting diodes or other current protection.

5.) Do not apply more than 20 mA of current to

the sensor.

®ICP is a registered trademark of PCB Piezotronics,

Inc.

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