MIDI hardware MBBS Manual de usuario
USER MANUAL
for
MBBS – MIDI controller
firmware version 2.0
www.midi-hardware.com
Roman Sowa 2011
Table of contents
1 Overview..............................................................................................4
2 Connections & Power S pply..................................................................4
3 Keyboards.............................................................................................5
3.1 Split for special f nction inp ts - #905......................................................6
3.2 Keyboard contacts debo ncing - #99........................................................7
4 Potentiometers & Control Voltages..........................................................7
4.1 Analog inp ts pdate rate - #98..............................................................8
4.2 Bitwise resol tion of analog inp ts - #96..................................................8
5 MIDI settings and special f nctions........................................................9
5.1 Transposition (starting note)...................................................................10
5.1.1 Middle "C" select - #1................................................................................10
5.1.2 Transpose +/- b ttons................................................................................10
5.1.3 Transpose +/- command - #10, #11...........................................................10
5.1.4 Global Transpose........................................................................................11
5.2 MIDI event assignment for keyboards and analog inp ts..........................11
5.2.1 Control Change - #2 CC.............................................................................11
5.2.2 Pitch Bend - #2128....................................................................................11
5.2.3 Program Change - #2129...........................................................................12
5.2.4 Channel After To ch - #2130......................................................................12
5.2.5 Standard keyboard action – single notes - #2131.........................................12
5.2.6 Note on only - #2132.................................................................................12
5.2.7 Note off only - #2133.................................................................................12
5.2.8 One-to ch Patch Recall - #2134..................................................................12
5.2.9 CC keyboard - #2135.................................................................................13
5.2.10 MIDI channel shift for all controls - #2136.................................................13
5.2.11 Small Transposer - #2137.........................................................................13
5.2.12 Big Transposer - #2138............................................................................13
5.2.13 Velocity - #2139.......................................................................................13
5.2.14 Native Instr ments B4 chor s/vibrato - #2140...........................................14
5.2.15 MidiTzer stops control - #2141..................................................................14
5.2.16 Ahlborn Archive mod le stops control - #2142...........................................14
5.2.17 Ahlborn Organs stops control - #2143.......................................................14
5.2.18 Program selector - #2144.........................................................................14
5.2.19 Bank selector - #2145..............................................................................15
5.2.20 Ahlborn Common F nctions - #2146.........................................................15
5.2.21 3-note chord collect - #2147.....................................................................15
5.2.22 D al note (layered so nd) - #2148...........................................................15
5.2.23 One time velocity set p - #2149...............................................................15
5.2.24 Single keyboard transposition b ttons - #2150 to #2153............................16
5.2.25 Channel set b ttons - #2154 & #2155......................................................16
5.2.26 All keyboards transposition - #2156 to #2159............................................16
5.2.27 MIDI notes for stops control - #2160........................................................16
5.2.28 Reversed notes action- #2161..................................................................16
5.3 MIDI Channel - #3.................................................................................17
5.4 Program Change - #4.............................................................................17
2
5.5 Keyboard split - #5.................................................................................17
5.6 Programming Patch Recall B ttons - #6...................................................18
6 MIDI tilities.......................................................................................19
6.1 MIDI monitor - #971..............................................................................19
6.2 Factory defa lts - #979..........................................................................19
7 Scanners.............................................................................................20
7.1 PDS - diode matrix pedal scanner............................................................20
7.2 DMS-2K d al keyboard matrix scanner.....................................................20
7.3 BBSP - common gro nd pedals scanner...................................................21
7.4 BBS-1K common gro nd keyboard scanner..............................................22
7.5 BBS24 little scanner for contacts & pots...................................................22
7.6 LITSW - b tton scanner with LED drivers.................................................23
7.6.1 Split point - #905.......................................................................................24
7.6.2 Independent mode - #908..........................................................................24
7.6.3 Dependent mode - #909............................................................................24
7.6.4 Bank/preset select - #910...........................................................................25
7.6.5 Disable bank/select mode - #911................................................................25
7.6.6 Contact on/off (keyboard scanner) mode - #912..........................................25
7.6.7 CC val e (pot scanner) mode - #913...........................................................25
7.6.8 Left split blink - #916.................................................................................25
7.6.9 Right split blink - #917...............................................................................25
7.6.10 All LEDs blink - #918................................................................................25
7.6.11 Reset to defa lts - #929...........................................................................26
7.7 POT12 - potentiometer scanner...............................................................26
7.8 MiDisp - 2x16 characters display..............................................................27
7.8.1 Toggle mode - #908...................................................................................27
7.8.2 Momentary mode - #909............................................................................27
7.8.3 Device ID set - #911..................................................................................27
7.8.4 Device ID show - #920...............................................................................28
7.8.5 Display blink - #918...................................................................................28
7.9 KEYPAD - n meric entry for ser MIDI settings........................................28
MIDI controller boards described here are prod cts of:
"MIDI-hardware" Roman Sowa
l. Azotowa 15B
41-503 Chorzów
Poland
phone +48 32 7633 931
email [email protected]
www.midi-hardware.com
www.midimplant.com
© 2011, Roman Sowa
boards made and man al printed in Poland, EU
man al edition 9
3
1 Overview
This man al describes the se and f nctionality of MBBS, a small MIDI controller
for one 5-octave keyboard, as well as all compatible scanners. The board described
here is intended for small 1-keyboard controllers, and smaller organ consoles. Apart
from direct inp ts for 5-octave keyboard with common b s bar, there are 2 scanner
inp ts. Each of them can take p to 128 keys if keyboard scanner is connected, or
p to 64 potentiometers if pot scanner is sed. This way p to 5 keyboard scanners
can work together b t only one inp t at a time can work with a chain of
potentiometer scanners. It is possible to combine keyboard and potentiometer
scanners on one inp t, th s 319 keys and 64 pots.
Feat res:
•63 direct inp ts for keyboard switches
•2 scanner inp ts, for keyboards and potentiometers
•ser defined split for every keyboard
•independent transposition for all keyboards/splits
•ser defined MIDI channel for each keyboard/split and pot
•ser defined MIDI event for each pot and keyboard split
•p to 15 special f nction, ser defined inp ts (transpose, channel, etc.)
•select Program Change from keyboard by entering n mber 001-999.
•all settings remain after disconnecting power
•DC power s pply (5V-12V DC)
2 Connections & Power Supply
Recommended power s pply range is between 5 and 12V DC. It is possible to r n
this board from lower voltage, b t its operation is not g aranteed then. C rrent
cons mption depends on the n mber of attached scanners and varies between 1 to
5mA, making it s itable for battery operation. This fig re doesn't incl de the load
ca sed by potentiometers if they are sed with appropriate scanners. If LCD
mod le takes more c rrent, abo t 15mA per display. The board comes with screw
terminals for power. Make s re to se proper polarity of power s pply. Connecting
power in reverse will not ca se any damage, b t of co rse it will only work with
proper power polarity.
4
The last (64th) contact pin marked in the pict re as "EDIT" sho ld be connected to
momentary switch. This allows changing al ser settings as described in chapter 5.
Yo don't need that if special programing KEYPAD is present in the MIDI system or
if yo don't want to change any defa lt settings.
Typical DIN5 MIDI o tp t is available with s pplied special cable connected to 3-
way connector as indicated.
3 Keyboards
Main keyboard connects to 4 on-board IDC headers according to the schematic
below.
Each black connector holds 16 inp ts for keyboard
switches. The pin n mbering within one connector
is shown here. Notice orientation of the keying slot:
At the edge of the board there are 3 soldering pads (holes) to connect common
gro nd of all switches in a keyboard. The common may be connected there, or at
the min s (GND) s pply lead of MBBS, whatever is more convenient.
Additional keyboard switches may be connected to keyboard scanners. There are
several scanners available: for 32, 64, 128 keys, with switches organized in 8x8
matrix and single-rod b s-bar. All are described in chapter 7. Type of the scanner is
determined by keyboard size and the way how switches are organized. Connection
between keyboard scanner and MBBS main board is always the same, regardless of
the type of scanner. MIDI settings of those keyboards can be changed by the ser
after all connections are in place.
Most commonly fo nd in modern keyboards is 8x8 diode matrix. 8x8 scanner driver
can be sed in s ch keyboards. The matrix is very simple circ it, made of diodes
forming electric XY array of 8 rows and 8 col mns. It is integral part of the contacts
board fo nd beneath the keys. Those kind of keyboards can work directly with
DMS-2K scanner. Its advantage is that yo can connect 2 keyboards to one board.
5
Older keyboards, and especially those sed in old analog organs, s ally don't have
s ch a thing, so in order to se 8x8 scanner, yo m st b ild diode matrix yo rself,
ass ming it is possible to separate the contacts into gro ps of 8 keys. In other
cases, when making diode matrix is impractical, yo may se b s-bar type of
scanners (BBS), where all keys share only one common b s. This is typical
keyboard arrangement in all old organ consoles. Below is a short table showing
which scanner type can be sed with different keyboards:
Keyboard type DMS BBS PDS
Independent switches, no connections ◊ ● ◊
Switches organized in 8x8 diode matrix ● ‡ ●
Switches organized in 6x12 and other ‡
One common rail for all switches ‡◊ ● ‡◊
● - can be sed directly
◊ - with additional diodes
‡ - req ires rewiring of existing contacts.
3.1 Split for pecial function input - #905
By defa lt all 63 on-board inp ts are treated as keyboard interface, playing notes,
or other similar MIDI events as described in chapter 5. B t yo can designate a few
inp ts for other tasks if less keyboard inp ts are req ired. S ch altered inp ts work
like they wo ld be potentiometer inp ts, b t only with min and max val es (0 and
127) possible. If those b ttons are assigned this way, each of them can be
individ ally set to different event type and MIDI channel. It creates some new
possibilities - for example yo can assign transpose/octave +/- b ttons, channel
+/- b ttons, and a few non-contin o s CCs, with most obvio s examples like
S stain or Portamento.
There can be p to 15 s ch inp ts, and they are always placed at the top of note
contacts, in the last, 4th connector (J4) of MBBS. This special mode is available
only in MBBS and not in any of connected scanners.
To define the split point between normal note inp ts, and special CC inp ts, play
any note at MBBS on-board inp ts, enter command #905 from the keypad (or se
on-board inp ts in seq ence: 64, 10, 1, 6), and then press the top key of desired
note part. All inp ts above this point, p to the EDIT inp t, will be now acting like
inp ts of POT scanner and can be individ ally programmed. To cancel this setting,
and t rn the whole range as normal inp ts, repeat the proced re, b t now set the
split point at the last note inp t (63). Do NOT connect any potentiometer, or
variable voltage to those inp ts. They are only capable of working with switches, or
logic levels. Applying other voltages may damage the board.
This kind of split has nothing to do with keyboard split described in chapter 5.5 and
can be sed independently of that one.
6
3.2 Keyboard contact debouncing - #99
Every kind of contact bo nces sometimes. This is very short series of contact
clos res and openings, making instable signals for detecting key on and key off. To
prevent the controller from sending MIDI notes on every bo nce, a special
techniq e is performed, called debo ncing. All boards from midi-hardware.com
perform contact debo ncing, b t MBBS also provides possibility to adj st the
strength of this process. By defa lt debo ncing is set to 20ms, b t yo can change
it to one of 10 steps from 2ms to over 40ms. If there are no bo ncing effects
apparent in yo r keyboard, there's no need for long debo ncing, and it can be
shortened to red ce latency. B t wwith old r sty wire contacts, it may be necessary
to set the debo ncing to a higher level. This increases latency, b t prevents from
b rst of nwanted notes with every key going p or down. To change debo ncing
time, yo m st play any note on the keyboard connected to internal inp ts of MBBS
(not on the scanners) and se command #99x, where 3rd digit (x) determines
debo ncing strength. 0 means almost no debo ncing and minim m latency, while 9
is maxim m debo ncing and biggest latency. See chapter 5 for general g idelines
on how to enter commands. If yo have dedicated LCD mod le -
MiDisp
, this
setting is easier to follow beca se short prompts are displayed after each digit.
4 Potentiometers & Control Voltages
Pot inp ts are available with se of proper expanders, like POT12, BBS24, PDS or
BBSP. They can be sed as contin o s controllers for things like vol me,
mod lation etc. Us ally those inp ts wo ld be connected to potentiometers, b t it's
possible to se them as analog inp ts with range of 0..+5V. Applying voltage of 0V
ca ses generation of CC with lowest val e, while +5V makes highest possible val e
of assigned MIDI parameter. Each inp t in the system has separately assigned MIDI
event and channel. This assignment can be easily changed by the ser with se of
special programing keypad, or lowest 10 keys of any connected keyboard. Every
potentiometer scanner is described in chapter 7, with connection schematics.
All potentiometer mu t be linear taper (not audio) in range 10-50k,
preferably 20k.
If there are 2 or more potentiometer scanners in the system, they m st be chained,
i.e. first board is connected to MBBS, and second one is connected to first POT
board, etc. If yo se 2 inp ts of MBBS to connect POT boards, they both will share
the same settings. That means it wo ld be like having 2 potentiometers for the
same MIDI parameter on the same channel. The chain of potentiometer scanners
can be connected to any one of the MBBS inp ts, or any daisy-chain inp t of other
connected scanners, b t only one. Only keyboard scanners can be connected to all
inp ts at the same time. Yo can mix different kinds of POT scanners in one chain.
There can be for example two POT12, and BBSP at the end. The total number of
potentiometer inp ts sho ld not exceed 64. All additional inp ts will be ignored.
Every POT scanner has pins for connecting o ter leads of the pots. They are
7
described as +5V and GND. Yo mu t not connect any power to those pins, they
are only for connection end potentiometer taps.
All cables leading from POT scanners to potentiometers sho ld be either shielded or
very short (no more than 30cm). Using long non-shielded cable may generate
sp rio s MIDI messages when nexpected. Typical microphone cable is good
eno gh for preventing this, even the low-cost one.
4.1 Analog input update rate - #98
All analog inp ts of potentiometer scanners (POT12, BBS24, PDS, BBPS) translate
inp t voltages, or potentiometer position into MIDI. Act al pot position is pdated
via MIDI every time it changes. This pdate is however not immediate - this is
common to any MIDI knob box. The fastest response for potentiometer movement
on a single inp t is abo t 5ms. It means that when yo constantly move the pot,
MBBS will pdate the MIDI parameter every 5ms. This is more than eno gh for
most of ses. In some instr ments, either hardware, or virt al, some problem may
occ r when there is heavy MIDI load. It is also sometimes desirable to limit MIDI
traffic e.g. to minimize the size of MIDI file recorded in a seq encer. It is possible to
change this setting sing command "#98n" from the keypad, where "n" determines
pdate rate according to the table below. More on how to enter digits and setting
proced res, in chapter 5. Defa lt factory setting is 18ms.
keypad
seq ence #980 #981 #982 #983 #984 #985 #986 #987 #988 #989
pot latency 5ms 7ms 9ms 13ms 18m 25ms 35ms 50ms 70ms 0.1s
pdate rate 200Hz 145Hz 115Hz 80Hz 55Hz 40Hz 30Hz 20Hz 15Hz 10Hz
This setting is available for all pot-capable boards (POT12, BBS24, BBSP, PDS)
connected to MBBS board. Each board can have different pdate rates, b t all
inp ts in one POT board work with one rate. For example yo can set it to 50ms on
first POT scanner, and 13ms on second one (ass ming yo have 2). As s al, to
change any settings for partic lar board, select it first by moving a bit any
potentiometer connected to board in q estion. Then sing yo r keypad enter the
code from above table. New settings will be activated and remembered.
4.2 Bitwi e re olution of analog input - #96
Us ally all MIDI parameters have 128 possible levels, determined by 7 bit nat re of
MIDI standard. In some cases it may be sef l to red ce the n mber of possible
levels, or in another words - n mber of information bits. For example if yo want to
se MIDI channel rotary selector, described in chapter 5.2.10, it's better to red ce
resol tion to 4 bits, and have only 16 levels in f ll pot rotation. In some software
synthesizers yo can select parameters sing only a fraction of the f ll CC range.
And in organ em lators it's also sometimes desirable to have only a few steps in f ll
8
pedal travel if it's sed e.g. for crescendo.
Bit resol tion is ser adj stable in a similar way as pdate rate described above, by
sing command #96x, where "x" is desired bit resol tion. For example #967 makes
the pot inp t 7-bits wide (128 levels), this is defa lt mode of operation. For
example #963 sets it to 3-bit resol tion, allowing for only 8 levels (and 8 possible
MIDI messages sent) per f ll pot rotation.
It's adj stable per single inp t, so yo can set every analog inp t in the system
individ ally To change resol tion of the inp t, t rn the potentiometer connected to
that inp t, and then enter #96 from the keypad, followed by n mber of bits yo
want to set. If this potentiometer was previo sly set to very low resol tion, like 1 or
2 bits, yo have to t rn the pot almost f ll rotation to select it for EDIT operations.
To start any pot for any kind of config ration (event, channel, resol tion) it m st
first make some action, and when yo have only so little levels, it takes m ch more
rotation to cross next valid level and indicate to MBBS board "hi, I'm the last sed
pot, any setting changes apply to me now!"
Bit resol tion is available only with the following boards: POT12 v1.2 and higher,
PDS, BBS24 and BBSP v1.0 and higher.
5 MI I settings and special functions
All settings are accessible from any keyboard connected to MBBS. Last contact pin
of MBBS sho ld be connected to momentary switch. This is the entry to EDIT mode
and allows changing all settings of entire set. Detailed proced res for all settings
are described later in this chapter. To make the settings more ergonomic and easier,
there's optional n meric keypad available, similar to phone keypad. It is connected
the same way as any keyboard scanner with 4-wire cable, and works like act al
keyboard, meaning it is possible to play notes with it. B t the advantage is the „#”
key, which d plicates the EDIT b tton.
To change any settings in EDIT mode, yo m st enter new val e of given
parameter. To do so, se lowest 10 keys of the keyboard as n meric entry. Lowest
key is digit „0”, while 10th key is digit „9”. This becomes obvio s with mentioned
n meric keypad. As a general r le, any change to a controller (keyboard, or
potentiometer) req ires selecting this controller first before making change.
For example, if yo want to change MIDI channel of certain potentiometer, move it
eno gh to generate some action (see 4.2.), and go into MIDI channel settings
mode. Or to change the split point – first play any note on the keyboard to be split,
and enter split-point change mode.
In this chapter, describing how to set all parameters, whenever „#” sign is
mentioned, it means the "EDIT" key, connected to last pin shown in the layo t
section, or the „#” or "*" key on n meric keypad if one is present in the system.
All three have exactly the same f nction. N meric entries are provided with the
ass mption that n meric keypad is sed, b t the same can be achieved with lowest
10 keys of any keyboard. It helps to add a sticker over those keys with n mbers
9
from 0 to 9 if only m sical keyboard is sed.
If yo also have dedicated LCD mod le -
MiDisp
, all setting activity is clearly visible.
It's m ch easier then to follow what stage of programming yo are in, and short
prompts are displayed according to yo r selection.
5.1 Tran po ition ( tarting note)
Transposition of any keyboard connected to MBBS is nlimited, that means any key
can generate any note from f ll MIDI range of more than 10 octaves. Each
keyboard, or act ally each split in every keyboard scanner, can be individ ally set.
Change is always performed for the last controller that was sed prior entering
transposition edit mode. There are three ways of single keyboard transpose, and
one for global transposition. If MiDisp mod le is available, transposition is displayed
after each change.
5.1.1 Middle "C" select - #1
This one is sable when yo want to q ickly align yo r keyboard with act al MIDI
notes. First yo select the keyboard to edit by playing any note in it. Enter „#”
followed by „1" on the keypad (or EDIT pin, and lowest contact in any keyboard
scanner). Now, whatever key yo press, it will be the new position of the middle C
MIDI note afterwards - MIDI note n mber 36. Yo can select new position of
middle C note anywhere between 3rd and top key of the keyboard.
5.1.2 Transpose +/- buttons
Second option is to se transposition b ttons. There can be 4 of them, two for
semitone steps p/down, and two for octave steps p/down. S ch b ttons can be
assigned as special events for potentiometer inp ts. The event n mbers for this
feat re are:
- one semitone p: 150
- one semitone down: 151
- one octave p: 152
- one octave down: 153
Pressing s ch b tton (shorting inp t to gro nd) will affect the last played keyboard,
and this setting will be memorized in non volatile memory. Here yo don't have to
enter entire command every time, instead, setting is accessible with single b tton
stroke. Go to chapter 5.2. for details on how to assign events to inp ts.
5.1.3 Transpose +/- command - #10 #11
Third option ses lowest 2 keys of the keyboard, or n mbers "0" and "1" of the
keypad. It doesn't matter if keyboard starts with key C or F or whatever, those are
always two lowest keys. The lowest one shifts the keyboard one semitone down
with each seq ence (#10), the 2nd key shifts the keyboard one semitone p (#11).
This is sef l if yo want to slightly change the transposition once, and there's no
need for easy accessible +/- b ttons.
10
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