Micro crystal RV-1805-C3 Instrucciones de uso

RV-1805-C3

Application Manual

Date: November 2018

Revision N°: 3.1

1/98

Headquarters:

Micro Crystal AG

Mühlestrasse 14

CH-2540 Grenchen

Switzerland

Tel.

Fax

Internet

+41 32 655 82 82

+41 32 655 82 83

www.microcrystal.com

sales@microcrystal.com

Micro Crystal

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................................................ 6

GENERAL DESCRIPTION......................................................................................................................... 61.1.

APPLICATIONS......................................................................................................................................... 71.2.

2. BLOCK DIAGRAM............................................................................................................................................. 8

PINOUT ...................................................................................................................................................... 92.1.

PIN DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................................................................102.2.

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION.................................................................................................................112.3.

DEVICE PROTECTION DIAGRAM .........................................................................................................112.4.

3. REGISTER ORGANIZATION .......................................................................................................................... 12

REGISTER OVERVIEW........................................................................................................................... 123.1.

TIME AND DATE REGISTERS................................................................................................................143.2.

ALARM REGISTERS............................................................................................................................... 173.3.

CONFIGURATION REGISTERS.............................................................................................................. 203.4.

CALIBRATION REGISTERS...................................................................................................................253.5.

SLEEP CONTROL REGISTER................................................................................................................27

3.6.

TIMER REGISTERS.................................................................................................................................283.7.

OSCILLATOR REGISTERS..................................................................................................................... 313.8.

MISCELLANEOUS REGISTERS............................................................................................................. 323.9.

ANALOG CONTROL REGISTERS ......................................................................................................... 333.10.

ID REGISTERS ........................................................................................................................................ 353.11.

RAM REGISTERS.................................................................................................................................... 373.12.

REGISTER RESET VALUES SUMMARY...............................................................................................393.13.

4. DETAILED FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................................... 40

I2C INTERFACE .......................................................................................................................................414.2.

BUS NOT BUSY................................................................................................................................414.2.1.

BIT TRANSFER ................................................................................................................................ 414.2.2.

START AND STOP CONDITIONS ...................................................................................................414.2.3.

DATA VALID .....................................................................................................................................424.2.4.

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION ............................................................................................................424.2.5.

ACKNOWLEDGE..............................................................................................................................424.2.6.

ADDRESSING...................................................................................................................................434.2.7.

WRITE OPERATION.........................................................................................................................444.2.8.

READ OPERATION AT SPECIFIC ADDRESS................................................................................ 444.2.9.

READ OPERATION..........................................................................................................................454.2.10.

XT OSCILLATOR.....................................................................................................................................454.3.

RC OSCILLATOR .................................................................................................................................... 454.4.

RTC COUNTER ACCESS........................................................................................................................ 454.5.

HUNDREDTHS SYNCHRONIZATION .................................................................................................... 464.6.

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GENERATING HUNDREDTHS OF A SECOND ..................................................................................... 464.7.

WATCHDOG TIMER................................................................................................................................ 464.8.

DIGITAL CALIBRATION.......................................................................................................................... 474.9.

XT OSCILLATOR DIGITAL CALIBRATION......................................................................................474.9.1.

RC OSCILLATOR DIGITAL CALIBRATION.....................................................................................484.9.2.

AUTOCALIBRATION...............................................................................................................................504.10.

BASIC AUTOCALIBRATION OPERATION............................................................................................ 504.11.

AUTOCALIBRATION OPERATION..................................................................................................504.11.1.

XT AUTOCALIBRATION MODE.......................................................................................................514.11.2.

RC AUTOCALIBRATION MODE ......................................................................................................514.11.3.

AUTOCALIBRATION FREQUENCY AND CONTROL.....................................................................514.11.4.

Cap_RC PIN......................................................................................................................................524.11.5.

AUTOCALIBRATION FAILURE........................................................................................................524.11.6.

FREQUENCY ACCURACY IN RC AUTOCALIBRATION MODE.....................................................524.11.7.

A REAL WORLD EXAMPLE.............................................................................................................554.11.8.

RC AUTOCALIBRATION TIMING ACCURACY EXAMPLE.............................................................564.11.9.

POWER ANALYSIS...................................................................................................................574.11.10.

DISANDVANTAGES RELATIVE TO THE XT OSCILLATOR ...................................................574.11.11.

XT OSCILLATOR FAILURE DETECTION .............................................................................................. 584.12.

INTERRUPTS........................................................................................................................................... 584.13.

INTERRUPT SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................584.13.1.

ALARM INTERRUPT AIRQ ..............................................................................................................594.13.2.

COUNTDOWN TIMER INTERRUPT TIRQ....................................................................................... 594.13.3.

WATCHDOG TIMER INTERRUPT WIRQ........................................................................................594.13.4.

BATTERY LOW INTERRUPT BLIRQ...............................................................................................594.13.5.

EXTERNAL INTERRUPT EIRQ........................................................................................................594.13.6.

XT OSCILLATOR FAILURE INTERRUPT OFIRQ ...........................................................................594.13.7.

AUTOCALIBRATION FAILURE INTERRUPT ACIRQ......................................................................594.13.8.

SERVICING INTERRUPTS ..............................................................................................................604.13.9.

POWER CONTROL AND SWITCHING...................................................................................................604.14.

AUTOMATIC SWITCHOVER SUMMARY........................................................................................614.14.1.

BATTERY LOW FLAG AND INTERRUPT........................................................................................614.14.2.

ANALOG COMPARATOR ................................................................................................................624.14.3.

PIN CONTROL AND LEAKAGE MANAGEMENT (POWER CONTROL) ........................................ 624.14.4.

POWER UP TIMING......................................................................................................................... 634.14.5.

RESET SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................................634.15.

POWER UP RESET..........................................................................................................................644.15.1.

WATCHDOG TIMER......................................................................................................................... 644.15.2.

SLEEP...............................................................................................................................................654.15.3.

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SOFTWARE RESET ................................................................................................................................ 654.16.

SLEEP CONTROL STATE MACHINE .................................................................................................... 654.17.

RUN STATE......................................................................................................................................664.17.1.

SWAIT STATE (SLEEP_WAIT STATE)............................................................................................664.17.2.

SLEEP STATE.................................................................................................................................. 664.17.3.

SLP PROTECTION...........................................................................................................................684.17.4.

PSWS, PSWB AND LKP...................................................................................................................684.17.5.

PIN CONTROL AND LEAKAGE MANAGEMENT (SLEEP CONTROL) ..........................................684.17.6.

SYSTEM POWER CONTROL APPLICATIONS...................................................................................... 694.18.

VSS POWER SWITCHED..................................................................................................................694.18.1.

VDD POWER SWITCHED..................................................................................................................704.18.2.

RESET DRIVEN................................................................................................................................704.18.3.

INTERRUPT DRIVEN.......................................................................................................................714.18.4.

TYPICAL SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION................................................................................................. 714.19.

ALARMS............................................................................................................................................ 724.19.1.

COUNTDOWN TIMER......................................................................................................................724.19.2.

WAKE BUTTON/SWITCH.................................................................................................................724.19.3.

EXTERNAL DEVICE INPUT.............................................................................................................724.19.4.

ANALOG INPUT................................................................................................................................724.19.5.

BATTERY LOW DETECTION...........................................................................................................724.19.6.

ERRORS...........................................................................................................................................724.19.7.

SAVING PARAMETERS..........................................................................................................................734.20.

POWER SWITCH ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ......................................................................... 734.21.

AVOIDING UNEXPECTED LEAKAGE PATHS ......................................................................................734.22.

SYSTEM POWER ANALYSIS................................................................................................................. 734.23.

USING AN EXTERNAL RTC WITH POWER MANAGEMENT.........................................................734.23.1.

MANAGING MCU ACTIVE POWER................................................................................................. 744.23.2.

LOWER COST MCUs.......................................................................................................................744.23.3.

HIGH PERFORMANCE PROCESSORS.......................................................................................... 744.23.4.

TRICKLE CHARGER............................................................................................................................... 744.24.

5. DIGITAL ARCHITECTURE SUMMARY ..........................................................................................................75

6. ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS....................................................................................................................76

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS.......................................................................................................... 766.1.

POWER SUPPLY PARAMETERS ..........................................................................................................766.2.

OPERATING PARAMETERS .................................................................................................................. 786.3.

OSCILLATOR PARAMETERS................................................................................................................786.4.

XT FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS..................................................................................................806.5.

XT FREQUENCY VS. TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS........................................................806.5.1.

VDD SUPPLY CURRENT.......................................................................................................................... 816.6.

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VBACKUP SUPPLY CURRENT ...................................................................................................................856.7.

BREF ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS............................................................................................. 886.8.

I2C AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ...........................................................................................896.9.

POWER ON AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS............................................................................ 906.10.

RST

AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS........................................................................................ 916.11.

7. APPLICATION INFORMATION....................................................................................................................... 92

OPERATING RV-1805-C3 .......................................................................................................................927.1.

OPERATING RV-1805-C3 WITH BACKUP BATTERY/SUPERCAP ..................................................... 937.2.

8. RECOMMENDED REFLOW TEMPERATURE (LEADFREE SOLDERING)..................................................94

9. PACKAGE........................................................................................................................................................95

DIMENSIONS AND SOLDERPADS LAYOUT ........................................................................................959.1.

MARKING AND PIN #1 INDEX................................................................................................................959.2.

10.PACKING & SHIPPING INFORMATION.........................................................................................................96

11.HANDLING PRECAUTIONS FOR CRYSTALS OR MODULES WITH EMBEDDED CRYSTALS ................ 97

12.DOCUMENT REVISION HISTORY..................................................................................................................98

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RV-1805-C3

Extreme Low Power Real Time Clock / Calendar Module with I2C Interface

1. OVERVIEW

Ultra-low supply current (all at 3V):

- 17 nA with RC oscillator

- 22 nA with RC oscillator and Autocalibration (ACP = 512 seconds)

- 60 nA with crystal oscillator

Baseline timekeeping features:

- 32.768 kHz built-in “Tuning Fork” crystal oscillator with integrated load capacitor/resistor

- Counters for hundredths, seconds, minutes, hours, date, month, year, century, and weekday

- Alarm capability on all counters

- Programmable output clock generation (32.768 kHz to 1/year)

- Countdown timer with repeat function

- Automatic leap year calculation

Advanced timekeeping features:

- Integrated power optimized RC oscillator

- Factory calibrated frequency offset compensation to ± 2 ppm

- Advanced RC calibration to ± 16 ppm

- Automatic calibration of RC oscillator to the compensated crystal oscillator

- Watchdog timer with hardware reset

- Up to 512 bytes of general purpose RAM

Power management features:

- Integrated ~1 Ω power switch for off-chip components such as a host MCU

- System sleep manager for managing host processor wake/sleep states

- Reset output generator

- Supercapacitor trickle charger with programmable charging current

- Automatic switchover to VBACKUP

- External interrupt monitor

- Programmable low battery detection threshold

- Programmable analog voltage comparator

I2C (up to 400 kHz) serial interface

Operating voltage 1.5-3.6 V

Clock and RAM retention voltage 1.5-3.6 V

Operating temperature –40 to +85 °C

All inputs include Schmitt Triggers

Available in small and compact package size, RoHS-compliant and 100% leadfree: C3: 3.7 x 2.5 x 0.9 mm

GENERAL DESCRIPTION1.1.

The RV-1805-C3 Real Time Clock with Power Management provides a groundbreaking combination of ultra-low

power coupled with a highly sophisticated feature set. The power requirement is significantly lower than any other

industry RTC (as low as 17 nA). The RV-1805-C3 includes an on-chip oscillator to provide a minimum power

consumption, full RTC functions including battery backup and programmable counters and alarms for timer and

watchdog functions, and either an I2C serial interface for communication with a host controller. An integrated power

switch and a sophisticated system sleep manager with counter, timer, alarm, and interrupt capabilities allows the

RV-1805-C3 to be used as a supervisory component in a host microcontroller based system.

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APPLICATIONS1.2.

The RV-1805-C3 RTC module has been specially designed for ultimate low power consumption:

60 nA with crystal oscillator (at 3V)

22 nA with RC oscillator and Autocalibration (ACP = 512 sec. at 3V)

17 nA with RC oscillator (at 3V)

Permits to operate this RTC module several hours at Backup Supply Voltage using low-cost MLCC

These unique features make this product perfectly suitable for many applications:

Communication: Wireless Sensors and Tags, Handsets, Communications equipment

Metering: E-Meter / Heating Counter / Smart Meters / PV Converter

Outdoor: ATM & POS systems / Ticketing Systems

Medical: Glucose Meter / Health Monitoring Systems

Safety: Security & Camera Systems / Door Lock & Access Control

Consumer: Gambling Machines / TV & Set Top Boxes / White Goods

Automation: Data Logger / Home & Factory Automation / Industrial and Consumer Electronics

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2. BLOCK DIAGRAM

Cap_RC Control

Trickle Charge

BREF Control

Batmode IO

Analog Status

Output Control

Ext. RAM Addr.

User RAM

Hundredths

Hours

Interrupt Mask

Control2

Control1

Status

Weekdays Alarm

Months Alarm

Hours Alarm

Minutes Alarm

Seconds Alarm

Hundredths Alarm

Weekdays

Years

Months

Minutes

Seconds

Timer Control

Sleep Control

Calibration XT

Square Wave SQW

Date Alarm

Oscillator Status

Oscillator Control

Timer Initial

Timer

Watchdog Timer

Date

System Control

logic

PSW 8

INPUT

OUTPUT

CONTROL

WDI 9

RST

Reset

Cap_RC 2

Xtal Osc

RC Osc

Divider

Calibration Engine

I2C-BUS

Interface

SCL 4

SDA 5

VSS 6

VDD 1Power

Control

VBACKUP

Analog

Compare

CLK/INT

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PINOUT2.1.

RV-1805-C3 Package:

#1 #5

#6#10

1805

#1 VDD

#10

RST

#2 Cap_RC

#9 WDI

#3 CLK/INT

#8 PSW

#4 SCL

#7 VBACKUP

#5 SDA

#6 VSS

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PIN DESCRIPTION2.2.

Symbol

Pin #

Description

VDD

Primary power connection. If a single power supply is used, it must be connected to VDD.

Cap_RC

Autocalibration filter connection. A 47 pF ceramic capacitor should be placed between this pin and VSS for

improved Autocalibration mode timing accuracy.

INT/CLK

Clock Output / Interrupt. Primary interrupt output connection. It is an open drain output. An external pull-up

resistor must be added to this pin. It should be connected to the host device and is used to indicate when

the RTC can be accessed via the I2C interface.

INT/CLK

may be configured to generate several signals

as a function of the CLKS field (see CONFIGURATION REGISTERS, 11h - Control2).

INT/CLK

is also

asserted low on a power up until the RV-1805-C3 has exited the reset state and is accessible via the I2C

interface.

INT/CLK

can drive the static value of the CLKB bit.

INT/CLK

can drive the inverse of the combined interrupt signal IRQ (see INTERRUPTS).

INT/CLK

can drive the square wave signal SQW (see CONFIGURATION REGISTERS, 13h –

Square Wave SQW) if enabled by SQWE.

INT/CLK

can drive the inverse of the alarm interrupt signal AIRQ (see INTERRUPTS).

SCL

I2C Serial Clock Input. A pull-up resistor is required on this pin.

SDA

I2C Serial Data. A pull-up resistor is required on this pin.

VSS

Ground connection

VBACKUP

Backup Supply Voltage. If a backup voltage is not present, VBACKUP is normally left floating or grounded, but

it may also be used to provide the analog input to the internal comparator (see ANALOG COMPARATOR).

Requires series resistor. The optimal total series impedance = VBACKUP power source ESR (Equivalent

Series Resistance) + external resistor value = 1.5 kΩ.

PSW

Power Switch Output. Secondary interrupt output connection. It is an open drain output. This pin can be left

floating if not used. PSW may be configured to generate several signals as a function of the PSWS field

(see CONFIGURATION REGISTERS, 11h - Control2). This pin will be configured as an ~1 Ω switch if the

PSWC bit is set.

1. PSW can drive the static value of the PSWB bit.

2. PSW can drive the square wave signal SQW (see CONFIGURATION REGISTERS, 13h -

Square Wave SQW) if enabled by SQWE.

3. PSW can drive the inverse of the combined interrupt signal IRQ (see INTERRUPTS).

4. PSW can drive the inverse of the alarm interrupt signal AIRQ (see INTERRUPTS).

5. PSW can drive the inverse or the not inverse of the timer interrupt signal TIRQ.

6. PSW can function as the power switch output for controlling the power of external devices (see

SLEEP CONTROL).

WDI

Watchdog Timer reset input connection. It may also be used to generate an External interrupt with polarity

selected by the EIP bit if enabled by the EIE bit. The value of the WDI pin may be read in the WDIS register

bit. This pin does not have an internal pull-up or pull-down resistor and so one must be added externally. It

must not be left floating or the RTC may consume higher current. Instead, it must be connected directly to

either VDD or VSS if not used.

RST

Reset Output. It is an open drain output. If this pin is used, an external pull-up resistor must be added to

this pin. If the pin is not used, it can be left floating. The polarity is selected by the RSTP bit, which will

initialize to 0 on power up to produce an active low output. See AUTOCALIBRATION FAILURE

INTERRUPT ACIRQ for details of the generation of

RST

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