LEGO ARCHITECTURE 21027 BERLIN Manual de usuario

Berlin

Germany

Berlin

Allemagne

Berlín

(Alemania)

21027

Berlin

Germany’s capital and cultural center dates back to

the 13th century and has shaped—and been shaped

by—many dramatic events in European history.

From humble beginnings as a medieval trading center

to its key role in the rise of the Kingdom of Prussia and

modern Germany, Berlin has experienced wars, staged

revolutions, been divided in two, lost and regained its

place as the country’s capital city.

This richly textured history is still there to be seen in the

city’s skyline, which manages to combine important

historic symbols with cutting-edge architectural

statements.

[ “Berlin is the newest city

I have come across.

Even Chicago would

appear old and

gray in comparison.” ]

Mark Twain,

Chicago Daily Tribune, 1892

The Wall was both a physical barrier between West

Berlin and East Germany, and the symbolic boundary

between western democracy and Communism during

the Cold War. Started in August 1961, the wall was 96

miles (155 km) long and had a height of 11.8 ft. (3.6 m) in

the section that divided the city.

Little remains of the Berlin Wall within the city itself.

A double row of cobblestones traces its 3.5 mile (5.5

km) route through the city center, while the Berlin Wall

Memorial on Bernauer Strasse includes a preserved 197

ft. (60 m) strip of “no man’s land” where the wall once

divided the city.

The Berlin Wall

[ “Mr. Gorbachev,

tear down this wall” ]

President Ronald Reagan

(1987)

The Berlin Wall

BerlinTVTower

If you want to enjoy a spectacular 360° view of

Berlin’s skyline then take a trip up the 1,207 ft. (368 m)

tall Berlin TV Tower (Fernsehturm Berlin). The visibility

from the rotating visitor platform in the middle of the

tower’s sphere can reach 26 miles (42 km) on a clear

day.

The tower consists of an 820 ft. (250 m) concrete shaft

upon which sits a seven-story sphere, crowned by a

387 ft. (118 m) red and white striped antenna mast.

Constructed between 1965 and 1969, the decision

to place the tower in the center of the city was as

much political as technical. The East German regime

needed a powerful transmitter to counter the growing

influence of Western TV and chose to make a bold

statement with a futuristic tower that would dominate

the Berlin skyline.

The first conceptual sketches of the tower were

drawn by Hermann Henselmann. He was also the

architect who had been given the task of modernizing

the East German section of the city. He saw straight

away the potential for the tower to become an iconic

centerpiece of his urban renewal project as well as a

symbol of the technological prowess of the socialist

state.

The Berlin TV Tower remains Germany’s tallest

structure and a popular destination for almost 1.2

million visitors every year.

5Berlin TV Tower

Deutsche Bahn Tower

Located on Potsdamer Platz in the heart of the city,

this impressive office block is part of the Sony Center

complex, the modernist symbol of the regeneration of

Berlin since German reunification in 1990.

With Berlin badly damaged during World War II and

divided by the Berlin Wall for almost 30 years, authorities

were determined that the regeneration of Potsdamer

Platz would re-establish it as a dynamic, modern

city. When Sony decided to erect its new European

headquarters in the square, the company employed the

renowned architect Helmut Jahn who designed an eye-

catching 338 ft. (103 m) semi-circular glass and steel

tower.

Opened in June 2000, the office is now home to Deutsche

Bahn AG, the German national railway company, and

is referred to as BahnTower. The building is the tallest

structure on Potsdamer Platz.

Deutsche Bahn Tower

Originally erected between 1864 and 1873 to

commemorate famous victories in wars against

Denmark, Austria and France, the Victory Column

(Siegessäule) was extended to its current height of 220

ft. (67 m) during the 1930s.

The sandstone column stands upon a base of polished

red granite and is crowned with a 27 ft. (8.3 m) high

statue representing Victoria, the goddess of victory

from Roman mythology. The column’s viewing platform

offers visitors a panorama of the city.

Victory Column

BrandenburgGate

The Brandenburg Gate (Brandenburger Tor) is one of

Berlin’s most important architectural structures and a

historical symbol all in one. The gate has been at the

heart of German and European history for over 200 years.

Commissioned by King Frederick William II of Prussia,

it was built as the grandest of a series of 18 city gates

through which Berlin was once entered. Designed by

architect Carl Gotthard Langhans and constructed

between 1788 and 1791, the inspiration for the gate came

from the entry hall of the Acropolis in Athens, Greece.

The gate itself is built in sandstone and consists of twelve

Doric columns, six to each side, forming five separate

passageways. Atop the gate is the Quadriga—a chariot

drawn by four horses driven by Victoria, the Roman

goddess of victory.

[“Ich bin ein Berliner.” ]

John F. Kennedy (1963)

9Brandenburg Gate

Reichstag

If there is a building in Berlin that symbolizes both the

city’s turbulent history and modern resurgence then

it is the Reichstag (Reichstagsgebäude). Completed

in 1894 after ten years of construction, the parliament

building witnessed the birth of German democracy, the

rise of National Socialism and the decay of the Cold

War period.

Severely damaged by a fire in 1933 and almost

completely destroyed during World War II, the building

was partially rebuilt during the 1960s, but remained

largely unused.

It was only with the reunification of East and West

Germany and the restoration of Berlin as the country’s

capital that a complete renovation of the building took

place. The renowned English architect Sir Norman

Foster combined the original historical façade with

modern architectural elements such as the spectacular

glass dome to create a modern seat of democracy for

the German Bundestag (parliament).

[ “Berlin is more a part

of the world than a city.” ]

Jean Paul,

(1800)

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