Intermountain Water Imperial Manual de usuario

Imperial 1.0 - 2.9

Owners Manual

Intermountain Water

Manufacturing Excellence Since 1966

1-800-454-3429

Table of Contents

How your Imperial Water Softener Works 3-9

Your responsibilities as an equipment owner 10

System Programming & Adjustments 11-12

System Diagnostics Mode 13

When & How to Bypass your Imperial Water Softener 14 - 15

System Installation & Startup Procedures 16

Warranty Information 17

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How your Imperial Water Softener Works

Every day, thousands of billions of tons of water evaporate from the

earth's surface.

As the heat of the sun evaporates the water and draws it from the earth's

surface into the atmosphere, many impurities are left behind. The water

vapor eventually cools to form clouds and then falls back to earth as

precipitation. On it's way from the clouds to your faucet, soft rain water

dissolves and absorbs a part of almost everything is passes. The falling

rain cleans the air as it falls. Unfortunately the impurities that were

removed from the air have not left us, they have just been relocated

through the water onto the ground.

Gases and other contaminants cause undesirable tastes, colors and

odors.

Water falls upon the ground, collecting sediments like rust, sand and

algae. The water eventually finds its way to a surface water supply or

percolates downward and collects in an aquifer. As it percolates through

the earth, the water can absorb hardness minerals, iron, heavy metals,

radioactivity, organic contaminants, and many other complex elements

and compounds.

Water can also collect numerous harmful man-made chemical impurities

throughout this cycle. These chemicals are generally odorless, colorless,

tasteless and can often be life-threatening. The statement, "my parents

drank this water for 75 years and it never killed them", is no longer a valid

excuse to not be concerned with water quality.

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There has been a massive global increase in harmful chemical waste over

the last 50 years.

The scientific and medical community has not had time or the ability to

study the long-term health effects of the more than 70,000 harmful

chemicals that can be found in use today.

Approximately 1,000 new synthetic chemical compounds are entering the

industrial marketplace each and every year. Precipitation falls upon

commercial and municipal dumpsites, toxic waste sites, industrial refuse

depots, military test sites, leach fields, mining operations, farmers fields

etc... Where it dissolves minute amounts of the toxic chemicals present

and carries them along.

The United States Government estimated in 1986 that close to two

percent of the nation's ground water supplies were moderately polluted

by sources such as hazardous waste dumps and leaking landfills.

Industrial wastewater is also a major source of water contamination.

When certain chemicals come in contact with others, they create new

compounds.

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Chemicals that are considered generally acceptable in controlled

amounts may react with other elements and/or chemicals to form new

compounds that could be highly carcinogenic.

Chlorine is one of the best-publicized examples; it reacts with organic

matter in water and forms deadly trihalomethanes.

Hard water is probably the single largest threat facing the American

home in the 21st century. Hard water can coat your family, your home

and your appliances with thousands of pounds of inorganic mineral rock-

scale each and every year; Hard water slowly destroys everything it

touches. Left untreated, hard water costs you money, ruins your lifestyle

and can even lower the value of your home.

No one needs to tell you that you're living with Hard Water though. Soap

doesn't lather easily, glasses are cloudy after washing, a ring forms around

the bathtub, faucets and shower heads are crusty, laundering results are

poor and there are many other easily recognized signs.

There are several degrees of Water Hardness. Even if it is moderately

hard, it can seriously damage the plumbing system in your home and, in

time, cause inconvenient and expensive problems.

Hard water is a poor solvent because it is loaded with a variety of

impurities. These dissolved impurities react with certain chemicals found

in soap to form a gummy, insoluble curd.

This soap curd clings stubbornly to everything it touches. The ring around

your bathtub is curd. That same curd causes your hair to become dull

and hard to manage.

Soap curd clogs skin pores and prevents your natural oils from moisturizing

your skin. This dryness causes itching and also aggravates skin conditions

like psoriasis, eczema and acne.

Soap curd is especially noticeable by the scummy film it forms on dishes,

glassware, walls and floors. Hardness and other dissolved solids combine

to form the residue you see as spots on glasses, crockery, cutlery and

shower enclosures.

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Hard water harms fabrics

Laundry washed in hard water takes on a gray color and wears out faster

than expected. With hard water in your washing machine, it's almost

impossible to wash clothes white - even when you use large amounts of

detergent and bleach Minerals and insoluble particles in hard water

trap dirt and soap curd in the fabric of your clothes and linens. These

deposits give fabric a dull gray "washed-out" look and cause the clothing

fibers to be brittle. Your clothes and linens then feel harsh and rough -

they deteriorate faster.

Hard water harms foods

Some vegetables such as peas and beans become tough and

unpalatable when cooked in hard water. Baking with hard water imparts

an undesirable taste from the hardness minerals into your food. Tea,

Coffee and other beverages prepared with hard water taste awful and

often contain flakes of hardness.

Hard water affects your house plumbing

Perhaps the greatest damage done by hard water is the damage that

you can't easily see. Water heaters, humidifiers, boilers and household

pipes become lined with an increasingly thick layer of calcium and

magnesium scale.

As this scale builds up, the water flow in your pipes diminishes to such a

point that new piping is usually the only realistic option to remedy the

situation.

Hard water scale inside a water heater forms an insulating layer that

prevents the burners or heating elements from heating the water

efficiently. Just 1/8" of scale inside the tank can require up to 30% more

fuel to heat the water to the desired temperature.

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How water hardness is measured

Water hardness is measured in imperial Grains per Gallon (gpg). A grain,

in this case, is the weight of an average dry grain of wheat, approximately

1/7000th of a pound. The water treatment industry generally uses the

following standards to classify water hardness.

Soft Water 0 - 0.5 gpg

Slightly Hard Water .5 - 3.5 gpg

Moderately Hard Water 3.5 - 7 gpg

Very Hard Water 7 - 10.5 gpg

Extremely Hard Water 10.5 gpg and greater

THE CRIMES OF HARD WATER

Increased Water Heating Costs

Damaged Clothing

Excessive Soap Consumption

Pipe Scaling

Faucet and Fixture Deterioration

Skin Problems

Unpalatable Food

Undesirable Tastes and Odors

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Principles of Ion Exchange

The smallest units that make up chemical compounds and still retain the

properties of those compounds are called molecules. Molecules are

made up of atoms or groups of atoms. Electrically charged atoms are

called ions. The charge of a single ion can be either positive or negative

- Ions of metals and of hydrogen are usually positively charged and are

called cations. Ions such as chlorine, nitrate, phosphate, fluoride and

sulfates are negatively charged and called anions.

Certain insoluble materials are made up of large ions forming a skeletal

structure containing oppositely charged ions. These ions can be

exchanged with other similar ions in an ion exchange.

The first commercial application of ion exchange was water softening in

1905. Since then, ion exchange has been the most reliable method of

softening water in homes and industry.

The softening of water by ion exchange relies on the replacement of the

calcium and magnesium ions in the water by an equivalent number of

sodium ions.

The softening process may be illustrated by the following equation:-

R2. Na + Ca(HCO3)2 = R2 . Ca + 2NaHCO3

Sodium Ion Exchange

Resin

Calcium Bicarbonate

in water Calcium Ion

Exchange Resin Sodium Bicarbonate

in Water

Obviously, the system can only exchange a certain amount of hardness

and other contaminants. This is referred to as the capacity of the resin.

The capacity of the resin is referred to as grains of calcium carbonate

hardness removed per cubic foot of resin or Milliequivalents per liter.

When the capacity has been exhausted, the resin needs to be

regenerated with a solution of sodium chloride (brine) as follows:-

R2.Ca + 2NaCl = 2 R.Na + CaCl2

Calcium Ion

Exchange Resin Sodium Chloride

Brine Sodium Ion

Exchange Resin Calcium Chloride

Waste

Your Imperial Water Softening System can be regenerated with Potassium

Chloride if desired.

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Over the years, the composition of ion exchange media has advanced,

reflecting global technological advances.

Ion exchange resins used in your Imperial Water Softener are made in the

USA, without harmful toxic solvents. Designed to be physically and

chemically strong while removing the maximum amount of hardness

contamination from water.

The Imperial water softener brand has been trusted by America for more

than 40 years, and continues to provide comprehensive protection from

hard water to an entirely new generation of American families.

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Your responsibilities as an equipment owner

Your Imperial Water Softening System is manufactured to be efficient and

very reliable. To ensure continued performance and keep your system

operating within manufacturer’s specifications, the following operating

conditions must be ensured by you, the equipment owner:

Water Pressure Regulator

The influent water pressure into this water system must be regulated by a

code-compliant pressure-regulating device not to exceed 75psi.

Power Protection

Power to this system must be supplied by an unswitched 110VAC supply.

Surge protection is mandatory and is to be supplied by you, the

equipment owner. The use of a UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) is

encouraged.

Salt

This water system uses salt to clean itself. The brine tank must be filled with

a high quality pellet or cubed salt to ensure system operation. Rock salt is

not suitable for this system, as it usually contains high levels of impurities

that can possibly compromise the system functionality.

Hydroclear

The Hydroclear performance injector should be kept full to ensure proper

system operation and maximum efficiency. Check the level of your

Hydroclear feeder each time you fill your brine tank with salt.

Annual Inspection

Water chemistry changes over the years and will have an effect on your

system’s ability to do its job. Natural attrition on the system will usually

occur at 3-5% per year when protected with Hydroclear. Your system

should be inspected and recalibrated annually to ensure your system is

performing at optimum levels and that you stay current with the latest

technologies. Annual inspections are free of charge to Platinum

customers.

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