Hirschmann IRD 8500 Manual de usuario
Print: 1.0
Issue: October 2000
BH_8450E
IRD 8500/..
Operating manual
Integrated Receiver Decoder
Contents
Introduction 1-1
General notes....................................1-2
Technical modifications ...........................................1-2
Copyright .....................................................1-2
Explanation of warning and note symbols................1-2
Safety notes .....................................1-3
Explanation to digital TV broadcasting technique ..........1-4
General ......................................................1-4
Definitions ....................................................1-7
Putting into operation 2-1
Description ......................................2-2
General ......................................................2-2
Design .......................................................2-2
Power supply ..................................................2-3
Control .......................................................2-3
Monitoring ....................................................2-3
SAT-receiver/demodulator .........................................2-4
MPEG processing...............................................2-5
Conditional Access (Option) .......................................2-6
Video processing ...............................................2-6
Audio processing ...............................................2-7
Block diagram..................................................2-8
Interfaces and operating elements .....................2-9
Front-panel....................................................2-9
Rear-panel ...................................................2-10
Start-up........................................2-13
Procedure....................................................2-13
Contents
IRD 8500/..
0 - 2 Intergrated Receiver Decoder
Menu operation 3-1
Menu tree.......................................3-2
Menu operation...................................3-4
Operation .....................................................3-4
Change settings ................................................3-4
Alarm and warning messages ......................................3-5
Password protection .............................................3-5
Configuration / Identification .......................................3-6
Status display / history / operation log ................................3-6
Preset / Reset .................................................3-7
Network ......................................................3-7
Display.......................................................3-9
Date / Time / Temperature ........................................3-9
PIN-Code .....................................................3-9
Maintenance 4-1
Important notes...................................4-2
Functional check..................................4-3
Procedure ....................................................4-3
Nominal operation state ..........................................4-3
Help with problems ................................4-4
Change ........................................4-5
Changing the mains fuse..........................................4-5
Changing the battery.............................................4-5
Fitting of options ..................................4-7
General ......................................................4-7
Software update ..................................4-8
Handling........................................4-8
Storage ......................................................4-8
Transport .....................................................4-8
Disposal ......................................................4-8
Contents
IRD 8500/..
Intergrated Receiver Decoder 0 - 3
Ordering information ...............................4-9
Ordering information Integrated Receiver Decoder for 230 V mains connection ..4-9
Ordering information Integrated Receiver Decoder for 115 V mains connection ..4-9
Ordering information for options.....................................4-9
Services .......................................4-10
Changes 5-1
Appendix 6-1
General data ....................................6-2
Technical data ...................................6-2
Error messages ..................................6-6
Contents
IRD 8500/..
0 - 4 Intergrated Receiver Decoder
General notes
NOTE: Keep this manual handy at all times.
Technical modifications
Changes of information contained in this manual reserved.
Copyright
This manual contains information protected by copyright. All rights reserved. No part of
this manual may be photocopied, otherwise reproduced or translated into another
language without the prior written consent of Hirschmann.
Explanation of warning and note symbols
WARNING: Indicates that ignorance or neglicence of the recommended
cautionary measures may lead to personal injuries or
device damage.
ATTENTION: Indicates that ignorance or neglicence of the recommended
cautionary measures may lead to device damage.
NOTE: Useful tips and information on practical application.
Introduction
IRD 8500/..
1 - 2 Intergrated Receiver Decoder
Safety notes
WARNING: Improper use of electrical devices may result in electrical shocks !
ATTENTION: The IRD 8500/.. must be connected only to grounded mains !
ATTENTION: The mains cable must not be exposed to mechanical stress !
ATTENTION: The mains cable must be disconnected from the IRD 8500/.., if:
- the cable or the plug was damaged.
- a liquid was spilled onto the device
- the cabinet was damaged
Introduction
IRD 8500/..
Intergrated Receiver Decoder 1 - 3
Explanation to digital TV broadcasting technique
General
Objective With the help of data reduction by means of minimizing redundant moving picture in-
formation as well as flexible organisation of the signal quality, transmission capacity
shall be increased.
Realization First picture and sound data are reduced. Out of the compressed data streams a multi-
plex data stream is composed together with additional information (e.g. teletext).
The necessary methods for that are defined in the MPEG-2. For the additional infor-
mation only the syntactic frame is defined here. Which kind of data and in which way
data are to be integrated into the multiplex data stream is layed down by the European
DVP-project.
For decoding a high transmission quality and an approximative zero bit error rate must
be guaranteed. For digital modulation methods QPSK and QAM channel coding is
used. Through these methods a certain amount of bit errors can be corrected on the
receiver side.
The procedures for coding and transmission are defined by the European DVP-project.
MPEG-2 The MPEG-2 standard (ISO/IEC 13818) set up by the MPEG standardization commit-
tee regulates the coding of moving pictures and the accompanying sound.
DVB In addition to the transmission procedures defined by the MPEG-2 standard, the Euro-
pean DVB-project (Digital Video Broadcasting) has layed down a number of definitions
which were forwarded to the organisations ETSI / CENELEC for standardization.
MPEG-decoding For decoding the MPEG data stream several steps are necessary.
For that different elements out of the data stream are used. ( see picture 1)
Introduction
IRD 8500/..
1 - 4 Intergrated Receiver Decoder
Transportstream Synchronisation
Reading out the Transportstream
Sync Byte 0x47
Program Specific Information
(PSI)
Selecting a program Packet Identifikation (PID)
Decoding Conditional Access Table (CAT)
Synchronisation Program
(VIDEO / AUDIO) Programm Clock Reference (PCR)
Time stamps (PTS + DTS)
Decoding additional data Service Information (SI)
Transport stream
synchronization
The transport stream packet consists of different substream data packets. The data
packets are transmitted with a length of 188 bytes. At the beginning of each packet is
the sync-byte (0x47). Because this value is not exclusively reserved for the sync-byte,
the repetetive occurrence of the sync-byte every 188 bytes has to be checked too to
ensure stable synchronization.
Packet identifying To identify the individual packets there is a Packet Identity (PID) contained at the be-
ginning of each packet (after the sync-byte). Each substream
(e.g. video, audio) gets its own PID. Some PIDs are assigned automatically and can-
not be changed. (e.g.: PAT, CAT , .. siehe table 1)
Structure of the transport
stream
Normally a transport stream contains several programs. Each of this program contains
again a number of different substreams (elementary streams).
Program access With the help of the information about the structure of a transport stream the required
program can be selected for decoding. If a program contains different equivalent ele-
mentary streams (e.g. different languages), the respective selection has to be made,
too. The selected elementary stream packets, which were detected by PID ,are passed
on from the demultiplexer to the decoder.
Decoding The encoding of the received data can take place on various levels.
The entire transport stream or elementary streams (Packetized Elementary Streams
PES ) can be encoded. The header information of the transport stream always stays
uncoded, the header information of the PES is also encoded when the entire transport
stream is encoded.
The data necessary for decoding are transmitted in the Entitlement Control Messages
(ECM) and in the Entitlement Management Messages (EMM).
The ECMs also contain the necessary keycodes and the EMMs also contain the ac-
cess codes for the receiver.
Program
synchronization
A program consists of several elementary streams. To synchronize the decoding of the
individual elementary streams a common reference is necessary.
For that a Program Clock Reference (PCR) is included in each elementary stream.
This information is contained in the Adaption Field, which is also transmitted in a cycle
of max. 100ms. The Adaption Field always stays uncoded.
The information derived from the PCR-data is used to control the 27 MHz system
clock of the receiver. In this way the synchronization of multiplexer and demultiplexer
is ensured.
For syncronizing the elementary streams additional time reference values, Decoding
Time Stamps (DTS) and Presentation Time Stamps (PTS) are contained in the ele-
mentary streams.
Introduction
IRD 8500/..
Intergrated Receiver Decoder 1 - 5
Data tables On the one hand, the tables are defined in the MPEG-2 standard and on the other
hand, they are specified from the DVB-project.
MPEG Program Specific Information (PSI):
PAT Program Association Table, contains information about the programs
in the transport stream.
PMT Program Map Table, contains information about the elementary
streams belonging to the program.
DVB Service Information (SI):
CAT Conditional Access Table, contains the necessary information for the
CA-module for decoding coded programs.
NIT Network Information Table, contains information about the included
programmes (e.g. frequency, modulation type, ...) of the distribution network
and the name of the distribution network.
SDT Service Description Table, describes the available programmes and
services of the distribution network.
EIT Event Information Table, an electronic TV-guide with identification of
programme start and age classification.
RST Running Status Table, contains status information about the individual
programmes.
TDT Time and Date Table, contains information about the current date and time
(UTC).
TOT Time Offset Table, contains information about the local date- and time-shift.
ST Stuffing Table, without content, is created when overwriting invalid tables.
BAT Bouquet Association Table, informs about the different programs of the
provider independent from the broadcasting area.
The PIDs of the tables are pre-assigned. the only exeption are the PMTs, whose PIDs
are defined in the PAT. To transmit different tables with one PID, each table contains
a Table_ID at the beginning.
Table PID Table_ID
PAT 0x0000 0x00
PMT 0x0020...0x1FFE 0x02
CAT 0x0001 0x01
NIT 0x0010 0x40...0x41
BAT 0x0011 0x4A
SDT 0x0011 0x42, 0x46
EIT 0x0012 0x4E...0x6F
RST 0x0013 0x71
TDT 0x0014 0x70
TOT 0x0014 0x73
ST 0x0010...0x0014 0x72
Introduction
IRD 8500/..
1 - 6 Intergrated Receiver Decoder
Definitions
MPEG Moving Pictures Experts Group: A standardization committee, whose task is the enco-
ding of moving pictures and sound information. Developed the basic standards for data
reduction. ( MPEG-1... MPEG-4 )
DVB Digital Video Broadcast: For digital broadcasting of TV-signals additional standards for
transmitting of MPEG-signals were defined.
Symbol rate Data rate of the applied digital signal on the input. For correct decoding the data rate
is to be set on the receiver.
Code rate According to the selected transmission path encoding is applied to ensure correct
transmission of the data signal. The code rate corresponds to the ratio between useful
data and total amount of data. The more additional data is transmitted, the better the
original useful signal can be restored in case of a transmission failure.
BER Bit Error Rate: The BER is measured by means of the Viterbi decoder. The BER
shows the ratio between the correctly received bits and the incorrect bits. For correct
processing of moving pictures the BER should not exceed a value of 1x10-5.
Multiplex Several Packetized Elementary Streams (PES) are multiplexed into a transportstream
(acc. to time-multiplex for MPEG2/Packetgeneration). A single PES contains the video,
audio and data information of a single programme.
The length of the transmitted packets are 188 or 204 bytes. In order to be able to
re-assign the individual packets on the receiver side, the packets are provided with a
programme identification.
C/N Carrier to Noise: Carrier to noise ratio of the input signal. For digital signals this value
includes the thermic noise and other distortions of the signal.
(e.g. intermodulation, phase-jitter, ...). It is very difficult to measure this value, it is cal-
culated back from the necessary correction expense.
In order to enable correct processing of moving pictures the C/N-ratio in connection
with the code rate of the input signal should achieve a BER smaller than 1x10-5
TS identifier Transport Stream identifikation: Each MPEG-transport stream has a unique descriptor.
This descriptor identifies a transport stream independently of transmission path and
frequency.
Demux state Demultiplexer status. The demultiplexer must adapt its signal processing clock to the
clock rate of the input signal. The necessary information for this is derived from the
MPEG-input signal. After successful syncronization the message “sync ok” occurs.
Introduction
IRD 8500/..
Intergrated Receiver Decoder 1 - 7
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