Casio FX-9750G Manual de usuario

Graphing

A collection of versatile graphing tools plus a large 127 ×63-dot

display makes it easy to draw a variety of function graphs quickly

and easily. This calculator is capable of drawing the following types

of graphs.

• Rectangular coordinate (Y =) graphs

• Polar coordinate (r=) graphs

• Parametric graphs

• X = constant graphs

• Inequality graphs

• Integration graphs (in the RUN mode only)

Aselection of graph commands also makes it possible to incorpo-

rate graphing into programs.

8-1 Before Trying to Draw a Graph

8-2 View Window (V-Window) Settings

8-3 Graph Function Operations

8-4 Graph Memory

8-5 Drawing Graphs Manually

8-6 Other Graphing Functions

8-7 Picture Memory

8-8 Graph Background

Chapter

126

8-1 Before Trying to Draw a Graph

kEntering the Graph Mode

On the Main Menu, select the GRAPH icon and enter the GRAPH Mode. When you

do, the Graph Function menu appears on the display. You can use this menu to store,

edit, and recall functions and to draw their graphs.

1(SEL)........ Draw/non-draw status

2(DEL) ....... Graph delete

3(TYPE) ..... Graph Type Menu

5(GMEM) ... Graph memory save/recall

6(DRAW).... Draws graph

Memory area

Use

and

to change selection.

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127

8-2 View Window (V-Window) Settings

Use the View Window to specify the range of the x-and y-axes, and to set the spac-

ing between the increments on each axis. You should always set the View Window

parameters you want to use before drawing a graph. Press !3to display the

View Window.

1. Press !3 to display the View Window.

!3(V-Window)

1(INIT)........ View Window initial settings

2(TRIG)...... View Window initial settings using specified angle unit

3(STD) ....... Standardized View Window settings

4(STO) ....... Store View Window settings to View Window memory.

5(RCL) ....... Recall View Window settings from View Window memory.

X min .............. Minimum x-axis value

X max ............. Maximum x-axis value

X scale ........... Spacing of x-axis increments

Y min .............. Minimum y-axis value

Y max ............. Maximum y-axis value

Y scale ........... Spacing of y-axis increments

The following illustration shows the meaning of each of these parameters.

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P.129

P.130

X min X scale

Y min

Y max

X max

Y scale

(x, y)

128

2. Input a value for a parameter and press w. The calculator automatically selects

the next parameter for input.

• You can also select a parameter using the cand fkeys.

• There are actually nine View Window parameters. The remaining three param-

eters appear on the display when you move the highlighting down past the Y

scale parameter by inputting values and pressing c.

min .......... T,

minimum values

max......... T,

maximum values

pitch ........ T,

pitch

The following illustration shows the meaning of each of these parameters.

3. To exit the View Window, press Jor !Q.

• Pressing wwithout inputting any value also exits the View Window.

• The following is the input range for View Window parameters.

–9.9999E+97 to 9.99999E+97

• You can input parameter values up to 14 digits long. Values greater than 107or

less than 10-2, are automatically converted to a 7-digit mantissa (including nega-

tive sign) plus a 2-digit exponent.

• The only keys that enabled while the View Window is on the display are: ato

j, ., E, -, f, c, d, e, +, -, *, /, (, ), !7,

J, !Q.You can use -or -to input negative values.

• The existing value remains unchanged if you input a value outside the allow-

able range or in the case of illegal input (negative sign only without a value).

• Inputting a View Window range so the min value is greater than the max value,

the axis is inverted.

• You can input expressions (such as 2π) as View Window parameters.

• When the View Window setting does not allow display of the axes, the scale for

they-axis is indicated on either the left or right edge of the display, while that for

the x-axis is indicated on either the top or bottom edge.

8 - 2 View Window (V-Window) Settings

)

(

X, Y

)

min

max

pitch

129

• When View Window values are changed, the graph display is cleared and the

newly set axes only are displayed.

• View Window setting may cause irregular scale spacing.

• Setting maximum and minimum values that create too wide of a View Window

range can result in a graph made up of disconnected lines (because portions of

the graph run off the screen), or in graphs that are inaccurate.

• The point of deflection sometimes exceeds the capabilities of the display with

graphs that change drastically as they approach the point of deflection.

• Setting maximum and minimum values that create to narrow of a View Window

range can result in an error (Ma ERROR).

kInitializing and Standardizing the View Window

uTo initialize the View Window

a. Press !3 (V-Window) 1(INIT) to initialize the View Window to the following

settings.

Xmin = –6.3 Ymin = –3.1

Xmax = 6.3 Ymax = 3.1

Xscale = 1 Yscale = 1

b. Press !3(V-Window) 2(TRIG) to initialize the View Window to the follow-

ing settings.

Deg Mode

Xmin = –540 Ymin = –1.6

Xmax = 540 Ymax = 1.6

Xscale = 90 Yscale = 0.5

Rad Mode

Xmin = –9.4247779

Xmax = 9.42477796

Xscale = 1.57079632

Gra Mode

Xmin = –600

Xmax = 600

Xscale = 100

• The settings for Y min, Y max, Y pitch, T/

min, T/

max, and T/

pitch remain

unchanged when you press 2(TRIG).

View Window (V-Window) Settings 8 - 2

130

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8 - 2 View Window (V-Window) Settings

uTo standardize the View Window

Press !3 (V-Window) 3(STD) to standardize the View Window to the follow-

ing settings.

Xmin = –10 Ymin = –10

Xmax = 10 Ymax = 10

Xscale = 1 Yscale = 1

kView Window Memory

You can store up to six sets of View Window settings in View Window memory for

recall when you need them.

uTo save View Window settings

Example To save the following View Window settings :

Xmin = –5 Ymin = –5

Xmax = 5 Ymax = 5

Xscale = 1 Yscale = 1

4(STO)

1(V·W1)

• Storing View Window settings in a memory area (V·W1 through V·W6) that al-

ready contains settings replaces the existing settings with the new ones.

uTo recall View Window settings

Example To recall the View Window settings in V·W1

5(RCL)

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131

1(V·W1)

• Recalling View Window settings causes the settings currently on the display to be

deleted.

• You can change View Window settings in a program using the following syntax.

View Window [X min value], [X max value], [X scale value],

[Ymin value], [Y max value], [Y scale value],

[T,

min value], [T,

max value], [T,

pitch value]

View Window (V-Window) Settings 8 - 2

132

8-3 Graph Function Operations

You can store up to 20 functions in memory. Functions in memory can be edited,

recalled, and graphed. The types of functions that can be stored in memory are:

rectangular coordinate functions, polar coordinate functions, parametric functions,

inequalities, and X = constant expressions.

kSpecifying the Graph Type

Before you can store a graph function in memory, you must first specify its graph

type.

1. While the Graph Function Menu is on the display, press 3(TYPE) to display a

GraphType Menu.

3(TYPE)

1(Y =) ......... Rectangular coordinate

graph

2(r=).......... Polar coordinate graph

3(Parm)...... Parametric graph

4(X = c) ...... X = constant graph

6(g) ........... Next menu

6(g)

1(Y >) ......... Y > f

(x) inequality

2(Y <) ......... Y < f

(x) inequality

3(Y ≥) ......... Y >f

(x) inequality

4(Y ≤) ......... Y <f

(x) inequality

6(g) ........... Previous menu

2. Press the function key that corresponds to the graph type you want to specify.

kStoring Graph Functions

uTo store a rectangular coordinate function (Y =)

Example To store the following expression in memory area Y1 :

y= 2 x2– 5

3(TYPE)1(Y =)

(Specifies rectangular coordinate

expression.)

cvx-f

(Inputs expression.)

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133

(Stores expression.)

• You will not be able to store the expression in an area that already contains a

parametric function. Select another area to store your expression or delete the

existing parametric function first. This also applies when storing r= expressions,

X = constant expressions, and ineqalities.

uTo store a polar coordinate function (r=)

Example To store the following expression in memory area r2 :

r= 5 sin 3

3(TYPE)2(r=)

(Specifies polar coordinate expression.)

fsdv

(Inputs expression.)

(Stores expression.)

uTo store a parametric function

Example To store the following functions in memory areas Xt3 and Yt3 :

x= 3 sin T

y= 3 cos T

3(TYPE)3(Parm)

(Specifies parametric expression.)

dsvw

(Inputs and stores xexpression.)

dcvw

(Inputs and stores yexpression.)

• You will not be able to store the expression in an area that already contains a

rectangular coordinate expression, polar coordinate expression, X = constant

expression or inequality. Select another area to store your expression or delete

the existing expression first.

Graph Function Operations 8 - 3

134

8 - 3 Graph Function Operations

uTo store an X = constant expression

Example To store the following expression in memory area X4 :

X = 3

3(TYPE)4(X = c)

(Specifies X = constant expression.)

(Inputs expression.)

(Stores expression.)

• Inputting X, Y, T, r, or

for the constant in the above procedures causes an error

(Syn ERROR).

uTo store an inequality

Example To store the following inequality in memory area Y5 :

y> x2– 2x– 6

3(TYPE)6(g)1(Y>)

(Specifies an inequality.)

vx-cv-g

(Inputs expression.)

(Stores expression.)

kEditing Functions in Memory

uTo edit a function in memory

Example To change the expression in memory area Y1 from y= 2x2– 5

to y= 2x2– 3

(Displays cursor.)

eeeed

(Changes contents.)

(Stores new graph function.)

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