BERKSHIRE PRODUCTS 2010 Manual de usuario
Wireless Current Sensor
User Manual
PN: 2010
Berkshire Products, Inc.
Phone: 770-271-0088
http://www.bkp-store.com/
Rev: 1.10
© Copyright 201 -2016
Wireless Current Sensor User Manual
Table of Contents
1 Introduction..................................................................................................................2
1.1 XB compatibility.................................................................................................2
2 Making Connections and Jumper Settings..................................................................
2.1 AD/DC Power Input Jumper – J6 or J9...............................................................
2.2 AC/DC Current Sensing– J1, J , & J4................................................................4
2. Current Sense Terminal – J5................................................................................4
2.4 Unstuffed Headers – J2, J2, & J8.........................................................................4
Theory of Operation and Configuration......................................................................5
.1 Input Sense Circuit..............................................................................................5
.2 Conditioning circuit.............................................................................................5
. Comparator section..............................................................................................5
.4 Circuit Setup........................................................................................................6
.5 An Example.........................................................................................................6
4 Configuring the XBee Radio.......................................................................................7
4.1 Starting X-CTU...................................................................................................8
4.2 Configuring the Networking................................................................................9
4. Configuring the Addressing...............................................................................10
4.4 Configuring the Serial Interfacing.....................................................................11
4.5 Configuring I/O Settings....................................................................................12
4.6 Configuring I/O Sampling.................................................................................1
5 Schematic Diagram....................................................................................................14
6 PCB Mechanical........................................................................................................15
7 Appendix A – Specifications.....................................................................................16
8 Appendix B - Warranty..............................................................................................17
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Wireless Current Sensor User Manual
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1. Introduction
The Wireless Current sensor is designed to measure AD or DC currents up to 5 Amps at a
maximum of 6V. It is designed to sense positive or negative AC current levels or high /
low DC current levels and use the set points to trigger an XBee wireless module to send a
notification.
1.1 XB compatibility
The Wireless Current Sensor can be used with XBee1 radio modules to allow remote
communications and control. Xbees are designed to use very little power except when the
radios are transmitting data.
The board can be used with the following types of XBee & XBeePro radios in Series 1 &
2 footprints:
DigiMesh2 2.4G
DigiMesh2 900MHz
802.15.4
900MHz
868MHz
Zigbee
WiFi
For best results we recommend that you use XBee radios with the RP-SMA antenna
connector or the mini whip antenna. These will experience the least interference from the
copper areas on the PCB. The XBee radios with chip and PCB antennas will still work
but their range may be reduced.
Note 1: XBee is a registered trademark of Digi International Inc.
Note 2: DigiMesh is a registered trademark of Digi International Inc.
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2. Making Connections and umper Settings
Refer to following PCB diagram for component placement.
Figure 2-1
2.1 AD/DC Power Input Jumper – J6 or J9
The board can accept DC or AC power input. This can be with stripped wires connected
to the screw terminal at J9 or the 2.1mm power connector J6 (see Figure 2 -1). The DC
supply is not polarity sensitive since the board has a bridge rectifier on the input. DC
power is the preferred input type if available.
Note: Do not exceed + 2V supply input to the board! You can measure the input voltage
at TP1 and GND (Pin or 4 on J8).
The power supply must able to source enough current to power the board and the XBee
radio in TX mode. This will typically be up to 500mA (0.5A) for the higher powered
XBee radios. The input pre-regulator on the board is an 80% switcher supplying +5V
volts so your input supply needs to provide about .1W. If you have a +12V supply then
it should be rated at 250mA minimum.
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2.2 AC/DC Current ensing– J1, J3, & J4
The circuit is designed to sense AC or DC currents. More information will be supplied in
the theory of operation section. For now note that these three jumpers should all be in the
same position as follows:
Pin 1-2: – Select AC operation
Pin 2- : – Select DC operation
2.3 Current ense Terminal – J5
This two position screw terminal is used to sense the current. Notice that the top pin is
labeled S+ and the other is S-. These are the required polarity connections when you are
using DC sensing. For AC connections it does not matter.
1. Note: Do not try to measure currents higher that 5 Amps or voltages greater than
6 Volts. The board is not designed for operation above these levels.
2.4 Unstuffed Headers – J2, J2, & J8
These headers are not stuffed on the board and leave you the option of stuffing headers or
receptacles on 0.100” centers. J2 and J7 are connected one-to-one with the XBee pins
and J8 gives access to +5V, + . V, and GND. See the schematic diagram for more
information.
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3. Theory of Operation and Configuration
Before we start we need to make one thing clear: this is not a precision scientific
instrument. It is designed to allow you to measure / sense currents and report the results
wirelessly.
3.1 Input ense Circuit
The heart of input section of the circuit is the current sense IC made by Allegro: Part
Number CS712. When the current thru the chip is zero amps the output on pin 7 is a
nominal 2.5V. As the current swings plus or minus, the output voltage changes at a rate of
185mV per Amp. Since this is a 5 Amp sensor the output can vary a total of ±925mV
(0.925V).
3.2 Conditioning circuit
Two OP-Amps (U1 & U7) make up the AC/DC conditioning circuit. When the jumpers
(J1, J3, & J4) are in the AC position, the output of U1 is set to be about 1.650V at zero
current. Its amplification is set so that full scale plus/minus current (±5A) will range from
0.1 5V to .185V. When the jumpers (J1, J3, & J4) are in the DC position, the output of
U1 is set to be about 0.050V at zero current and .245V at the maximum current of 5A.
The output of U1 is connected to an analog XBee pin so you can set the XBee for timed
sample rate reporting.
OP-Amp U4B is used to buffer the output of U1 for the comparator section.
3.3 Comparator section
The output of U4B drives the two comparators in U2 through Schottky isolation diodes in
D1. Comparator U2 is set to go high (+ . V) if the AC current (positive swing) or DC
current exceeds a certain level. Trim pot R15 sets the current level for the trigger point
and trim pot R18 sets the decay time along with R19 and C8.
Comparator U2B is set to go high (+ . V) if the AC current (negative swing) or DC
current (low) exceeds a certain level. Trim pot R7 sets the current level for the trigger and
trim pot R3 sets the decay time along with R5 and C5.
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3.4 Circuit etup
On the XBee radio you need to program the digital inputs DIO1 and/or DIO2 to Change
Detect mode to report the comparator changes as required. You can disable the low side
comparator, U2B via XBee programming or by using R7 to set the voltage at pin 6 of
U2B to 0.0V.
You should set the decay trim pots R3 and R18 such that the decay is not too fast. If it is
too fast you will get a pulsing DC signal at the comparator pins which will cause the
output to generate multiple triggers to the XBee radio. Note that R5 and R19 (10K Ohm)
are in the circuit to prevent short circuits if you reduce the trim pots to zero Ohms. In
most cases the decay trim pots can most likely be set at their maximum clockwise
position. Note that these are 10 turn pots.
C5 & C8 are 1.0µF - 5% tolerance parts in 1206 packages. They can be increased easily
by soldering additional capacitors to them in parallel if you need longer decay times.
3.5 An Example
Let’s say you want to trigger when AC current hits 2A. Set your jumpers J1, J3 & J4 to
the AC position (pins 1-2). At this point you know the nominal output of U4B will be
1.65 volts and the maximum swing is .185V. That gives the following equation:
Vtrip = 1.650V + (2 * (( .185 – 1.650) / 5)) => +2.265V
At that current the voltage at the sense pin of U2 will be 2.265V minus the voltage
across the diode in D1 (about 0.15V*) or about 2.115V. In order to provide some margin
and make sure that the pulsed DC does not cause multiple triggers; you might start with
setting the voltage level at pin 2 of U2 to about 2.00 to 2.05V.
* The voltage drop in Schottky diodes is very low at low currents.
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4. Configuring the XBee Radio
The examples shown here use an XBee 2.4G DigiMesh version with Digi’s X-CTU
software which is free and available from Digi International (www.digi.com). To program
the radios we use the UARTSBee V4 device which provides power and a USB UART
connection to the PC. They are available from Amazon (www.amazon.com) and other
sources and look similar to this picture:
Figure 4-2
These devices are also useful for connecting to your PC to use as the “base station” to
talk back and forth with the remote I/O module’s XBee radio.
Note: Be aware that this board may not be able to supply enough power for an XBee Pro
type radio if you plug it into a USB hub.
Note: When the device is first plugged in you may get an alert from your PC that it needs
to install drivers for a new device. The UARTSBee uses the FTDI chip for USB to Serial
conversion and most PCs have these drivers pre-installed. If yours doesn’t, go to
www.ftdi-chip.com to get the latest ones for your PC and OS.
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4.1 tarting X-CTU
When you start X-CTU you should see a screen like the following:
Figure 4-3
In this example the USB → Serial was on COM4. The baud rate should be 9600 to start
with, since that is how the XBees are shipped from Digi. Click the Test / Query button to
see if the XBee is active. If so, you should get a window like this:
Figure 4-4
Is this case the test was OK. It found an XB24 or a 2.4G DigiMesh. If it had been the
higher power Pro it would have been XBP24. The firmware version is shown along with
its serial number (IEEE Address) which is HEX: 001 A200 40870B85. The address is
always 8 Bytes (64 bits) and leading zeros are not shown. Most Digi XBees start with
001 A200. It is also shown on the label on the bottom of the module.
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