Allied Radio KNIGHT VTVM Manual de usuario

THEKNIGHT

vTvi

AtLI

RADIO

IOO N. WESTERN AVE.. CHTCAGO SO, tLL. HAYMARK€T t-6eoo

HOWTOREADCOI.OR

(ODT

OlIRTSISIORS

A}IDCOIIDE}ISTRS

All carbon resistorsare produced and color<od.d under standardsset by ihe RTMA {Radio and TelevisionManu-

facturers'Association).Undcr thesestandardsthe useris assurd of a wide rangc of valu€s

atrd of a univenal color-

coding systemthat permits casy idrntification of any carbon r*tor. To detemine the value of a resistor,hold it

with the colorcd bandsreadinefron the left end. as illustrated.and refer to the chart.

BANDA BANDB BANDC IAND D

Color Color Color

Eloct

Gr.y

slock

R.d

8lu.

Blo.t

R.d

Bluc

Gold

Silv.r

xt0

xl00

xt.000

xt0,000

xr00,000

X |0Million

- r0

_ t00

Silv.r ):20%

+ t0%

Thc first band (A) shows

the firlt 6gure of the resistor

value, the secondband (B) showsth€ second6gure,the thi.d

band (C) iDdicatcsthe number of zerosto add. The fourth band (D), which js not included on all resiston,mrrely

indicatcstolcran.c: silver for a (plus or minus) l0%, gold fot t 5%. lf the (D) band is omitted, thc tol.ran(c

n :! 20/..

Hereisanexamplc:BandA yellow,

bandB violet,

bandC yellow,

bandD silver: (4) (7) (X10,000)(110%)

or 470,000

ohms,i l0% tolerance.

Mica condrnsen arc frequently color-.oded. The colored dots havethc sane figure meaning asfor resistors

(that is,

black is 0, brown is l, elc.) but the.e are three systemsfor reading thc complete values.

OLD RMA SIX

DOTSYSTEM RTMA

PROPOSED

ANDJAN-C-5

THREE

DOT SYSTEM

ooo

Enti,eConrenhCoptrighr6d 1956,

b),ALIIEDiADIO CORP, p'i{sd ii U.S,A.

SPECIFICATIONS

Ranses-.........-...-.....-..-.-.C€nter

scaleat 10 with

multiptiersXl,Xl0,

x 100,x 1000,

x 10K,

X 100K,X 1Mes.

PrintedCirGuill

Tube Complemenl:

Bortery:

Ranaes............-...... .... 1.5,

5, 15,50, 150,

500,

and 1500volts full scale.

Input Resistance ..........11Megohms (1 Megohm

in probe) on all ranges.

Circr1it....-...-..... ... Push -Pull batanced

bridge with 12AU7 t\rin

triode.

Accuracy ..... ... 13% full scale.

RMS Ran9es..................-1.5, 5, 15, 50, 150, 500,

1500 volts full scale.

Accuracy.............-.............15t;futl scale,

Peak-to-PeakRanges.....4,14,40,140,400,1400,

4000 volts.

4Y." 200aA mov€m€nt.

1% pr€cision

type.

Copperetchedotr lami

12AU7,

twin triode me-

6AL5, twin diode fuu

105-125volts,50-60cy-

clesAC.

1.5

volt "C" battery.

voltage, rcsistance,and AC voltage after rectification

by the fullwave rectifier. \

The meter employed

is an €xtremely stable,sensitive

200 microampere movement. The muttipliers are 1%

precision

type. Overall accuracjr

of tl1eDC functions is

13% of full scalereadins, and :!5% on AC functions.

A wide choice

of measurements

is provided arvDa you

seven ranses on DC, AC, and resistance. Bot}l RMS

and peak-to-peakAC voltages may b€ measurcd.

Your KNIGHT VTVM, through the useof the print-

cd circuit. saves

a greal d"at of t,dious wiring, as;ures

you ot a finisl'ed,nstrument

which compsres

closety

lo rhe original ensinFerina

modet,

ana irov:aes yoir

wrth an instl.ment \ orlh manv limes

irs low cost.

Before startina to build your KNIGHT VTVM,

check each palt against the Palts List on page 23. If

you are unableto identify someof the parts by sight,

locate them on the pictorial diagrams. Capacitor and

r€sistor values,if not printed on the part, canbe found

with the aid of the color codechat.

Hardware is listed in the last part of the parts List.

To keep our kits at the lowest possiblepdce, we frc,

quently weigh hardware raiher than to count it.

Therefore, do not be concerned if more nuts anar

machine screws, for example, are supplied than are

specified in the Parts List.

The only tools required for buildins your KNIGHT

VTVM are: Long-nosepliels, diasoral cutters, screw-

driver,

sei-scrF$d.ivcr. rnd a 50-wa||soldering

iron.

You may want to use a larger iron for soldedna the

contacts other than the pdnted circuit, but DO NOT

USE AN IRON LARGER THAN 50 WATTS FOR

MAKING THE SOLDER CONNECTIONS ON TIIE

PRINTED CIRCUIT. A good set of tools is listed at

t]le erd of tlje Parts List.

Study the pictorial diasrams and notehow the palts

are mounted.These

pictorial diagrams showthe actuat

location of all parts and wirirs. The schematic dia-

gram shows how the parts are cormect€d electrica.lly

aDd is helpful in understanding how Urc circuitg work.

The step-by-Etepinstructions wer€ prepaled by a

skilled techDicianwhite he was actually building the

KNIGHT VTVM. Therefore, they are the best and

fastest way of assembling this instrum€nt. We suggest

that you read throuah the instructions b€fore building

the VTVM. This will €nable you to Jamiliarize yourseu

with the proc€du.e and avoid possible erroru. We

invite you to use the blank parentheses,( ), beforc

eachstep to check it off ajter you have completedit.

Each step is clearly illustraLedon an accompanying

line drawing. Somebuilders prefer to "cross out" each

wire and component on the drawings with a colored

pencil after it is instaUed.While an excellent way to

avoid mistakes, atrd hiAhly recommendedby us, this

procedure .esults in drawinAs that are difficult to re-

use.Fo! this reasor eachwiring view is reproducedon

a sepamte,folded sheetof paper.

You arenowreadyto build your KNIGHT VTVM.

HOW TO BUITDTHE

KNIGHT

VTVM

Your KNIGHT VTVM usesa p nted circuit which

assuresyou that the VTVM will be an accurate, reti

abletest instrument regardlessof age.A sheetof cop-

per is bondedto a sheet of phenolic.When the wiring

pattern has been determined, the unused portion of

the coppe. sh€et is etched off leaviDgan exact dupli-

cation of the enginee ng prototype. Exact duplication

is one of the Areatest advantages of pdnted circuits,

and pr€vents variation in wiring aDd performance

from instrument to instrument.

Your KNIGHT VTVM is ait eiectronic. That is, the

bridge ci.cuit is used for every measurement of DC

PIII JACX OETAIL

10K

t(-za

OHMS

ADJ

10K

ZERO

ADJ

5@,,o

<b-s

FIGUREI. MOUNTING

THEPARTS

ON TflEPANEI.

MOUNTINGTHE

Before you begin mounting t]le parts, place a pad

or a soft cloth on your work table to protect the finish

on the front panel.

SEEFIGURESI AND 2

( ) Insert the Ehort flat head screw throush the hole

in the top center of the panel. Placean extenal

iockwasher over the screw. Next put one of the

cable clampsove. the screw. Now, put on an in'

temal lockwasher and tighten a nut over it very

securely. SeeFiFrre 2.

S *ut

rnr€RflaL

Locxw

sHaR

@CABINET

MOUNIING

CLIP

<-€>i1{cAB.E cLAMp)

YFJ

ETTERNAL

LOCT*ASHER

€D

$..o, ".o0."".*

FIGURE2. HOWTOASSEI,ISLETHECABINETCLAMP

( ) MountR-25,

10KohmsOHMSADJUSTpotenti-

omete.,

in thelalAe

hole

in theleft centerof the

paDel.Use two nuts to hoDnt this coDtlol as

showtrin Eigure3.

PARTs

ON THEPANEI"

( ) Mount J-3, the black pin jack, ir the lower right

corner of the parcl in the

( ) Mount J-2, the chassis connecto. in tte lart€

hole in the lower center of the panel. This con-

nector is supplied with a shoulderedfiber wash-

er. Take this vasher off and throw it away.

Place the flat fib€r washer over the sma-ll

threaded end of the conn€ctor. Scnpe the paint

from around this hol€ on the .ear of the parcl.

Insert the small thr€aded end t}lloush the hole

in the panel. Place the solder lua and the flat

metal washer on the connector and tiahten the

rut securely. SeeFigure 4.

WIRINGAND SOLDERING

HINIS

How well a pieceof electronic equipm€nt works of-

t€n deperdson the quality of workmanship usedin it!

construction. It is for this reason that the following

sugge6tions

are made. Thesehints are mainly for the

besinDer, however, even experienced persons mav

beDefit from a brief review.

FIGURE4. HOW TO MOUNTTHE

CHASSISCONNECTOR

( ) Mount S-1,the lons triple wafer RANGE switch

i! the hole in the lower left corner of the panet.

The long contact on the endwsfer must be posi-

tioned as shown in Figure 1. Th€ blank spaceon

the wafer near the shaft end must be toward

J-1. Use a larse nut and a lockwasher on tbe

inside of the panel. Fasten it securely witb

another la.ge nut. Place a large knob on th€

shaft. Be sure the line on the knob lines up ex-

actty with the printed dots on the panel. ff not,

rotate S-1so the scaleon the panel and the lir€

otr the knob cor?*pond.

( ) Mouni S-2, the other tdpie waler FUNCIION

switch, in the other hole on the riaht of the

panel. Us€another large nut and Iockwasher ir-

sidet}Ie panel. Usea large nut outside the pan€1.

Again place

a knob on the shaft alld be Bure

that

the line on the knob lines up with the scale on

You hav€ finished mounting the parts oD the pan€I

until aft€r the switches are wired.

/zcoNrRoL

FIGURE3. HOW TO MOUNTA CONTROL

( ) Mount R-27, 10K ohm ZERO ADJUST potenti-

ometer, in the large hole in the right center of

the panel, in the same manner.

( ) Mount the pilot liAht socket betveen R-25 and

R-27. The bracket must be lositioned as shown

in Figure 1.

( ) Mount J-1, the red pin jack, in the lower left

corner of t]1e panel. Use a shoutilered liber

washer on the inside oI the panel to insulate the

jack f.om the panel. Now, tighten a nut against

the washer- Refer to the pin jack detail in the

upper left comer of Figure 1.

FRONT

PANEL

The insulated wire furnish€d wit}1this kit is cut to

lensth and th€ ends are st pped. Each different col-

ored wire is a different lensth, ther€fore, be sure to

usethe color specifiedin eachof the wiring steps

A lotrg piece

of bare wire is inctuded.

whenever it is

necessa.y to use some of it, the exact letrgth of the

pi€cer€quir€d is given.

The flexible tubing Eupplied is called "spash€tu".

SpaAhetti 's us€d to cover the bare end leads of some

of the components and portions of some of tbe bare

wi.es when there is danger they will touch oth€r bare

wires or the chassis.

The proper way to conn€cta wire or lead to a solder

terminal is shown in Figure 5. To insure a good me-

chanical connection,

squeeze

the wire agarnst tbe ter-

minal wit]l your long nose pliers after it has been

hook€d on. Make sure the wires, leads, and terminals

are cleanbefore connectins them. If necessarv,

s€rape

them witli a pocket knife until any foreiAn substance,

such as wax, is removed.Be extremely careful not to

nick the wirc with the knife, or it may brcak wh€D it

B€foresoldelinA,thetip of yoursolderingironmust

beprop€rlytinned.To do this, cleanthe surfaces

the tip with Bteelwool,or a fine file, until the bright

copp€rsurface is exposed.Plug the iron in ard allow

it to heat until it melts solder. Apply solder to the tip

until it is weu cove.ed with a thiD coat. Wipe off the

excess solder with a ra8. The tip should now be

"shiny". Re-tintle tip whenever

it becom€g

covered

with a layerof scale

(flakes

of gray matte.).

FIGURE5. HOW TO CONNECIA WIRE

IO A TERMINAL

Unless otherwise stated, all the leads or the resis-

to.s, capacitorE,and tmnsformer should be ar short

as possible. Figure 6 illustrates the b€st way to con-

nect a component. As shown, the end leadsshould be

pulled through the ternimls so ti.Iat the parts are

tiAhtly mounted. After a lead is pulled tl.ougb a

teminal, bend it amund t]Ie termiml and cut off the

USEONI.Y

ROSINCORESOLDER

IF YOUAREIN DOUETABOUTTHESOLDER

YOU

/VIAY

ALREADYHAVE,WE RECOA,TMENDTHATYOU

OBTAIN

A NEW ROLIPLAINLYMARKED:

"ROSIN

CORE50LDER".KITSWIRED

WITH ACID CORE

gOLDER

ORACIDFI.UXWILI CORRODE

ANDWILL

NOTWOR( LONG.SUCHKITSARENOT ELIGISLE

FORREPAIRORSERVICE.

'it;,. -*""". *^'

FIGURE6. THEBESIWAY TO

CONNECTA COMPONENT

Before soldering a connection

besure the iron is hot

erough to melt solder. Preheat the CONNECTION by

hotdirg the tip of tlle iron against the joint to be

soldered.

After the joint is heated,apply solder to tho

joht, NOT to the iron tip. Use onry enough solder to

fill tl1ecrevices

and cover all of tte wires and t}}e ter-

minal. Do Dot solder any connection until all wires

have beeDcomected to it.

After you have soldercd a connection, push ary

insulation or spaghetti as ctoseto t}le connectioDas

possible. This will prevent close connecuots ftom

lou.hing oneanotberand csusing

a shor(

wren wiring the contacts of the switches,becar€ful

not to bendthe switch contacts which will reducetle

spriDgpressure of tlle contacts. If the flux runs out

around the contacts,it will caNe a leakagepath

The precision *sistors furnished with your lT\a[

are sensitiveto heat. When you make a solderconDec_

tion closeto the body of one of these resistors, hold

tbe lead wiUr the lons nose pliers betw€entle body

ud the coDDection

to be soldered The jaws of tlxe

plieru will corduct the heat away fmm t]Ie body of

You are now ready to beain wiring your KNIGHI

VTVM. As you are wiring, we would lik€ you to keep

the foltowins in miDd: Do your best to positior the

palts as shown in tle wirins diagrams, and, ebove

all, USE ONLY ROSIN CORESOLDER

wlRlNGswlTcH5-l

S-1is the tluee wafer switcb in th€ lower left corrcr

of the panel.The openspacebetweentwo of the ter_

minals,ontlle wafer nesrerthe shafted, is us€da!

the refereDce

poirt for numbedng the terminals.

5EEFIGUREZ.

( ) Connect,

but do not solde., one end of R-2, g20K

ohm resistor, to terminat 1 of S-1. Connect,but

do not solder,the other end to terminat 4 of S-1.

PositioD R-2 as shown in Fig!.e 7.

( ) Conlect, but do not solde., on€ end of R-3, 900K

ohm, 1 watt, resistor, to teminal 1. Connect,

but do not Bolder,the other end to terminal 6.

Position R-3 as showtr in Figu.e 7.

( ) Solder one end of a 2 inch bare wire to terminal

1.Insert the other end throush a 1ri inch lenath

of spaahetti. Solder it to terminat 5.

( ) Solderoneend of R-1, 150K ohm reFistor,.o rcr-

hinal 4. Connect, but do not solde., the other

end to terminal 13.

( ) Connect,

but do trot solder,one endof R-16,10K

ohm resistor, to terminal 13. Inse.t the other

end

throuAh

a rz incblengih

of spaghetti.

Con_

npcr,

but do not solder,it lo r.rm,nat tZ.

( ) Connect,

but do not solder,oneend of R-20, 90K

ohm resistor, to terminal 14. Connect, but do

not solder, the other end to terminal 25.

( ) Connect,but do not solder, oDeend of a 2 inch

bare wire to teminal 14. Solder the other end

to terminal 26.

( ) Solder one end of R-21, 9K ohm resislor ro rcr-

minal 14. Connect,but do not solder, the other

end to teminal 2?.

( ) Conneci,but do not solder, one end of R"22, 900

ohm iesistor, to terminal 16. Solder the other

end to terminal 27.

( ) Connect,but do not solder, one end of a Z inch

ba.e wire to terminal 16. Solder the other end

to terminal 28.

( ) Sold€. on€€nd of R-23, 90 ohm resisror, to ter-

minat 16. Connect,but do not soliier, the other

end to terminal 29.

MIJST

WIRETHE

IANGE

SWITCH

LEFT SIDE RIGHTSIDE

FJGURE

7, HOWTO

. soldpr

one

endof R-15 20K

ohmresisror'

1otPr-

' i]'ir'ri c-*", ourdo nor solder'

rhp other

end to terminal 30.

, Solder

one

"nd ot - 2 inchreo sire lo rFrminal

il.-f;;;";., b'' do nor

sorder'

the orhpr

end10

terminal 30

r pass

one

pnd

of R_14

?0KohmreFistor

lhrough

' i"#r',i is"* connocr

I'rorerminar,T

sorder

i"ii",ii,i

i, ',"'o"

'"' sorder

rerminar

re sorder

ihe otherendof R-14

to termrnar

' Solder

on' eno of R-I3 200h ohm resjsror'

' '.".iri"r'r' ,g. Conna'l bur do not sorder'

rhe

other end to terminal 32

, """" 6n" endof s 3 inch

harewire througr rer

-:;;i; "n,r -^'*t i ro rprminar

e sorder

ili; ."".-';;'" 8 and 20 connecr br I do not

solder,

the oLher

endLotermrnar

Jz'

" ffii":l

J":"l"1"lll""liH;"lii'1"'"ll"l'1';

other end to terminal 32

end of R-]1 2 lvlesohn resistor'

il't-"*r, Frmrnzl

2l and 'onne't il.to termrnar

ir. iii"" ""," 'onnecrions connect hxt do not

solder,

the otherendto termtnal

. ' Pass

onF

pnd

of a 3 inch barewirP

ihro'rsh ler

' -Hitr;;;..""" irto

termin'l

r0 sordPr

',,.ir,

#^i:.". conne-'r'.bur

donot

soldpr'

ihe oiher end to tennrnar J4'

, r Pass

one

enooi F_!0 7 N'leSohm

l watr' resls-

' i.,.-"-,r,",,"r,rcrminai 23,

and connp.l

il to rer-

i'i""j ii l.ra'. rerminar

23bu'

norsorder

l"".r""i r

' solder

the

othe-

end

rarnrnal

, I ConnP(r,

bul do not solder'

oneendol R 17 9

' i,li".rl- l-""]i rFsisro' to rerminar

04 sorder

ihe other end

to term)nar

, , Connp.r,

b.ri

do notsold"r'

one

endor a red

w're

t. ienr.,r',, Zq. Soldpr

theorher

eud

ln iprm'nar

, ) Solo'

r onc Frd of R_19

900K ohm r"slsror'ro

' ;;:;,i tl sorder

rhe

otrer end

rotcminal 25

, , Sold"'onp endof R_24

the 9 r ohrr $'r"wouno

' ' i*"i".--'*'a wjth tl'" 'olor bands white

i.""*". *"ru andsold to lerminal 29 ConnPct

i"i'a. "'"il.ia"'ltr' orhe-

'nd IorF'minar

3r'

You have finished mounting the precisionreststors-

Recheck aU of Your work

HOWIO WIRE

THEPANEL

SEE

FIGURE

r r SoldFr

onp

"nd of a Cre'nwrre

ro tprminal

I on

' ;i"-;i"' lisht 'oc\ei connecr'

but do not sor-

;;;, "G t;"- end ro rhe sordp'

Iut under rhe

chassis.orneclo.

nJ1

l So

deronp erd of "n orang"

wi"" ro Ier'inal 13

' iii-r. conn"r' tr do nor soldcr' thP other

end to the solder lug

r r Soldpr

one end of snolhProranAe

wjre io lbe

i"^i".r o" J-3, Ihe 'ommon jack Solder

th€

other end to th€ solder lug

{ r Pass

one

endot a red wire lhrough the c}assis

;;"""-.. soloFr

ir to rhe pvFlet

in the center

"i-ii'" """*ct*. rnsert the otherendthrouah

;1 inch len#h ot the largespashalli Force

irre ioaeherri down against rhe soldered evelel

""""""tiot. SotO". 't'. olher Fndof the red wire

to t€rminal 1 of S-2

I ) lnse$ each end lead of C-2' -01 MFD paper ca-

Dacilor,

through

a 1r. in'h leng_h

of small

spa-

!r'r"r'i. Sota"irn" lead from rhebsnded

end10

ifr.inar gor s-z Solder

tneolherlPadto termi-

i.le "i s-r' Posilion

c-2 between

J-2and S-2A

r ) Solder

on. eno of a red wire lo l€rmintl 11of

i-r. Sora"r

theorher

endto terminal

2 of S-2'

I ) Soldpr

on. end

of a vFllow

$)r" lo terminal

s-i Sora."

rheotherendro lprminal6 of S-2

r ) Ioserr

a arFen

wirethrouqha 4 inchlength

rt'" iu.g"'"p.gt'.rri SoldPr

one

endIo I'l Sol-

derthaoft;r endto lcrminal 8 of S-2

( ) Sold€r one end of a sreen wire to terminal 3 of

' ' i-i. C.r"*t, but d; not solder, the other etrd

to terminal 15 of S-2'

i ) Solderone end of a vellow wire to terminal 1 of

' ' R-25. Solder

the other endto terminal 11 of S-2

, , Solder

one

endot a bluF

wire to terminal 2 of

c-ii. c"'*,t, bur do not solder'

rheolher end

to t€rminal 1 of R-27

( ) Solaler

oneend of a green wire to terminal 33 of

' ' i-i. -i"rJ* tr'" othe;

end

to terminar

7of s"2'

, I SoldPr

one

'nd ot a red wite ro tctminal 12 of

' i-i. --c-**r' bur do nor soldPr'

Ine olher end

to terminal 3 of R-27.

r r Solder

one

end

ot a areen

wire10

jerminal

l5 of

' i-i. soro""

rr'" orhi end lo terminal

4 of S-2

SEE

FIGURE

, , Scrape

the painr from aroundthe low€r riabt

' -"*t ,."""ii"g hole on ihe rpar of the panel

, I Mounr the mpler fror lie tronr of tbe panei'

ri.n,"t *" of lhp nutssupplied

with lhemeter

."Ei *+ "r rhF tqo rops'rews andrhe lower

lefLs.rew Do nol riShlen lhem too securery

i;r*" ." i"t"t"'t to.tt' lockwasherandthe other

;;;;;;i;-" over rhe rower titht s'rew Now'

iiJi." " ,i"t ove" rbe scrPw You $ilr u€e tre

.ii". ro," nur=

"uppti"a

wirhthp

metFr

mouni

the Printealcircuit board'

, ) Solder

one

end

ol a blu' wir" to rerminal

14 of

i-i. sora"" ,t'" other end ro lhp solder

lug on

the negative meter Post

, , Solderonp end of a violet wire to terminal 10 of

i-2. So.a.. the olher end ro rhe solder

lus oD

()

the positive meter post.

Solder one end of another violet wire to teminal

2 of the pilot light socket. The other end will be

connected

to the p nted circuit late!.

( ) Insert the pilot tamp into its sock€t.

NOTE

SWITCHES

ARE SHOWN

EXPANDEDAND SIMPLIFIED

FIGURE8. HOWTOWIRETHE

PANEL

ry=--x

I IsFAcEF

(ro

YouNlEo

LAIEF)

ilUT€I

ae\**.**"

>z-

*ar**ao"-*^*a"@ _f

CABLECLAMP DETAIL

A METER

SOIJNIINC

SCREW

FIGURE

9. HOW TO MOUNI AND WIRE

THEMETER

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