ABB Circuit Shield 87B Manual de usuario

7.6

1.7

Issue

llll

INSTRUCTIONS

High

Impedance

Differential

Relay

CIRCUIT

SHIELD

Type

Catalog

Series

419

HIGH

IMPEDANCE

OIFPERENTIAI

RELAY

•

too

400

VOLTS

RMS

SET

TES

ABB

Power

TSD

Company

f n

own

USA

;

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

High

Impedance

Differential

Relays

7.6

1.7

Page

TABLE

CONTENTS

Page

Introduction

Precautions

Placing

Relay

into

Service

Application

Data

Testing

Obsolete

Models

INTRODUCTION

These

instructions

contain

the

information

required

properly

install

operate

and

test

the

ABB

Type

high

impedance

single

phase

differential

relay

The

Type

relay

high

speed

instantaneous

differential

voltage

device

intended

primarily

for

bus

differential

protection

High

current

sensitivity

also

allows

the

relay

used

for

differential

protection

resistance

grounded

systems

and

machines

reactors

The

relay

contains

voltage

limiting

resistors

(

varistors

)

which

limit

voltage

across

its

input

terminals

safe

value

during

system

faults

The

relay

housed

case

suitable

for

conventional

semi

flush

panel

mounting

The

unit

offers

totally

drawout

construction

with

integral

test

facilities

Current

transformer

shorting

accomplished

direct

acting

spring

and

blade

assembly

upon

removal

the

relay

from

its

case

Sequenced

disconnects

eliminate

any

possibility

nuisance

tripping

during

withdrawal

insertion

the

relay

target

indicator

mounted

the

front

panel

The

target

reset

means

pushbutton

extending

through

the

relay

cover

Control

voltage

must

present

reset

the

target

Earlier

models

catalog

series

219

are

covered

7.6

1.7

PRECAUTIONS

The

following

precautions

should

taken

when

applying

these

relays

Incorrect

wiring

may

result

damage

sure

wiring

agrees

with

the

connection

diagram

for

the

particular

relay

before

the

relay

energized

sure

control

power

applied

the

correct

polarity

before

applying

Apply

only

the

rated

control

voltage

marked

the

relay

front

panel

The

proper

polarity

must

observed

when

the

control

power

connections

are

made

not

apply

high

voltage

tests

solid

state

relays

control

wiring

insulation

test

required

withdraw

the

relay

from

the

case

before

applying

test

voltage

lockout

relay

(

type

LOR

HEA

)

must

used

short

circuit

the

input

signal

side

relay

upon

operation

the

differential

circuit

due

faults

within

the

protected

zone

The

entire

circuit

assembly

the

relay

removable

The

unit

should

insert

smoothly

not

use

excessive

force

test

instructions

verify

that

relay

proper

working

order

relay

found

inoperative

return

factory

for

repair

Immediate

replacement

the

relay

can

made

available

from

the

factory

;

identify

catalog

and

serial

numbers

suggest

that

complete

spare

relay

ordered

replacement

and

the

inoperative

unit

repaired

and

retained

spare

CAUTION

Since

troubleshooting

entails

working

with

energized

equipment

caution

should

taken

avoid

personal

shock

Only

competent

technicians

familiar

with

good

safety

practices

should

services

these

devices

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

High

Impedance

Differential

Relays

7.6

1.7

Page

PLACING

THE

RELAY

INTO

SERVICE

RECEIVING

HANDLING

STORAGE

Upon

receipt

the

relay

(

when

not

included

part

switchboard

)

examine

for

shipping

damage

loss

evident

file

claim

once

and

promptly

notify

Asea

Brown

Boveri

Use

normal

care

handling

avoid

mechanical

damage

Keep

the

relay

clean

and

dry

INSTALLATION

Mounting

The

outline

dimensions

and

panel

drilling

and

cutout

information

given

Figure

Terminal

and

basic

circuit

identification

will

found

Figure

Connections

typical

external

connection

diagram

showing

(

)

Type

relays

used

for

bus

differential

protection

shown

Figure

Wiring

and

interconnections

should

accordance

with

instructions

Current

transformer

polarities

MUST

shown

The

relays

have

metal

front

panels

which

are

connected

through

printed

circuit

board

runs

and

connector

wiring

terminal

the

rear

the

relay

case

The

terminal

marked

“

”

all

applications

this

terminal

should

wired

ground

lockout

relay

must

wired

shown

Figure

must

connected

the

proper

polarity

shown

the

diagram

obtain

best

sensitivities

and

facilitate

lower

pickup

settings

the

junction

points

leads

should

made

equidistant

from

all

leads

equal

resistance

provided

SETTINGS

VOLTAGE

PICKUP

400

Volts

RMS

settable

means

front

panel

switch

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

volts

TEST

FEATURE

built

test

push

button

provided

for

operational

trip

tests

and

mounted

behind

the

removable

front

cover

When

using

the

built

test

switch

release

the

button

soon

the

operates

the

button

held

the

relay

will

continually

repeat

its

trip

and

reset

functions

rapidly

and

will

appear

chatter

RESET

The

relay

does

not

require

manual

reset

restores

itself

functional

status

upon

clearing

the

faults

and

resetting

the

lockout

relay

The

operation

indicator

the

memory

type

and

can

reset

after

fault

test

without

front

cover

removal

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

7.6

1.7

Page

High

Impedance

Differential

Relays

TRIMMER

vernier

marked

pickup

inside

the

relay

the

upper

printed

circuit

board

allows

fine

calibration

pickup

settings

selected

switch

positions

Initial

Check

After

wiring

completed

and

checked

apply

control

power

and

reset

the

operation

indicator

the

indicator

cannot

reset

recheck

connections

voltage

and

polarity

not

attempt

any

other

tests

until

wiring

errors

are

corrected

Verify

ratio

current

transformers

Check

polarity

and

connections

the

relays

Exercise

test

push

button

check

proper

operation

and

lockout

relays

8.2

209.33

1.197

6.562

166

6.873

174.63

30.16

500

RAMIL

4.673

123.63

437

61.91

SIOC

VIEW

FRONT

VICW

ins

HOLts

—

’

rrn

’

0 0 0

93.66

PANEL

CUTOUT

iui

hSS

32.36

•

HUH

•

STUD

NUM

CPS

(

BACK

VlCW

)

3.167

80.96

6.625

NOTE

DIMENSIONS

ARE

Relay

Outline

and

Drilling

Figure

‘

STATION

GROUND

CONTROL

VOLTAGE

(

)

„

(

)

Figure

Basic

Relay

Connections

419

Series

Units

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

—

“

OBVICE

CONTACTS

FOR

TRIP

LOCKOUT

ALARM

CIRCUITS

RECTO

BUS

SOURCE

FEEDER

TIE

BUS

tion

rsfl

ryi

Lrb

IDENTICAL

•

RELAYING

CONTROL

POWER

}

i i

BUS

CRO

irn

TIE

878

’

High

Impedance

Bus

Differential

Relay

Figure

Typical

External

Connections

Catalog

Series

419

for

Protection

Multiple

Bus

Sections

with

Bus

Ties

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

High

Impedance

Differential

Relays

7.6

1.7

Page

SPECIFICATIONS

400

RMS

1500

Watt

seconds

Ratings

Input

Circuit

Table

;

Input

Impedance

and

Sensitivity

Current

Sensitivity

(

)

Primary

Amps

4000

2000

Pickup

Input

Resistance

(

burden

)

Ohms

Pickup

Current

RMS

Peak

Volts

(

Sine

)

Dial

1200

Setting

RMS

106.1

1430

0.05

100

141.4

1600

0.06

150

212.1

1820

0.08

1950

0.10

200

282.8

250

353.6

2050

0.12

112

300

424.3

2120

0.14

128

495

2170

0.16

350

2210

144

400

565.7

0.18

(

)

System

current

values

are

listed

for

reference

only

and

represent

contribution

all

power

sources

Magnetizing

current

not

included

Voltage

Pickup

setting

Tolerance

Operating

Time

Total

trip

time

milliseconds

(

includes

msec

time

the

lockout

relay

and

msec

operating

time

relay

)

Input

Withstand

150

Volts

RMS

continuous

400

Volts

RMS

for

minutes

1500

Wattsec

max

voltage

limiting

conditions

(

internal

system

faults

)

Frequency

Voltage

Limiting

1200

1500

Volts

instantaneous

input

currents

excess

0.5

1.0

ampere

Input

output

isolation

7500

peak

Dielectric

Catalog

Number

models

available

for

Control

Power

419

0002

419

0012

419

0022

419

0032

419

0042

419

0052

419

0082

419

0092

Drain

(

stand

)

Drain

(

stand

)

Drain

8.5

(

stand

)

Drain

lma

(

stand

)

Drain

9.2

(

stand

)

Drain

lOma

(

stand

)

Drain

(

stand

)

Drain

(

stand

)

110

Vdc

175

Vdc

220

Vdc

125

Vdc

250

Vdc

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

High

Impedance

Differential

Relays

7.6

1.7

Page

Output

Circuit

Contact

Rating

250

vdc

125

vdc

Tripping

Continuous

Break

Amperes

0.3

Amperes

0.1

Amperes

than

3000

IMhz

bursts

repetition

rate

continuous

Transient

Immunity

;

Operating

Temperature

Range

Minus

degrees

File

103204

Recognized

PRINCIPLE

OPERATION

The

Type

differential

relay

contains

solid

state

circuits

and

offers

high

speed

and

sensitive

protection

against

faults

within

the

protected

zone

substations

equipment

Its

input

presents

high

impedance

burden

current

transformers

(

see

table

)

for

secondary

differential

currents

below

0.5

amperes

and

corresponding

burden

voltages

below

1000

volts

peak

Leakage

current

through

the

relay

varistors

these

levels

negligible

The

voltage

pickup

setting

made

means

switch

and

trimmer

potentiometer

voltage

divider

circuit

The

relay

responds

modified

instantaneous

voltage

increase

across

its

terminals

above

the

set

point

during

internal

faults

The

pickup

voltage

should

set

above

the

moderate

voltages

which

may

occur

under

external

through

fault

conditions

due

unequal

performance

saturation

Filter

and

delay

circuits

are

provided

against

system

transients

RFI

and

flux

exchange

between

current

transformers

The

relay

equipped

with

voltage

limiting

power

resistors

(

metal

oxide

varistors

)

limit

the

input

voltage

safe

values

during

internal

system

faults

Input

burden

heavy

faults

essence

relatively

high

voltage

series

with

resistance

few

ohms

which

practically

does

not

impede

the

build

summation

currents

Hence

the

relay

absorbs

instantaneous

power

the

order

kilowatts

while

responding

high

currents

and

has

assigned

wattsecond

limits

The

energy

delivered

current

transformers

depends

their

saturation

voltage

(

rating

)

ratio

and

fault

current

magnitude

The

Type

relay

primarily

designed

operate

fast

lockout

relay

which

turn

short

circuits

the

relay

inputs

and

trips

associated

circuit

breakers

The

input

side

the

relay

isolated

from

the

output

circuits

optocoupler

The

output

side

consists

dry

contact

and

associated

clamping

delay

polarity

and

power

supply

circuits

target

provided

give

permanent

indication

relay

system

operation

and

reset

means

the

front

panel

push

button

The

built

test

feature

allows

operational

trip

test

the

Type

and

lockout

relay

When

differential

trip

occurs

the

output

contact

driven

closed

for

minimum

200

milliseconds

(

400

typical

)

then

automatically

resets

trip

level

input

maintained

the

relay

will

continue

cycle

through

the

trip

and

reset

functions

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

High

Impedance

Differential

Relays

7.6

1.7

Page

APPLICATION

The

Type

single

phase

relay

the

high

impedance

high

speed

type

used

well

known

differential

circuits

with

standard

current

transformers

Typically

three

type

relays

and

lockout

relay

are

required

standard

configurations

for

bus

differential

protection

against

phase

and

phase

ground

faults

properly

set

relay

will

discriminate

between

external

(

through

feed

)

and

internal

system

faults

The

relay

voltage

actuated

device

but

its

pick

sensitivity

proportional

current

magnitudes

during

internal

faults

The

voltage

across

the

relay

input

practically

zero

symmetrical

circuits

during

normal

operation

hence

the

continuous

input

rating

less

importance

Moderate

voltage

may

appear

the

secondary

circuits

due

unequal

performance

saturation

some

However

these

voltages

will

result

smaller

differential

currents

(

percent

)

than

schemes

with

low

impedance

differential

relays

Thus

high

differential

impedance

(

usually

several

orders

magnitude

higher

than

the

shunt

impedance

saturated

)

leaves

current

transformers

force

coupled

through

their

secondaries

and

allows

better

discrimination

between

faults

Internal

faults

lead

summation

all

infeed

secondary

currents

the

relay

with

some

shunting

effect

idle

secondaries

Relay

voltage

and

current

rise

rapidly

during

heavy

internal

faults

The

signal

while

being

voltage

limited

varistors

causes

the

relays

operate

and

self

protect

the

input

relay

until

circuit

breakers

trip

All

differential

relays

high

impedance

type

have

limited

input

current

energy

ratings

The

described

protection

can

conveniently

expanded

breakers

are

added

the

existing

scheme

The

standard

Type

relay

does

not

contain

restraining

circuits

Applications

which

involve

either

lightning

arresters

(

directly

connected

the

bus

)

non

relayed

capacitors

with

grounded

mid

points

other

equipment

subject

high

magnetizing

inrush

non

canceled

infeed

should

referred

the

factory

Application

the

Type

relay

and

calculation

proper

settings

require

consideration

the

above

described

properties

the

scheme

general

and

provide

optimum

performance

attention

recommended

proper

selection

current

transformers

and

wiring

voltage

settings

above

voltages

and

transients

expected

under

external

fault

inrush

conditions

sensitivity

internal

faults

and

relay

withstand

maximum

fault

magnitudes

For

example

the

following

selection

procedures

can

adapted

for

given

bus

differential

protection

scheme

Voltage

Settings

External

Faults

The

relay

should

set

above

maximum

secondary

circuit

voltage

which

will

appear

during

external

faults

Assume

that

the

faulted

feeder

load

breaker

completely

saturated

and

one

source

are

forcing

current

through

its

secondary

winding

Identify

ratio

and

location

Obtain

calculate

resistance

the

secondary

winding

the

and

two

way

lead

length

from

the

junction

point

the

farthest

Correct

resistance

values

the

highest

ambient

operating

temperature

Obtain

interrupting

rating

the

largest

circuit

breaker

(

symm

RMS

)

referred

secondary

side

Product

this

current

and

resistance

sum

obtained

above

symmetrical

RMS

voltage

obtain

minimum

relay

setting

multiply

this

value

factor

(

2.5

)

which

will

account

for

safe

margins

offset

resistance

tolerances

and

current

transfer

between

’

The

voltage

thus

calculated

represents

the

minimum

safe

setting

the

relay

the

value

between

set

points

use

the

higher

pickup

setting

Still

higher

settings

will

provide

additional

safety

margins

with

some

increase

detectable

internal

fault

magnitude

most

cases

the

voltage

pickup

the

relay

can

set

above

the

saturation

voltage

rating

(

knee

point

)

’

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

High

Impedance

Differential

Relays

7.6

1.7

Page

These

conservative

calculations

can

refined

produce

lower

settings

the

following

other

practical

conditions

are

considered

Maximum

fault

current

usually

lower

than

interrupting

ratings

Faulted

circuit

standard

design

never

saturate

completely

Source

may

enter

saturation

region

Phase

ground

external

fault

currents

resistance

grounded

systems

are

relatively

low

hence

phase

fault

currents

and

one

way

lead

resistance

become

the

controlling

factors

Junction

points

leads

may

not

equidistant

but

closer

feeders

which

are

subject

external

faults

Withstand

Internal

Faults

The

thermal

withstand

the

relay

controlled

internal

dissipation

limits

Energy

depends

the

speed

the

differential

and

lockout

relay

operation

maximum

available

fault

current

and

saturation

characteristics

general

the

wattsecond

rating

high

impedance

relays

any

type

should

checked

against

expected

energy

For

convenience

one

could

use

simplified

method

reflected

Table

that

based

limits

saturation

voltages

with

respect

relay

currents

and

conservative

total

operating

time

milliseconds

(

from

inception

the

fault

closing

instant

the

lockout

relay

contacts

)

Table

Typical

Input

Current

and

Energy

Limits

Current

Transformers

Max

Current

Transformers

Max

system

fault

current

(

Symm

RMS

)

Max

relay

Current

(

Symm

RMS

)

Max

system

fault

current

(

Symm

RMS

)

Max

relay

Current

(

Symm

RMS

)

Current

Transformers

Max

system

fault

current

Symm

RMS

)

relay

Current

(

Symm

RMS

)

Minimum

Ratio

Max

Satur

Voltage

Minimum

Ratio

Minimum

Ratio

Max

Satur

Voltage

Satur

Voltage

170

240

1500

1200

800

37.5

100

2500

2000

1500

37.5

350

300

170

1000

800

500

37.5

150

260

37.5

2000

1500

1000

360

3000

2500

1500

37.5

250

200

1000

800

500

135

37.5

280

2000

1500

1000

4000

2500

2000

400

37.5

220

210

1200

1000

600

37.5

125

290

2000

1500

1000

37.5

440

4000

3000

2000

37.5

200

220

1500

1000

800

37.5

310

110

2500

2000

1200

37.5

600

(

)

37.5

(

)

4000

(

)

this

range

are

not

widely

available

due

limited

window

area

Consult

factory

the

maximum

fault

current

(

symmetrical

RMS

amperes

)

and

the

ratio

are

known

the

selected

saturation

voltage

any

should

not

higher

than

indicated

the

corresponding

line

Conversely

the

ratio

should

not

lower

than

one

shown

for

corresponding

values

the

system

fault

current

and

saturation

voltage

Intermediate

values

can

obtained

interpolation

Alternatively

the

energy

can

accurately

calculated

from

the

instantaneous

product

secondary

current

and

voltage

pulses

One

should

bear

mind

however

that

the

total

circuit

not

linear

during

faults

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

7.6

1.7

Page

High

Impedance

Differential

Relays

approximation

note

that

the

relay

input

voltages

are

approaching

square

shape

and

currents

triangular

pulse

form

high

internal

faults

Thus

the

product

secondary

RMS

current

(

max

internal

fault

symmetrical

)

and

squared

value

Saturation

RMS

voltage

multiplied

factor

measure

wattsecond

energy

per

pulse

that

absorbed

the

relay

This

value

that

multiplied

the

maximum

expected

number

pulses

should

less

than

relay

Wsec

rating

Note

that

pulses

occur

every

half

cycle

and

their

number

depends

the

operating

time

the

lockout

relay

the

contact

closing

Therefore

fast

lockout

relays

are

preferred

Current

Sensitivity

Internal

Faults

Since

the

varistor

current

within

the

pickup

range

the

relay

negligible

minimum

fault

current

trip

controlled

only

the

relay

burden

current

and

the

magnetizing

currents

current

transformers

Obtain

relay

Current

from

Table

and

add

the

sum

magnetizing

currents

all

the

circuit

selected

pickup

voltage

(

consult

magnetizing

curves

)

all

are

identical

one

could

also

check

the

approximate

number

circuits

breakers

that

can

connected

the

relay

desired

current

sensitivity

and

voltage

setting

obtain

the

number

subtract

the

relay

current

from

the

required

fault

current

sensitivity

and

divide

the

magnetizing

current

one

Current

Transformers

Wiring

The

relay

designed

for

use

with

dedicated

Toroidal

bushing

type

current

transformers

with

low

leakage

impedance

are

preferred

All

current

transformers

must

the

same

ratio

and

preferably

have

the

same

relaying

class

rating

(

saturation

voltage

)

Highest

available

tap

recommended

assure

that

the

secondary

winding

fully

distributed

around

the

core

The

best

sensitivity

will

obtained

lead

resistances

the

junction

point

are

minimized

and

the

junction

equidistant

lead

length

from

all

There

should

only

one

ground

connection

the

secondary

connection

See

Figure

Page

polarity

and

recommended

connections

should

observed

lockout

relay

should

used

shown

The

user

should

select

current

transformers

wiring

and

terminations

that

are

capable

withstanding

circuit

voltages

encountered

during

faults

secondaries

are

additionally

protected

gaps

varistors

their

trigger

threshold

voltage

should

not

less

than

1600

2000

volts

Courtesy of NationalSwitchgear.com

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